Simulating posterior parietal damage in a biologically plausible framework: Neuropsychological tests of the search over time and space model

REFERENCES

• Abeles , A. 1991 . Corticonics. Neural circuits of the cerebral cortex , Cambridge, , UK : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Agter , A. and Donk , M. 2005 . Prioritized selection in visual search through onset capture and color inhibition: Evidence from a probe-dot detection task . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance , 31 : 722 – 730 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahmed , B. , Anderson , J. , Douglas , R. , Martin , K. and Whitteridge , D. 1998 . Estimates of the net excitatory currents evoked by visual simulation of identified neurons in cat visual cortex . Cerebral Cortex , 8 : 462 – 476 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allen , H. A. and Humphreys , G. W. 2007 . A psychological investigation into the preview benefit in visual search . Vision Research , 47 : 735 – 745 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson, G. M., Heinke, D. G., & Humphreys, G. W. (in press). Featural guidance in conjunction search: The contrast between orientation and color. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance.
   Google Scholar
• Batelli , L. , Cavanagh , P. and Thornton , I. M. 2003 . Perception of biological motion in parietal patients . Neuropsychologia , 41 : 1808 – 1816 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Baylis , G. C. , Driver , J. and Rafal , R. D. 1993 . Visual extinction and stimulus repetition . Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience , 5 ( 4 ) : 453 – 466 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baylis , G. C. , Gore , C. L. , Rodriguez , P. D. and Shisler , R. J. 2001 . Visual extinction and awareness: The importance of binding dorsal and ventral pathways . Visual Cognition , 8 : 359 – 379 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baylis , G. C. , Simon , S. L. , Baylis , G. C. and Rorden , C. 2002 . Visual extinction with double simultaneous stimulation: What is simultaneous? . Neuropsy-chologia , 40 ( 7 ) : 1027 – 1034 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bisiach , E. and Vallar , E. 2000 . “ Unilateral neglect in humans ” . In Handbook of neurophysiology , Edited by: Boller , F. and Grafman , J. 459 – 502 . Amsterdam: Elsevier .
   Google Scholar
• Braithwaite , J. J. and Humphreys , G. W. 2003 . Inhibition and anticipation in visual search: Evidence from effects of color foreknowledge on preview search . Perception & Psychophysics , 65 : 213 – 237 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braithwaite , J. J. , Humphreys , G. W. and Hulleman , J. 2005 . Color-based grouping and inhibition in visual search: Evidence from a probe-detection analysis of preview search . Perception & Psychophysics , 67 : 81 – 101 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brooks , G. A. , Fahey , T. D. and Kenneth , M. 2005 . Exercise physiology: Human bioenergetics and its applications , Boston, MA : McGraw-Hill .
   Google Scholar
• Brunel , N. and Wang , X. 2001 . Effects of neuromodulation in a cortical networks model of object working memory dominated by current inhibition . Journal of Computational Neuroscience , 11 : 63 – 85 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bundesen , C. , Habekost , T. and Kyllingsbaek , S. 2005 . A neural theory of visual attention: Bridging cognition and neurophysiology . Psychological Review , 112 : 291 – 328 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cinel , C. and Humphreys , G. W. 2006 . On the relations between implicit and explicit spatial binding: Evidence from Balint's syndrome . Cognitive, Affective and Behavioral Neuroscience , 6 ( 2 ) : 127 – 140 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cohen , A. and Rafal , R. D. 1991 . Attention and feature integration—illusory conjunctions in a patient with a parietal lobe lesion . Psychological Science , 2 : 106 – 110 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Critchley , M. 1953 . The parietal lobes , London : Edward Arnold .
   Google Scholar
• Deco , G. and Rolls , E. 2005 . Neurodynamics of biased competition and cooperation for attention: A model with spiking neuron . Journal of Neurophysiology , 94 : 295 – 313 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Deco , G. , Rolls , E. and Horwitz , B. 2004 . Integrating fMRI and single-cell data if visual working memory . Neurocomputing , 58/60 : 729 – 737 .
   Google Scholar
• Deco , G. and Zihl , J. 2001 . Top-down selective visual attention: A neurodynamical approach . Visual Cognition , 8 ( 1 ) : 119 – 140 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Pellegrino , G. , Basso , G. and Frassinetti , F. 1997 . Spatial extinction on double asynchronous stimulation . Neuropsychologia , 35 ( 9 ) : 1215 – 1223 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Pellegrino , G. , Basso , G. and Frassinetti , F. 1998 . Visual extinction as a spatio-temporal disorder of selective attention . Cognitive Neuroscience , 9 ( 5 ) : 835 – 839 .
   Google Scholar
• Duncan , J. , Bundesen , C. , Olson , A. , Humphreys , G. W. , Chavda , S. and Shibuya , H. 1999 . Systematic analysis of deficits in visual attention . Journal of Experimental Psychology , 128 : 1 – 29 .
   Google Scholar
• Duncan , J. and Humphreys , G. W. 1989 . Visual search and stimulus similarity . Psychological Review , 96 : 433 – 458 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duncan , J. , Humphreys , G. W. and Ward , R. 1997 . Competitive brain activity in visual attention . Current Opinion in Neurobiology , 7 : 255 – 261 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eglin , M. , Robertson , L. C. and Rafal , R. D. 1989 . Visual search performance in the neglect syndrome . Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience , 1 : 372 – 385 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ellis , R. and Humphreys , G. W. 1999 . Connectionist psychology , Hove, , UK : Psychology Press .
   Google Scholar
• Forti , S. and Humphreys , G. W. 2005 . Cross-modal visuo-tactile matching in a patient with a semantic disorder . Neuropsychologia , 43 ( 11 ) : 1568 – 1579 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Friedman-Hill , S. R. , Robertson , L. C. and Treisman , A. 1995 . Parietal contributions to visual feature binding—evidence from a patient with bilateral lesions . Science , 269 : 853 – 855 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gilchrist , I. , Humphreys , G. W. and Riddoch , M. J. 1996 . Grouping and extinction: Evidence for low level modulation of selection . Cognitive Neuropsychology , 13 : 1223 – 1256 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heinke , D. , Deco , G. , Zihl , J. and Humphreys , G. W. 2002 . A computational neuroscience account of visual neglect . Neurocomputing , 44 : 811 – 816 .
   Google Scholar
• Heinke , D. and Humphreys , G. 2003 . Attention, spatial representation and visual neglect: Simulating emergent attention and spatial memory in the selective attention for identification model (SAIM) . Psychological Review , 110 : 29 – 87 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hestrin , S. , Sah , P. and Nicoll , R. 1990 . Mechanisms generating the time course of dual component excitatory synaptic currents recorded in hippocampal slices . Neuron , 5 : 247 – 253 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hodsoll , J. and Humphreys , G. W. 2001 . Driving attention with the top down: The relative contribution of target templates to the linear separability effect in the size dimension . Perception & Psychophysics , 63 : 918 – 926 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Humphreys , G. 1998 . Neural representation of objects in space: A dual coding account . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences , 353 : 1341 – 1351 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Humphreys , G. W. 2001 . A multi-stage account of binding in vision: Neuropsychological evidence . Visual Cognition , 8 : 381 – 410 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Humphreys , G. W. , Hodsoll , J. and Riddoch , M. J. 2009a . Fractionating the binding process: Neuropsychological evidence from reversed search efficiencies . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance , 35 : 627 – 647 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Humphreys , G. W. , Jung Stalmann , B. and Olivers , C. N. L. 2004 . An analysis of the time course of attention in preview search . Perception and Psychophysics , 66 ( 5 ) : 713 – 730 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Humphreys , G. W. , Mavritsaki , E. , Heinke , D. G. and Deco , G. 2009b . “ Application of neural-level model to human visual search: Modelling the whole system behaviour, neuropsychological break down and BOLD signal activation ” . In Bridging the gap between physiology and cognition , Edited by: Heinke , D. G. and Mavritsaki , E. Hove, , UK : Psychology Press .
   Google Scholar
• Humphreys , G. W. and Müller , H. J. 1993 . SEarch via Recursive Rejection (SERR): A connectionist model of visual search . Cognitive Psychology , 25 : 43 – 110 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Humphreys , G. W. , Olivers , C. N. L. and Braithwaite , J. J. 2006a . The time course of preview search with color-defined, not luminance-defined stimuli . Perception & Psychophysics , 68 ( 8 ) : 1351 – 1358 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Humphreys , G. W. , Olivers , C. N. L. and Yoon , E. Y. 2006b . An onset advantage without a preview benefit: Neuropsychological evidence separating onset and preview effects in search . Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience , 18 ( 1 ) : 110 – 120 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Humphreys , G. W. and Price , C. J. 1994 . Visual feature discrimination in simultanagnosia: A study of two cases . Cognitive Neuropsychology , 11 : 393 – 434 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Humphreys , G. W. and Riddoch , M. J. 1993 . “ Interactions between object and space vision revealed through neuropsychology ” . In Attention and Performance XIV , Edited by: Meyer , D. E. and Kornblum , S. Hillsdale, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates .
   Google Scholar
• Humphreys , G. W. and Riddoch , M. J. 1994 . Attention to within-object and between-object spatial representations: Multiple sites for visual selection . Cognitive Neuropsychology , 11 ( 2 ) : 207
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Humphreys , G. W. and Riddoch , M. J. 1995 . Separate coding of space within and between perceptual objects: Evidence from unilateral visual neglect . Cognitive Neuropsychology , 12 : 283 – 312 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Humphreys , G. W. , Watelet , A. and Riddoch , M. J. 2006c . Long-term effects of prism adaptation in chronic visual neglect: A single case study . Cognitive Neuropsychology , 23 ( 3 ) : 463 – 478 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Humphreys , G. W. , Watson , D. G. and Joliceour , P. 2002 . Fractionating visual marking: Dual task decomposition of the marking state by timing and modality . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance , 28 : 640 – 660 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Husain , M. , Mannan , S. , Hodgson , T. , Wojciulik , E. , Driver , J. and Kennard , C. 2001 . Impaired spatial working memory across saccades contributes to abnormal search in parietal neglect . Brain , 124 ( 5 ) : 941 – 952 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Husain , M. and Rorden , C. 2003 . Non-spatially lateralized mechanisms in hemispatial neglect . Nature Reviews. Neuroscience , 4 : 26 – 36 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Husain , M. , Shapiro , K. , Martin , J. and Kennard , C. 1997 . Abnormal temporal dynamics of visual attention in spatial neglect patients . Nature , 385 : 154 – 156 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Itti , L. and Koch , C. 2000 . A saliency-based search mechanism for overt and covert shifts of visual attention . Vision Research , 40 : 1489 – 1506 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jahr , C. and Stevens , C. 1990 . Voltage-dependence of NMDA-activated macroscopic conductances predicted by single -channel kinetics . Journal of Neuroscience , 10 : 3178 – 3182 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karnath , H. O. 1988 . Deficits of attention in acute and recovered visual hemi-neglect . Neuropsychologia , 26 : 27 – 43 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karnath , H. O. , Himmelbach , M. and Kuker , W. 2003 . The cortical substrate of visual extinction . Neuroreport , 14 : 437 – 442 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kitadono , K. and Humphreys , G. W. 2007 . Interaction between perception and action programming . Cognitive Neuropsychology , 24 : 731 – 754 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumada , T. and Humphreys , G. W. 2001 . Lexical recovery from extinction: Interactions between visual form and stored knowledge modulate visual selection . Cognitive Neuropsychology , 18 ( 5 ) : 465 – 478 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ladavas , E. , Petronio , A. and Umilta , C. 1990 . The deployment of visual attention in the intact field of hemineglect patients . Cortex , 26 : 353 – 366 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu , Y. and Wang , X. 2001 . Spike-frequency adaptation of a generalized leaky integrate-and-fire model neuron . Journal of Computational Neuroscience , 10 : 25 – 45 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Madison , D. and Nicoll , R. 1984 . Control of the repetitive discharge of rate ca1 pyramidal neurons in vitro . Journal of Physiology , 345 : 319 – 331 .
   Google Scholar
• Malhotra , P. , Parton , A. D. , Greenwood , R. and Husain , M. 2005 . Noradrenergic modulation of space exploration in visual neglect . Annals of Neurology , 59 : 186 – 190 .
   Google Scholar
• Mattingley , J. B. , Davis , G. and Driver , J. 1997 . Pre-attentive filling-in of visual surfaces in parietal extinction . Science , 275 : 671 – 674 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mavritsaki , E. , Heinke , D. , Humphreys , G. W. and Deco , G. 2006 . A computational model of visual marking using an interconnected network of spiking neurons: The spiking search over time & space model (sSoTS) . Journal of Physiology Paris , 100 : 110 – 124 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mavritsaki, E., Heinke, D., Humphreys, G., & Deco, G. (2007). Suppressive effects in visual search: A neurocomputational analysis of preview search. Neurocomputing
   Google Scholar
• McCormick , D. , Connors , B. , Loghthall , J. and Prince , D. 1985 . Comparative electrophysiology of pyramidal and sparsely spiny stellate neurons in the neocortex . Journal of Neurophysiology , 54 : 782 – 806 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mozer , M. C. and Behrmann , M. 1990 . On the interaction of selective attention and lexical knowledge: A connectionist account of neglect dyslexia . Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience , 2 : 96 – 123 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mozer , M. C. , Halligan , P. W. and Marshall , J. C. 1997 . The end of the line for a brain damaged model of unilateral neglect . Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience , 9 : 171 – 190 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olivers , C. and Humphreys , G. W. 2002 . When visual marking meets the attentional blink: More evidence for top-down limited capacity inhibition . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance , 28 : 22 – 42 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olivers , C. N. L. and Humphreys , G. W. 2004 . Spatiotemporal segregation in visual search: Evidence from parietal lesions . Journal of Experimental Psychology , 30 ( 4 ) : 667 – 688 .
   Google Scholar
• Posner , M. and Cohen , Y. 1984 . “ Components of visual orienting ” . In Attention and Performance X: Control of language processes , Edited by: Bouma , H. and Bouwhuis , D. Hove, , UK : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates .
   Google Scholar
• Posner , M. I. and Petersen , S. E. 1990 . The attention system of the human brain . Annual Review of Neuroscience , 13 : 25 – 42 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pouget , A. and Sejnowski , T. J. 1997 . A new view of hemineglect case on the response properties of parietal neurons . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences , B352 : 1449 – 1459 .
   Google Scholar
• Rees , D. , Backus , B. and Heeger , D. 2000 . Activity in primary visual cortex predicts performance in a visual detection task . Nature Neuroscience , 3 : 940 – 945 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Riddoch , M. J. and Humphreys , G. W. 1987 . “ Perceptual and action systems in unilateral neglect ” . In Neurophysiological and neuropsychological aspects of spatial neglect , Edited by: Jeannerod , M. Amsterdam : Elsevier Science .
   Google Scholar
• Riddoch , M. J. , Humphreys , G. W. , Edwards , S. , Baker , T. and Willson , K. 2003 . Seeing the action: Neuropsychological evidence for action-based effects on object selection . Nature Neuroscience , 6 ( 1 ) : 82 – 89 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robertson , I. H. 1994 . “ The rehabilitation of attentional and hemi-inattentional disorders ” . In Cognitive neuropsychology and cognitive rehabilitation , Edited by: Riddoch , M. J. and Humphreys , G. W. 173 – 186 . Hove, , UK : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Ltd .
   Google Scholar
• Robertson , I. H. and Manley , T. 1999 . “ Sustained attention deficits in time and space ” . In Attention, space and action: Studies in cognitive neuroscience , Edited by: Humphreys , G. W. , Duncan , J. and Treisman , A. 279 – 310 . Oxford, , UK : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Robertson , I. H. , Mattingley , J. B. , Rorden , C. and Driver , J. 1998 . Phasic alerting of neglect patients overcomes their spatial deficit in visual awareness . Nature , 396 ( 10 ) : 169 – 172 .
   Google Scholar
• Robertson , L. C. , Treisman , A. , Friedman-Hill , S. R. and Grabowecky , M. 1997 . The interaction of spatial and object pathways: Evidence from Balint's syndrome . Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience , 9 : 295 – 317 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rolls , E. and Deco , G. 2002 . Computational neuroscience of vision , Oxford, , UK : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Rolls , E. and Treves , A. 1998 . Neural networks and brain function , Oxford, , UK : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Salin , P. and Prince , D. 1996 . Spontaneous GABA-a receptor mediated inhibitory currents in adult rat somatosensory cortex . Journal of Neurophysiology , 75 : 1573 – 1588 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Seidenberg , M. S. and McClelland , J. L. 1989 . A distributed, developmental model of word recognition and naming . Psychological Review , 96 ( 4 ) : 523 – 568 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sejnowski , T. J. 1986 . “ Open questions about computation in cerebral cortex ” . In Parallel distributed processing: Psychological and biological models , Edited by: McClelland , J. L. and Rumelhart , D. E. Vol. 2 , Cambridge, MA : MIT Press .
   Google Scholar
• Servan-Schreiber , D. , Printz , H. and Cohen , J. D. 1990 . A network model of catecholamine effects gain signal to noise ratio and behavior . Science , 249 ( 4971 ) : 892 – 895 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Snow , J. and Mattingley , J. B. 2006 . Goal-driven selective attention in patients with right hemisphere lesions: How intact is the ipsilesional field? . Brain Research Reviews , 129 ( 1 ) : 168 – 181 .
   Google Scholar
• Spruston , N. , Jonas , P. and Sakmann , B. 1995 . Dendritic glutamate receptor channel in rat hippocampal ca3 and ca1 pyramidal neurons . Journal of Physiology , 482 : 325 – 352 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Treisman , A. and Gelade , G. 1980 . A feature-integration theory of attention . Cognitive Psychology , 12 : 97 – 136 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tuckwell , H. 1998 . Introduction to theoretical neurobiology , Cambridge, , UK : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Ward , R. , Goodrich , S. and Driver , J. 1994 . Grouping reduces visual extinction: Neuropsychological evidence for weight-linkage in visual selection . Visual Cognition , 1 : 101 – 130 .
   Google Scholar
• Watson , D. and Humphreys , G. 1997 . Visual marking: Prioritizing selection for new objects by top-down attentional inhibition of old objects . Psychological Review , 104 : 90 – 122 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watson , D. and Humphreys , G. 2000 . Visual marking: Evidence for inhibition using probe-dot detection paradigm . Perception and Psychophysics , 62 : 471 – 480 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watson , D. , Humphreys , G. and Olivers , C. 2003 . Visual marking: Using time in visual selection . Trends in Cognitive Sciences , 7 ( 4 ) : 180 – 186 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson , B. A. , Cockburn , J. and Halligan , P. 1987 . The behavioral inattention test , Bury St. Edmunds, , UK : Thames Valley Test Company .
   Google Scholar
• Wilson , F. , O'Scalaidhe , S. and Goldman-Rakic , P. Functional synergism between putative gamma-aminobutyrate-containing neurons in pyramidal neurons in prefrontal cortex . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . Vol. 91 , pp. 4009 – 4013 .
   Google Scholar
• Wojciulik , E. , Husain , M. , Clarke , K. and Driver , J. 2001 . Spatial working memory deficit in unilateral neglect . Neuropsychologia , 39 : 390 – 396 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wojciulik , E. and Kanwisher , N. 1998 . Implicit visual attribute binding following bilateral parietal damage . Visual Cognition , 5 : 157 – 181 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolfe , J. W. 1994 . Guided search 2.0: A revised model of visual search . Psychonomic Bulletin and Review , 1 ( 2 ) : 202 – 238 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xiang , Z. , Huguenard , H. and Prince , D. 1998 . GABA-a receptor mediated currents in interneurons and pyramidal cells of rat visual cortex . Journal of Physiology , 506 : 715 – 730 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar