Understanding key performance indicators for breast support: An analysis of breast support effects on biomechanical, physiological and subjective measures during running

References

• Ajzen, I. (2014). Constructing a TPB questionnaire: Conceptual and methodological considerations. Retrieved from http://chuang.epage.au.edu.tw/ezfiles/168/1168/attach/20/pta_41176_7688352_57138.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Borg, G. (1982). Psychophysical bases of perceived exertion. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 14, 377–381. doi:10.1249/00005768-198205000-00012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boschma, A. C., Smith, G. A., & Lawson, L. (1994). Breast support for the active woman: Relationship to 3D kinematics of running. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 26, S99. doi:10.1249/00005768-199405001-00559
   Google Scholar
• Bowles, K., Steele, J. R., & Chaunchaiyakul, R. (2005). Do current sports brassiere designs impede respiratory function? Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 37, 1633–1640. doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000177590.75686.28
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, N., Burnett, E., & Scurr, J. (2015). Is breast pain greater in active females compared to the general population in the UK? The Breast Journal. Advance online publication. Retrieved from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/%28ISSN%291524-4741
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, N., White, J., Brasher, A., & Scurr, J. (2014). The experience of breast pain (mastalgia) in female runners of the 2012 London Marathon and its effect on exercise behaviour. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 48, 320–325. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2013-092175
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burnett, E., White, J., & Scurr, J. (2014). The influence of the breast on physical activity participation in females. Journal of Physical Activity and Health. Advance online publication. doi:10.1123/jpah.2013-0236
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioural sciences (2nd ed.). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
   Google Scholar
• De Luca, C. (1997). The use of electromyography in biomechanics. Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 13, 135–163. Retrieved from http://delsys.com/decomp/078.pdf
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eden, K. B., Valiant, G. A., Lawson, J., & Himmelsbach, J. (1992). Three dimensional kinematic evaluation of sport bra design. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 24, S187. doi:10.1249/00005768-199205001-01122
   Google Scholar
• Field, A. (2009). Discovering statistics using SPSS (p. 389). London: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Gehlsen, G., & Albohm, M. (1980). Evaluation of sports bras. Physician in Sports Medicine, 8, 89–97.
   Google Scholar
• Haake, S., Milligan, A., & Scurr, J. (2012). Can measures of strain and acceleration be used to predict breast discomfort during running? Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology, 227, 209–216. doi:10.1177/1754337112456799
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hardin, E., Van Den Bogert, A., & Hamill, J. (2004). Kinematic adaptations during running: Effects of footwear, surface, and duration. Medicine and Science in Sports Exercise, 36, 838–844. Retrieved from https://journals.lww.com/acsm-msse/pages/default.aspx
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mason, B., Page, K., & Fallon, K. (1999). An analysis of movement and discomfort of the female breast during exercise and the effects of breast support in three cases. Australian Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 2, 134–144. doi:10.1016/S1440-2440(99)80193-5
   Google Scholar
• McGhee, D., & Steele, J. (2010). Breast elevation and compression decrease exercise-induced breast discomfort. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 42, 1333–1338. doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181ca7fd8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGhee, D., Steele, J., Zealey, W., & Takacs, G. (2013). Bra-breast forces generated in women with large breasts while standing and during treadmill running: Implications for sports bra design. Applied Ergonomics, 44, 112–118. doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2012.05.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGhee, D., Steele, J. R., & Munro, B. (2010). Education improves bra knowledge and fit, and level of breast support in adolescent female athletes: A cluster-randomised trial. Australian Journal of Physiotherapy, 56, 19–24. doi:10.1016/S1836-9553(10)70050-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGhee, D., Steele, J. R., & Zealey, W. J. (2010). Effects of high and low breast support on breast kinematics and kinetics during treadmill running. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sports, 12, S143. doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2009.10.298
   Google Scholar
• Milligan, A., Mills, C., & Scurr, J. (2014). The effect of breast support on upper body muscle activity during 5 km treadmill running. Human Movement Science, 38, 74–83. doi:10.1016/j.humov.2014.06.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mills, C., Loveridge, A., Milligan, A., Risius, D., & Scurr, J. (2014). Can axes conventions of the trunk reference frame influence breast displacement calculation during running? Journal of Biomechanics, 47, 575–578. doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.05.023
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rhodes, R., & Matheson, D. (2005). Discrepancies in exercise intention and expectation: Theoretical and applied issues. Psychology & Health, 20, 63–78. doi:10.1080/08870440412331296071
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Risius, D., Thelwell, R., Wagstaff, C., & Scurr, J. (2012). Influential factors of bra purchasing in older women. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal, 16, 366–380. doi:10.1108/13612021211246099
   Google Scholar
• Scurr, J., Bridgman, C., & Hedger, W. (2010). The influence of breast support on upper body muscle activity during treadmill running. In F. Korkusuz, H. Ertan, & E. Tsolakidis (Eds.), Proceedings of the 15th annual congress of the ECSS (p. 77). Antalya: ECSS.
   Google Scholar
• Scurr, J., White, J., & Hedger, W. (2009). Breast displacement in three dimensions during the walking and running gait cycles. Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 25, 322–329. Retrieved from http://journals.humankinetics.com/JAB-back-issues
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scurr, J., White, J., Milligan, A., Risius, D., & Hedger, W. (2011). Breast extension during treadmill running: A case study. In N. T. Cable & K. George (Eds.), Proceedings of the 16th annual congress of the ECSS (p. 468). Liverpool: ECSS.
   Google Scholar
• Scurr, J. C., White, J. L., & Hedger, W. (2010). The effect of breast support on the kinematics of the breast during the running gait cycle. Journal of Sports Sciences, 28, 1103–1109. doi:10.1080/02640414.2010.497542
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scurr, J. C., White, J. L., & Hedger, W. (2011). Supported and unsupported breast displacement in three dimensions across treadmill activity levels. Journal of Sports Sciences, 29, 55–61. doi:10.1080/02640414.2010.521944
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shivitz, N. (2002). Adaptation of vertical ground reaction force due to changes in breast support in running ( Unpublished master’s thesis). Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, pp. 1–54.
   Google Scholar
• Verscheure, S., Arata, A., & Hreljac, A. (2000). How effective are different sports bra designs at attenuating forces during jumping. Medicine and Science in Sports Exercise, 32, S267. Retrieved from https://journals.lww.com/acsm-msse/pages/default.aspx
   Google Scholar
• White, J., Lunt, H., & Scurr, J. (2011). The effect of breast support on ventilation and breast comfort perception at the onset of exercise. In M. Sellens, G. Sandercock, M. Taylor, & D. Micklewright (Eds.), Proceedings of the BASES annual conference (p. S74). Essex: BASES.
   Google Scholar
• White, J., Mills, C., & Scurr, J. (2012, July). Breast support implications for female athletes during steady-state running. In V. Girginov (Executive Ed.), Proceedings of the ICSEMIS (pp. 6). Glasgow: ICSEMIS.
   Google Scholar
• White, J., & Scurr, J. (2012). Evaluation of professional bra fitting criteria for bra selection and fitting in the UK. Ergonomics, 55, 704–711. doi:10.1080/00140139.2011.647096
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• White, J. L., Scurr, J. C., & Smith, N. A. (2009). The effect of breast support on kinetics during over ground running performance. Ergonomics, 52, 492–498. doi:10.1080/00140130802707907
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams, K. R., & Cavanagh, P. R. (1987). Relationship between distance running mechanics, running economy, and performance. Journal of Applied Physiology, 63, 1236–1245. Retrieved from http://jap.physiology.org/content/63/3/1236.full-text.pdf+html
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeni, J. A., Richards, J. G., & Higginson, J. S. (2008). Two simple methods for determining gait events during treadmill and over ground walking using kinematic data. Gait & Posture, 27, 710–714. doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2007.07.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou, J., Yu, W., & Ng, S.-P. (2013). Identifying effective design features of commercial sports bras. Textile Research Journal, 83, 1500–1513. doi:10.1177/0040517512464289
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar