253
Views
3
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Interactions between the perception of age and ethnicity in faces: an event-related potential study

, , , , &
Pages 368-384 | Received 05 Nov 2014, Accepted 09 Jun 2015, Published online: 30 Jul 2015

References

  • Amishav, R., & Kimchi, R. (2010). Perceptual integrality of componential and configural information in faces. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 17(5), 743–748. doi:10.3758/PBR.17.5.74317/5/743
  • Anllo-Vento, L., & Hillyard, S. A. (1996). Selective attention to the color and direction of moving stimuli: Electrophysiological correlates of hierarchical feature selection. Perception & Psychophysics, 58(2), 191–206. doi: 10.3758/BF03211875
  • Atkinson, A. P., Tipples, J., Burt, D. M., & Young, A. W. (2005). Asymmetric interference between sex and emotion in face perception. Perception & Psychophysics, 67(7), 1199–1213. doi:10.3758/Bf03193553
  • Bahrick, H. P., Bahrick, P. O., & Wittlinger, R. P. (1975). Fifty years of memory for names and faces: A cross-sectional approach. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 104(1), 54–75. doi: 10.1037/0096-3445.104.1.54
  • Baudouin, J. Y., Martin, F., Tiberghien, G., Verlut, I., & Franck, N. (2002). Selective attention to facial emotion and identity in schizophrenia. Neuropsychologia, 40(5), 503–511. doi: 10.1016/S0028-3932(01)00114-2
  • Bentin, S., Allison, T., Puce, A., Perez, E., & McCarthy, G. (1996). Electrophysiological studies of face perception in humans. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 8(6), 551–565. doi:10.1162/jocn.1996.8.6.551
  • Bentin, S., & Deouell, L. Y. (2000). Structural encoding and identification in face processing: ERP evidence for separate mechanisms. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 17(1), 35–55. doi:10.1080/026432900380472
  • Bestelmeyer, P. E. G., Jones, B. C., DeBruine, L. M., Little, A. C., Perrett, D. I., Schneider, A., … Conway, C. (2008). Sex-contingent face aftereffects depend on perceptual category rather than structural encoding. Cognition, 107, 353–365. doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2007.07.018
  • Boenke, L. T., Ohl, F. W., Nikolaev, A. R., Lachmann, T., & Leeuwen, C. (2009). Different time courses of Stroop and Garner effects in perception--an event-related potentials study. Neuroimage, 45(4), 1272–1288. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.01.019
  • Botzel, K., Schulze, S., & Stodieck, S. R. G. (1995). Scalp topography and analysis of intracranial sources of face-evoked potentials. Experimental Brain Research, 104(1), 135–143. doi: 10.1007/BF00229863
  • Brainard, D. H. (1997). The psychophysics toolbox. Spatial Vision, 10(4), 433–436. doi: 10.1163/156856897X00357
  • Bruce, V., & Young, A. (1986). Understanding face recognition. British Journal of Psychology, 77(Pt 3), 305–327. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8295.1986.tb02199.x
  • Burt, D. M., & Perrett, D. I. (1995). Perception of age in adult Caucasian male faces: Computer graphic manipulation of shape and colour information. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 259(1355), 137–143. doi:10.1098/rspb.1995.0021
  • Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • Caclin, A., McAdams, S., Smith, B. K., & Giard, M. H. (2008). Interactive processing of timbre dimensions: An exploration with event-related potentials. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 20(1), 49–64. doi:10.1162/jocn.2008.20001
  • Campanella, S., & Belin, P. (2007). Integrating face and voice in person perception. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 11(12), 535–543. doi:10.1016/j.tics.2007.10.001
  • Ciecko-Michalska, I., Senderecka, M., Szewczyk, J., Panasiuk, A., Slowik, A., Wyczesany, M., … Mach, T. (2006). Event-related cerebral potentials for the diagnosis of subclinical hepatic encephalopathy in patients with liver cirrhosis. Advances in Medical Sciences, 51, 273–277.
  • Dalrymple, K. A., Oruc, I., Duchaine, B., Pancaroglu, R., Fox, C. J., Iaria, G., … Barton, J. J. S. (2011). The anatomic basis of the right face-selective N170 IN acquired prosopagnosia: A combined ERP/fMRI study. Neuropsychologia, 49(9), 2553–2563. doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.05.003
  • Deffke, I., Sander, T., Heidenreich, J., Sommer, W., Curio, G., Trahms, L., & Lueschow, A. (2007). MEG/EEG sources of the 170-ms response to faces are co-localized in the fusiform gyrus. Neuroimage, 35(4), 1495–1501. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.01.034
  • Delorme, A., & Makeig, S. (2004). EEGLAB: An open source toolbox for analysis of single-trial EEG dynamics including independent component analysis. Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 134(1), 9–21. doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2003.10.009
  • Ebner, N. C., He, Y., Fichtenholtz, H. M., McCarthy, G., & Johnson, M. K. (2011). Electrophysiological correlates of processing faces of younger and older individuals. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 6(4), 526–535. doi:10.1093/scan/nsq074
  • Fedok, F. G. (1996). The aging face. Facial Plastic Surgery, 12(2), 107–115. doi:10.1055/s-0028-1082402
  • Feng, L., Liu, J., Wang, Z., Li, J., Li, L., Ge, L., … Lee, K. (2011). The other face of the other-race effect: An fMRI investigation of the other-race face categorization advantage. Neuropsychologia, 49(13), 3739–3749. doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.09.031
  • Fox, C. J., & Barton, J. J. (2007). What is adapted in face adaptation? The neural representations of expression in the human visual system. Brain Research, 1127(1), 80–89. doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2006.09.104
  • Fox, C. J., Hanif, H. M., Iaria, G., Duchaine, B. C., & Barton, J. J. (2011). Perceptual and anatomic patterns of selective deficits in facial identity and expression processing. Neuropsychologia, 49(12), 3188–3200. doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.07.018
  • Fox, C. J., Moon, S. Y., Iaria, G., & Barton, J. J. (2009). The correlates of subjective perception of identity and expression in the face network: An fMRI adaptation study. Neuroimage, 44(2), 569–580. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.09.011
  • Fox, C. J., Oruç, I., & Barton, J. J. (2008). It doesn't matter how you feel. The facial identity aftereffect is invariant to changes in facial expression. Journal of Vision, 8(3), 11–13. Retrieved from http://journalofvision.org/8/3/11/. doi:10.1167/8.3.11
  • Ganel, T., & Goshen-Gottstein, Y. (2002). Perceptual integrality of sex and identity of faces: Further evidence for the single-route hypothesis. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 28(4), 854–867.
  • Ganel, T., & Goshen-Gottstein, Y. (2004). Effects of familiarity on the perceptual integrality of the identity and expression of faces: The parallel-route hypothesis revisited. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 30(3), 583–597. doi:10.1037/0096-1523.30.3.583
  • Ganel, T., Valyear, K. F., Goshen-Gottstein, Y., & Goodale, M. A. (2005). The involvement of the “fusiform face area” in processing facial expression. Neuropsychologia, 43(11), 1645–1654. doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2005.01.012
  • Garner, W. R. (1974). The processing of information and structure. Potomac, MD.: L. Erlbaum Associates; distributed by Halsted Press, New York.
  • Garner, W. R. (1976). Interaction of stimulus dimensions in concept and choice processes. Cognitive Psychology, 8, 98–123. doi: 10.1016/0010-0285(76)90006-2
  • George, P. A., & Hole, G. J. (1995). Factors influencing the accuracy of age estimates of unfamiliar faces. Perception, 24(9), 1059–1073. doi: 10.1068/p241059
  • Golby, A. J., Gabrieli, J. D., Chiao, J. Y., & Eberhardt, J. L. (2001). Differential responses in the fusiform region to same-race and other-race faces. Nature Neuroscience, 4(8), 845–850. doi:10.1038/90565
  • Graham, R., & LaBar, K. S. (2007). Garner interference reveals dependencies between emotional expression and gaze in face perception. Emotion, 7(2), 296–313. doi:10.1037/1528-3542.7.2.296
  • Harel, A., & Bentin, S. (2009). Stimulus type, level of categorization, and spatial-frequencies utilization: Implications for perceptual categorization hierarchies. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 35(4), 1264–1273. doi:10.1037/a0013621
  • Hattie, J. (2009). Visible learning. London: Routledge.
  • Haxby, J. V., Hoffman, E. A., & Gobbini, M. I. (2000). The distributed human neural system for face perception. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 4(6), 223–233. doi: 10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01482-0
  • Ishai, A., Schmidt, C. F., & Boesiger, P. (2005). Face perception is mediated by a distributed cortical network. Brain Research Bulletin, 67(1–2), 87–93. doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2005.05.027
  • Ito, T. A., & Urland, G. R. (2005). The influence of processing objectives on the perception of faces: An ERP study of race and gender perception. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 5(1), 21–36. doi: 10.3758/CABN.5.1.21
  • Jeffreys, D. A. (1989). A face-responsive potential recorded from the human scalp. Experimental Brain Research, 78(1), 193–202. doi: 10.1007/BF00230699
  • Joyce, C., & Rossion, B. (2005). The face-sensitive N170 and VPP components manifest the same brain processes: The effect of reference electrode site. Clinical Neurophysiology, 116(11), 2613–2631. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2005.07.005
  • Kaganovich, N., Francis, A. L., & Melara, R. D. (2006). Electrophysiological evidence for early interaction between talker and linguistic information during speech perception. Brain Research, 1114(1), 161–172. doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2006.07.049
  • Karnadewi, F., & Lipp, O. V. (2011). The processing of invariant and variant face cues in the Garner Paradigm: Interaction between race, age, and sex and emotional expressions. Emotion, 11(3), 563–571. doi:10.1037/a0021333
  • Kaufmann, J. M., & Schweinberger, S. R. (2005). Speaker variations influence speechreading speed for dynamic faces. Perception, 34(5), 595–610. doi: 10.1068/p5104
  • Key, A. P., Ibanez, L. V., Henderson, H. A., Warren, Z., Messinger, D. S., & Stone, W. L. (2014). Positive affect processing and joint attention in infants at high risk for Autism: An exploratory study. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. doi:10.1007/s10803-014-2191-x
  • Kimchi, R., Behrmann, M., Avidan, G., & Amishav, R. (2012). Perceptual separability of featural and configural information in congenital prosopagnosia. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 29(5–6), 447–463. doi:10.1080/02643294.2012.752723
  • Kotterba, S., Rasche, K., Widdig, W., Duscha, C., Blombach, S., Schultze-Werninghaus, G., & Malin, J. P. (1998). Neuropsychological investigations and event-related potentials in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome before and during CPAP-therapy. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 159(1), 45–50. doi:10.1016/S0022-510x(98)00131-2
  • Krebs, J. F., Biswas, A., Pascalis, O., Kamp-Becker, I., Remschmidt, H., & Schwarzer, G. (2011). Face processing in children with autism spectrum disorder: Independent or interactive processing of facial identity and facial expression? Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41(6), 796–804. doi:10.1007/s10803-010-1098-4
  • Kubota, J. T., & Ito, T. A. (2007). Multiple cues in social perception: The time course of processing race and facial expression. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. 43(5), 738–752. doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2006.10.023
  • Lai, M., Oruc, I., & Barton, J. J. (2010). Facial age after-effects show partial identity invariance and transfer from hands to faces. Cortex. doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2010.11.014
  • Lai, M., Oruc, I., & Barton, J. J. S. (2013). The role of skin texture and facial shape in representations of age and identity. Cortex, 49(1), 252–265. doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2011.09.010
  • Le Gal, P. M., & Bruce, V. (2002). Evaluating the independence of sex and expression in judgments of faces. Perception & Psychophysics, 64(2), 230–243. doi: 10.3758/BF03195789
  • Lew, H., Chmiel, R., Jerger, J., Pomerantz, J. R., & Jerger, S. (1997). Electrophysiologic indices of Stroop and Garner interference reveal linguistic influences on auditory and visual processing. J Am Acad Audiol, 8(2), 104–118.
  • Liu, Q., Liu, L., He, H., & Zhou, S. (2007). Spatiotemporal pattern analysis of event-related potentials elicited by emotional Stroop task. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao, 27(5), 608–610.
  • MacKay, D. M., & Jeffreys, D. A. (1973). Visually evoked potentials and visual perception in man. In R. Jung (Ed.), Handbook of sensory physiology (pp. 674–678). Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
  • McGraw, K. O., Durm, M. W., & Durnam, M. R. (1989). The relative salience of sex, race, age, and glasses in children's social perception. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 150(3), 251–267. doi:10.1080/00221325.1989.9914595
  • Melara, R. D., & Mounts, J. R. (1993). Selective attention to Stroop dimensions: Effects of baseline discriminability, response mode, and practice. Memory & Cognition, 21(5), 627–645. doi: 10.3758/BF03197195
  • Mian, J. F., & Mondloch, C. J. (2012). Recognizing identity in the face of change: the development of an expression-independent representation of facial identity. J Vis, 12(7). doi:10.1167/12.7.1717
  • Minear, M., & Park, D. C. (2004). A lifespan database of adult facial stimuli. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 36(4), 630–633. doi: 10.3758/BF03206543
  • Mouchetant-Rostaing, Y., & Giard, M. H. (2003). Electrophysiological correlates of age and gender perception on human faces. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 15(6), 900–910. doi:10.1162/089892903322370816
  • Pomerantz, J. R. (1983). Global and local precedence: Selective attention in form and motion perception. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 112(4), 516–540. doi: 10.1037/0096-3445.112.4.516
  • Prieto, E. A., Caharel, S., Henson, R., & Rossion, B. (2011). Early (N170/M170) face-sensitivity despite right lateral occipital brain damage in acquired prosopagnosia. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 5, 138. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2011.00138
  • Quinn, K. A., & Macrae, C. N. (2005). Categorizing others: The dynamics of person construal. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 88(3), 467–479. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.88.3.467
  • Rossion, B., Joyce, C. A., Cottrell, G. W., & Tarr, M. J. (2003). Early lateralization and orientation tuning for face, word, and object processing in the visual cortex. Neuroimage, 20(3), 1609–1624. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.07.010
  • Sadeh, B., Podlipsky, I., Zhdanov, A., & Yovel, G. (2010). Event-related potential and functional MRI measures of face-selectivity are highly correlated: A simultaneous ERP-fMRI investigation. Human Brain Mapping, 31(10), 1490–1501. doi:10.1002/hbm.20952
  • Sankoh, A. J., Huque, M. F., & Dubey, S. D. (1997). Some comments on frequently used multiple endpoint adjustment methods in clinical trials. Statistics in Medicine, 16(22), 2529–2542. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19971130)16:22<2529::AID-SIM692>3.0.CO;2-J
  • Schweinberger, S. R., Burton, A. M., & Kelly, S. W. (1999). Asymmetric dependencies in perceiving identity and emotion: Experiments with morphed faces. Perception & Psychophysics, 61(6), 1102–1115. doi:10.3758/BF03207617
  • Schweinberger, S. R., & Soukup, G. R. (1998). Asymmetric relationships among perceptions of facial identity, emotion, and facial speech. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 24(6), 1748–1765. doi:10.1037/0096-1523.24.6.1748
  • Sergent, J., & Poncet, M. (1990). From covert to overt recognition of faces in a prosopagnosic patient. Brain, 113, 989–1004. doi: 10.1093/brain/113.4.989
  • Shaw, N. A., & Cant, B. R. (1980). Age-dependent changes in the latency of the pattern visual evoked potential. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 48(2), 237–241. doi: 10.1016/0013-4694(80)90310-7
  • Spangler, S. M., Schwarzer, G., Korell, M., & Maier-Karius, J. (2010). The relationships between processing facial identity, emotional expression, facial speech, and gaze direction during development. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 105(1–2), 1–19. doi:10.1016/j.jecp.2009.09.003
  • Stoesz, B. M., & Jakobson, L. S. (2013). A sex difference in interference between identity and expression judgments with static but not dynamic faces. Journal of Vision, 13(5), 26, 1–14. Retrieved from http://www.journalofvision.org/content/13/5/26. doi:10.1167/13.5.26
  • Vida, M. D., & Mondloch, C. J. (2009). Children's representations of facial expression and identity: Identity-contingent expression aftereffects. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 104(3), 326–345. doi:10.1016/j.jecp.2009.06.003
  • Vuilleumier, P., Armony, J. L., Driver, J., & Dolan, R. J. (2001). Effects of attention and emotion on face processing in the human brain: An event-related fMRI study. Neuron, 30(3), 829–841. doi: 10.1016/S0896-6273(01)00328-2
  • Wiese, H., Kloth, N., Gullmar, D., Reichenbach, J. R., & Schweinberger, S. R. (2012). Perceiving age and gender in unfamiliar faces: An fMRI study on face categorization. Brain and Cognition, 78(2), 163–168. doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2011.10.012
  • Wiese, H., Schweinberger, S. R., & Hansen, K. (2008). The age of the beholder: ERP evidence of an own-age bias in face memory. Neuropsychologia, 46(12), 2973–2985. doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2008.06.007
  • Wiese, H., Schweinberger, S. R., & Neumann, M. F. (2008). Perceiving age and gender in unfamiliar faces: Brain potential evidence for implicit and explicit person categorization. Psychophysiology, 45(6), 957–969. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2008.00707.x
  • Willenbockel, V., Sadr, J., Fiset, D., Horne, G. O., Gosselin, F., & Tanaka, J. W. (2010). Controlling low-level image properties: The SHINE toolbox. Behavior Research Methods, 42(3), 671–684. doi:10.3758/BRM.42.3.671
  • Winston, J. S., Henson, R. N., Fine-Goulden, M. R., & Dolan, R. J. (2004). fMRI-adaptation reveals dissociable neural representations of identity and expression in face perception. Journal of Neurophysiology, 92(3), 1830–1839. doi: 10.1152/jn.00155.2004
  • Yiannikas, C., & Walsh, J. C. (1983). The variation of the pattern shift visual evoked response with the size of the stimulus field. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 55(4), 427–435. doi: 10.1016/0013-4694(83)90131-1
  • Young, A. W., & Bruce, V. (2011). Understanding person perception. British Journal of Psychology, 102(4), 959–974. doi:10.1111/j.2044-8295.2011.02045.x
  • Zhao, L., & Bentin, S. (2011). The role of features and configural processing in face-race classification. Vision Research, 51(23–24), 2462–2470. doi:10.1016/j.visres.2011.10.001

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.