5,513
Views
188
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Achievement goals in sport: The development and validation of the Perception of Success Questionnaire

, &
Pages 337-347 | Published online: 19 Mar 2008

References

  • American Psychological Association ( 1974 ). Standards for Educational and Psychological Tests and Manuals . Washington, DC : American Psychological Association .
  • Ames , C. 1984 . “ Competitive, co-operative, and individualistic goal structures: A motivational analysis ” . In Research on Motivation in Education , Edited by: Ames , R. and Ames , C. Vol. 1 , 177 – 207 . New York : Academic Press .
  • Ames , C. 1987 . “ The enhancement of student motivation ” . In Advances in Motivation and Achievement , Edited by: Kleiber , D.A. and Maehr , M.L. Vol. 5 , 123 – 148 . Greenwich, CT : JAI Press .
  • Ames , C. 1992 . “ Achievement goals, motivational climate, and motivational processes ” . In Motivation in Sport and Exercise , Edited by: Roberts , G.C. 161 – 176 . Champaign, IL : Human Kinetics .
  • Ames , C. and Archer , J. 1987 . Mothers' beliefs about the role of ability and effort in school learning . Journal of Educational Psychology , 18 : 409 – 414 .
  • Bryne , B. 1984 . The general/academic self-concept nomo-logical network: A review of construct validation research . Journal of Education Research , 54 : 427 – 456 .
  • Chi , L. and Duda , J.L. 1995 . Multi-sample confirmatory factor analysis of the task and ego orientation in sport questionnaire . Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport , 66 : 91 – 98 .
  • Dennett , D.C. 1978 . Brainstorms: Philosophical Essays on Mind and Psychology , Montgomery, VT : Bradford .
  • Duda , J.L. 1989 . The relationship between task and ego orientation and the perceived purpose of sport among male and female high school athletes . Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology , 11 : 318 – 335 .
  • Duda , J.L. 1992 . “ Motivation in sport settings: A goal perspective approach ” . In Motivation in Sport and Exercise , Edited by: Roberts , G.C. 57 – 92 . Champaign, IL : Human Kinetics .
  • Duda , J.L. 1993 . “ Goals: A social cognitive approach to the study of achievement motivation in sport ” . In Handbook of Research in Sport Psychology , Edited by: Singer , R.N. , Murphey , M. and Tennant , L.K. 421 – 436 . New York : Macmillan .
  • Duda , J.L. and Nicholls , J.G. 1992 . Dimensions of achievement motivation in schoolwork and sport . Journal of Educational Psychology , 84 : 1 – 10 .
  • Durand , M. , Famose , J.R , Cury , F. and Sarrazin , P. 1996 . Une version francaise des questionnaires de buts de motivation scholaires et sportifs . International Journal of Sport Psychology , 27 : 251 – 268 .
  • Dweck , C.S. 1986 . Motivational processes affecting learning . American Psychologist , 41 : 1040 – 1048 .
  • Dweck , C.S. and Elliott , E. 1983 . “ Achievement motivation ” . In Handbook of Child Psychology. Socialisation, Personality, and Social Development , Edited by: Hetherington , M. Vol. 4 , 643 – 691 . New York : John Wiley .
  • Dweck , C.S. and Leggett , E.L. 1988 . A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality . Psychological Review , 95 : 265 – 273 .
  • Escarti , A. , Cervello , E. and Guzman , J.F. 1996 . La orientacion de metas de adolescentes deportistas de competicion y la percepcion de los criterios de exito deportivo de los otros significativos . Revista de Psicologia Social Aplicada , 6 : 27 – 42 .
  • Ewing , M.E. ( 1981 ). Achievement orientations and sport behaviour of males and females . Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign .
  • Gill , D.L. and Deeter , T.E. 1988 . Development of the sport orientation questionnaire . Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport , 59 : 191 – 202 .
  • Jackson , S.A. ( 1988 ). Positive performance states of athletes: Toward a conceptual understanding of peak performance . Unpublished Master's thesis, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL .
  • Jackson , S.A. and Roberts , G.C. 1992 . Positive performance states of athletes: Toward a conceptual understanding of peak performance . The Sport Psychologist , 6 : 156 – 171 .
  • Joreskog , K.G. 1969 . A general approach to confirmatory maximum likelihood factor analysis . Psychometrika , 34 : 183 – 202 .
  • Joreskog , K.G. and Sorbom , D. 1993 . Windows LISREL 8.12 , Chicago, IL : Scientific Software International, Inc .
  • Kavussanu , M. ( 1996 ). Moral development and behaviour in sport: An achievement goal perspective . Unpublished doctoral thesis, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL .
  • Maehr , M.L. 1984 . “ Meaning and motivation: Toward a theory of personal investment ” . In Research on Motivation in Education , Edited by: Ames , R. and Ames , C. Vol. 1 , 115 – 144 . New York : Academic Press .
  • Maehr , M.L. and Braskamp , L. 1986 . The Motivation Factor. A Theory of Personal Investment , Lexington, MA : Lexington Books .
  • Marsh , H. 1994 . Sport motivation orientations: Beware of jingle-jangle fallacies . Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology , 16 : 365 – 380 .
  • Marsh , H.W. , Balla , J.R. and McDonald , R.P. 1988 . Good-ness-of-fit indexes in confirmatory factor analysis: The effect of sample size . Psychological Bulletin , 103 : 391 – 410 .
  • McArthur , L.Z. and Baron , R.M. 1983 . Toward an ecological theory of social perception . Psychological Review , 90 : 215 – 238 .
  • McAuley , E. , Duncan , T.E. and Tammen , V.V. 1989 . Psychometric properties of the intrinsic motivation inventory in a competitive sport setting: A confirmatory factor analysis . Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport , 60 : 48 – 58 .
  • Nicholls , J.G. 1978 . The development of the concepts of effort and ability, perception of attainment, and the understanding that difficult tasks take more ability . Child Development , 49 : 800 – 814 .
  • Nicholls , J.G. ( 1980 ). An intentional theory of achievement motivation . Communication to the Symposium on Attributional Approaches to Human Behaviour , Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies, University of Bielefeld, Germany, August .
  • Nicholls , J.G. 1984 . “ Conceptions of ability and achievement motivation ” . In Research on Motivation in Education , Edited by: Ames , R. and Ames , C. Vol. 1 , 39 – 73 . New York : Academic Press .
  • Nicholls , J. 1989 . The Competitive Ethos and Democratic Education , Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press .
  • Nicholls , J. 1992 . “ The general and the specific in the development and expression of achievement motivation ” . In Motivation in Sport and Exercise , Edited by: Roberts , G.C. 31 – 57 . Champaign, IL : Human Kinetics .
  • Nicholls , J.G. and Miller , A.T . 1984 . “ Development and its discontents: The differentiation of the concept of ability ” . In The Development of Achievement Motivation , Edited by: Nicholls , J.G. 185 – 218 . Greenwich, CT : JAI Press .
  • Nicholls , J. , Patashnik , M. and Nolen , S. 1985 . Adolescent theories of education . Journal of Educational Psychology , 11 : 683 – 692 .
  • Roberts , G.C. 1984 . “ Achievement motivation in children's sport ” . In The Development of Achievement Motivation , Edited by: Nicholls , J. 251 – 281 . Greenwich, CT : JAI Press .
  • Roberts , G.C. 1992 . “ Motivation in sport and exercise: Conceptual constraints and convergence ” . In Motivation in Sport and Exercise , Edited by: Roberts , G.C. 3 – 30 . Champaign, IL : Human Kinetics .
  • Roberts , G.C. 1993 . “ Motivation in sport: Understanding and enhancing the motivation and achievement of children ” . In Handbook of Research in Sport Psychology , Edited by: Singer , R.N. , Murphey , M. and Tennant , L.K. 405 – 420 . New York : Macmillan .
  • Roberts , G.C. and Balague , G. ( 1989 ). The development of a social-cognitive scale of motivation . Communication to the Seventh World Congress of Sport Psychology , Singapore, July .
  • Roberts , G.C. and Balague , G. ( 1991 ). The development and validation of the Perception of Success Questionnaire . Communication to the 8th European (FEPSAC) Congress , Cologne, Germany, July .
  • Roberts , G.C. and Ommundsen , Y. 1996 . Effect of goal orientations on achievement beliefs, cognitions and strategies in team sport . Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports , 6 : 46 – 56 .
  • Roberts , G.C. and Treasure , D.C. 1995 . Achievement goals, motivational climate, and achievement strategies and behaviours in sport . International Journal of Sport Psychology , 26 : 64 – 80 .
  • Roberts , G.C , Treasure , D.C. and Hall , H.K. 1994 . Parental goal orientations and beliefs about the competitive sport experience of their child . Journal of Applied Social Psychology , 24 : 631 – 645 .
  • Roberts , G.C , Hall , H.K. , Jackson , S.A. , Kimiecik , J.C and Tonymon , P. 1995 . Implicit theories of achievement and the sport experience: Effect of goal orientations on achievement strategies and perspectives . Perceptual and Motor Skills , 81 : 219 – 224 .
  • Roberts , G.C , Treasure , D.C. and Kavussanu , M. 1996 . The orthogonality of achievement goals: Beliefs about success and satisfaction in sport . The Sport Psychologist , 10 : 398 – 408 .
  • Roberts , G.C , Treasure , D.C. and Kavussanu , M. 1997 . “ Motivation in physical activity contexts: An achievement goal perspective ” . In Advances in Motivation and Achievement , Edited by: Maehr , M. and Pintrich , P. Vol. 10 , 413 – 447 . Greenwich, CT : JAI Press .
  • Rupp , M.T and Segal , R. 1989 . Confirmatory factor analysis of a professional scale in pharmacy . Journal oj Social and Administrative Pharmacy , 6 : 31 – 38 .
  • Tabachnick , B.G. and Fidell , L.S. 1996 . Using Multivariate Statistics , Northridge, CA : Harper Collins .
  • Treasure , D.C. and Roberts , G.C. 1994a . Cognitive and affective concomitants of task and ego goal orientations during the middle-school years . Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology , 16 : 15 – 28 .
  • Treasure , D.C. and Roberts , G.C. 1994b . Perception of success questionnaire: Preliminary validation in an adolescent population . Perceptual and Motor Skills , 79 : 607 – 610 .
  • Tucker , L.R. and Lewis , C. 1973 . A reliability coefficient for maximum likelihood factor analysis . Psychometrika , 38 : 1 – 10 .
  • Walling , M.D. ( 1994 ). Children's conceptions of effort and ability in the physical and academic domains . Unpublished doctoral thesis, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN .
  • Walling , M.D. , Duda , J.L. and Chi , L. 1993 . The perceived motivational climate in sport questionnaire: Construct and predictive validity . Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology , 15 : 172 – 183 .
  • Whitehead , J. ( 1987 ). A Study of Adolescent Drop-out and Persistence in Sport in Relation to Subjective Achievement Goals: Phase II . Report to the National Coaching Foundation, Leeds, UK .
  • Whitehead , J. and Smith , A.G. 1996 . Issues in development of a protocol to evaluate children's reasoning about ability and effort in sport . Perceptual and Motor Skills , 83 : 355 – 364 .
  • Yoo , J. and Park , S.J. 1994 . A field test of the achievement goal perspective in sport . Korean Journal of Physical Education , 33 : 14 – 28 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.