Independent representations for cursive and print style: Evidence from dysgraphia in Alzheimer's disease

References

• Basso , A. , Capitani , E. and Laiacona , M. 1987 . Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices and brain damage: Normative values on 305 adult normal controls . Functional Neurology , II : 189 – 194 .
   Google Scholar
• Baxter , D. L. and Warrington , E. K. 1986 . Ideational agraphia: A single case study . Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry , 49 : 369 – 374 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bertolani , L. , De Renzi , E. and Faglioni , P. 1993 . Test di memoria non verbale di impiego diagnostico in clinica: taratura su soggetti normali . Archmio di Psicologia, Neurologia e Psichiatria , 54 : 477 – 486 .
   Google Scholar
• Caramazza , A. , Miceli , G. , Villa , G. and Romani , C. 1987 . The role of the graphemic buffer in spelling: Evidence from a case of acquired dysgraphia . Cognition , 26 : 59 – 86 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Bastiani , P. and Bany , C. 1989 . A cognitive analysis of an acquired dysgraphic patient with an "allographic" writing disorder . Cognitive Neuropsychology , 6 : 25 – 41 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ellis , A. W. 1979 . Slips of the pen . Visible Language , 13 : 265 – 282 .
   Google Scholar
• Ellis , A. W. 1982 . “ Spelling and writing (and reading and speaking) ” . In Normality and pathology in cognitive functions , Edited by: Ellis , A. London : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Ellis , A. W. 1988 . Normal writing processes and peripheral acquired dysgraphias . Language and Cognitive Processes , 3 : 99 – 127 .
   Google Scholar
• ElIis , A. W. , Young , A. W. and Flude , B. M. 1987 . Afferent dysgraphia" in a patient and in normal subjects . Cognitive Neuropsychology , 4 : 465 – 486 .
   Google Scholar
• Ferradini , F. G. and Vassena , A. 1974 . Scab d'lntelligenxa Wechsler per Adula , Firenze, , Italy : Organizzazioni Special! .
   Google Scholar
• Folstein , M. F. , Folstein , S. E. and McHugh , P. R. 1975 . Mini-Mental State. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician . Journal of Psychiatry Research , 12 : 189 – 198 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gilmore , G. C. , Hersh , H. , Caramazza , A. and Griffin , J. 1979 . Multidimensional letter similarity derived from recognition errors . Perception and Psychophysics , 25 : 425 – 431 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodman , R. and Caramazza , A. 1986 . Aspects of the spelling process: Evidence from a case of acquired dysgraphia . Language and Cognitive Processes , 1 : 263 – 296 .
   Google Scholar
• Hanley , J. R. and Petere , S. 1996 . A dissociation between the ability to print and write cursively in lower-case letters . Cortex , 32 : 737 – 745 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hughes , C. P. , Berg , L. , Dazinger , W. L. , Cohen , LA. and Martin , R. L. 1982 . A new clinical scale for the staging of dementia . British Journal of Psychiatry , 140 : 566 – 572 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kartsounis , L. D. 1992 . Selective lower-case letter ideational dysgraphia . Cortex , 28 : 145 – 150 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kinsbourne , M. and Rosenfield , D. 1974 . Agraphia selective for written spelling . Brain and Language , 1 : 215 – 225 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kinsbourne , M. and Warrington , E. 1965 . A case showing selectively impaired oral spelling . Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neuroscience , 28 : 563 – 566 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lebrun , Y. 1985 . Disturbances of written language and associated abilities following damage to the right hemisphere . Applied Psycbolinguistics , 6 : 231 – 260 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Margolin , D. 1984 . The neuropsychology of writing and spelling: Semantic, phonological, motor and perceptual processes . Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology , 36A : 459 – 489 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Margolin , D. I. and Goodman-Schulman , R. 1992 . “ Oral and written spelling impairments ” . In Cognitive neuropsychology in clinical practice , Edited by: Margol , D. I. 263 – 297 . Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• McKhann , G. , Drachmen , D. , Folstein , M. , Katzman , R. , Price , D. and Stadlan , EM. 1984 . Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: Report of the NINCDS/ ADRDA work group under the auspices of the Department of Health and Human Services taskforce on Alzheimer's disease . Neurology , 34 : 939 – 944 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patterson , K. and Wing , A. 1989 . Processes in handwriting: A case for case . Cognitive Neuropsychology , 6 : 1 – 23 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rapp , B. and Caramazza , A. 1997 . From graphemes to abstract letter shapes: levels of representation in written spelling . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance , 23 : 1130 – 1152 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raven , J. C. 1938 . Standard Progressive Matrices: Sets A, B, C, D, and E , London : H. K. Lewis .
   Google Scholar
• Raven , J. C. 1965 . Guide to using the Coloured Progressive Matrices , London : Lewis .
   Google Scholar
• Rey , A. 1941 . L'examen psychologique dans les cas d'encéphalopathie traumatique . Archives de Psychologie , 28 : 286 – 340 .
   Google Scholar
• Sartori , G. 1984 . La lettura , Bologna, , Italy : IlMulino .
   Google Scholar
• Silveri , M. C. 1996 . Peripheral aspects of-writing can be differentially affected by sensorial and attentional defect Evidence from a patient with afferent dysgraphia and case dissociation . Cortex , 32 : 155 – 172 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spinnler , H. and Tognoni , G. 1987 . Standardizzazione e taratura italiana di test neuropsicologici . Italian Journal of Neurological Sciences , 6 : 1 – 120 . Suppl 8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Trojano , L. and Chiacchio , L. 1994 . Pure dysgraphia with relative sparing of lower-case writing . Cortex , 30 : 499 – 507 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zettin , M. , Cubelli , R. , Perino , C. and Rago , R. 1995 . Impairment of letter formation-the case of ideomotor apraxic agraphia . Aphaisology , 9 : 283 – 294 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar