The neural substrates of face processing models: A review

References

• Aggleton , J. P. , Desimone , R. and Mishkin , M. 1986 . The origin, course and termination of the hippocampo‐thalamic projections in the macaque . Journal of Comparative Neurology , 243 : 409 – 421 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aggleton , J. P. and Mishkin , M. 1983 . Memory impairments following restricted medial thalamic lesions in monkeys . Experimental Brain Research , 52 : 199 – 209 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aggleton , J. P. and Mishkin , M. 1984 . Projections of the amygdala to the thalamus in the cynomologus monkey . Journal of Comparative Neurology , 222 : 56 – 68 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahern , G. L. , Schomer , D. L. , Kleefield , J. , Blurne , H. , Cosgrove , G. R. , Weintraub , S. and Mesalam , M. M. 1991 . Right hemisphere advantage for evaluating emotional facial expressions . Cortex , 27 : 193 – 202 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bachevalier , J. B. and Mishkin , M. 1986 . Visual recognition impairment follows ventromedial but not dorsolateral prefrontal lesions in monkeys . Behavioural Brain Research , 20 : 249 – 261 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bauer , R. M. 1984 . Autonomic recognition of names and faces in prosopagnosia: A neurophysiological application of the guilty knowledge test . Neuropsychologia , 22 : 457 – 469 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bauer , R. M. and Verfaellie , M. 1988 . Electrodermal discrimination of familiar but not unfamiliar faces in prosopagnosia . Brain and Cognition , 8 : 240 – 252 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baylis , G. C. , Rolls , E. T. and Leonard , C. M. 1985 . Selectivity between faces in the responses of a population of neurons in the cortex in the superior temporal sulcus of the monkey . Brain Research , 342 : 91 – 102 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baylis , G. C. , Rolls , E. T. and Leonard , C. M. 1987 . Functional subdivisions of the temporal lobe neocortex . Journal of Neuroscience , 7 : 330 – 342 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borod , J. C. , Koff , E. , Lorch , M. P. and Nicholas , M. 1986 . The expression and perception of facial emotion in brain‐damaged patients . Neuropsychologia , 24 : 169 – 180 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boussaoud , D. B. , Desimone , R. and Ungerleider , L. G. 1991 . Visual topography of area TEO in the macaque . Journal of Comparative Neurology , 306 : 554 – 575 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boussaoud , D. B. , Ungerleider , L. G. and Desimone , R. 1990 . Pathways for motion analysis: Cortical connections of the medial superior temporal and fundus of the superior temporal visual areas in the macaque . Journal of Comparative Neurology , 296 : 462 – 495 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bruce , C. J. 1982 . Face recognition by monkeys: Absence of an inversion effect . Neuropsychologia , 20 : 515 – 521 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bruce , C. J. , Desimone , R. and Gross , C. G. 1981 . Visual properties of neurons in a polysensory area in superior temporal sulcus of the macaque . Journal of Neurophysiology , 46 : 369 – 384 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bruce , V. and Young , A. 1986 . Understanding face recognition . British Journal of Psychology , 77 : 305 – 327 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bruyer , R. , Laterre , C. , Seron , X. , Feyereisen , P. , Strypstein , E. , Pierrard , E. and Rectem , D. 1983 . A case of prosopagnosia with some preserved covert remembrance of familiar faces . Brain and Cognition , 2 : 257 – 284 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell , R. , Heywood , C. A. , Cowey , A. , Regard , M. and Landis , T. 1990 . Sensitivity to eye gaze with prosopagnosic patients and monkeys with superior temporal sulcus ablation . Neuropsychologia , 28 : 1123 – 1142 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell , R. , Landis , T. and Regard , M. 1986 . Face recognition and lipreading: A neurological dissociation . Brain , 109 : 509 – 521 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carey , S. and Diamond , R. 1977 . From piecemeal to configurational representation of faces . Science , 195 : 312 – 314 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cavada , C. and Goldman‐Rakic , P. S. 1989 . Posterior parietal cortex in rhesus monkey: I. Parcellation of areas based on distinctive limbic and sensory corticacortical connections . Journal of Comparative Neurology , 287 : 393 – 421 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corballis , M. C. 1980 . Laterality and myth . American Psychologist , 35 : 284 – 295 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cowey , A. and Gross , C. G. 1970 . Effects of foveal prestriate and inferotemporal lesions on visual discrimination by rhesus monkeys . Experimental Brain Research , 11 : 128 – 144 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Damasio , A. R. , Damasio , H. and Van Hoesen , G. W. 1982 . Prosopagnosia: Anatomical basis and neurobehavioural mechanism . Neurology , 32 : 331 – 341 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Damasio , A. R. , Tranel , D. and Damasio , H. 1990 . Face agnosia and the neural substrate of memory . Annual Review of Neuroscience , 13 : 89 – 109 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeKosky , S. , Heilman , K. M. , Bowers , D. and Valenstein , E. 1980 . Recognition and discrimination of emotional faces and pictures . Brain and Language , 9 : 206 – 214 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Renzi , E. 1986 . “ Current issues in prosopagnosia ” . In Aspects of face processing , Edited by: Ellis , H. D. , Jeeves , M. A. , Newcombe , F. and Young , A. Dordrecht : Martinus Nijhoff .
   Google Scholar
• De Renzi , E. , Faglioni , R. , Grossi , D. and Nichelli , P. 1991 . Apperceptive and associative forms of prosopagnosia . Cortex , 27 : 213 – 221 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Renzi , E. , Faglioni , R. and Spinnler , M. 1968 . The performance of patients with unilateral brain damage on face recognition tasks . Cortex , 4 : 17 – 34 .
   Google Scholar
• De Red , E. , Scotti , G. and Spinnler , H. 1969 . Perceptual and dative disorders of visual recognition . Neurology , 19 : 634 – 642 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Desimone , R. 1991 . Face‐selective cells in the temporal cortex of monkeys . Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience , 3 : 1 – 8 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Desimone , R. , Albright , T. D. , Gross , C. G. and Bruce , C. 1984 . Stimulus selective properties of inferior temporal neurons in the macaque . Journal of Neuroscience , 4 : 2051 – 2062 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Desimone , R. and Gross , C. G. 1979 . Visual areas in the temporal cortex of the macaque . Brain Research , 178 : 363 – 380 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ellis , H. D. and Shepherd , J. W. 1975 . Recognition of upright and inverted faces presented in the left and right visual fields . Cortex , 11 : 3 – 7 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ellis , H. D. , Shepherd , J. W. and Davies , G. 1975 . An investigation of the photofit system for recalling faces . British Journal of Psychology , 66 : 29 – 37 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eysenck , M. W. and Keane , M. T. 1990 . Cognitive psychology: A students handbook , London : Lawrence Erlbaum & Associates Ltd .
   Google Scholar
• Fodor , J. A. 1983 . The modularity of mind , Cambridge, Mass. : MIT Press .
   Google Scholar
• Fried , I. , Mateer , C. , Ojemann , G. , Wohns , R. and Fedio , P. 1982 . Organisation of visuospatial functions in human cortex: Evidence from electrical stimulation . Brain , 105 : 349 – 371 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fuster , J. M. 1990 . Inferotemporal units in selective visual attention and short‐term memory . Journal of Neurophysiology , 64 : 681 – 497 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gaffan , D. , Harrison , S. and Gaffan , E. A. 1986 . Visual identification following inferotemporal ablation in the monkey . The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology , 30B : 5 – 30 .
   Google Scholar
• Geffen , G. , Bradshaw , J. L. and Wallace , G. 1971 . Interhemispheric effects on reaction times to verbal and nonverbal stimuli . Journal of Experimental Psychology , 87 : 415 – 422 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Goldenberg , G. , Podreka , I. , Uhl , F. , Steiner , M. , Willmes , K. and Deeke , L. 1989 . Cerebral correlates of imagining colours, faces and a map—I. SPECT of regional cerebral blood flow . Neuropsychologia , 27 : 1315 – 1328 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldman‐Rakic , P. S. and Porrino , L. J. 1985 . The primate mediodorsal nucleus and its projections to the frontal lobe . Journal of Comparative Neurology , 242 : 535 – 560 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gross , G. C. , Rocha‐Miranda , C. E. and Bender , D. B. 1972 . Visual properties of neurons in the inferotemporal cortex of the macaque . Journal of Neurophysiology , 35 : 96 – 111 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grusser , O. ‐J. and Landis , T. 1991 . Visual agnosias , London : Macmillan Press .
   Google Scholar
• Hamilton , C. R. , Tieman , S. B. and Farrell , W. S. 1974 . Cerebral dominance in monkeys? . Neuropsychologia , 12 : 193 – 197 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamilton , C. R. and Vermeire , B. A. 1988 . Complementary hemispheric specialisation in monkeys . Science , 242 : 1691 – 1694 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harries , M. H. and Perrett , D. I. 1991 . Visual processing of faces in the temporal cortex: Physiological evidence for a modular organisation and possible anatomical correlates . Jod of Cognitive Neuroscience , 3 : 9 – 24 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hasselmo , M. E. , Rolls , E. T. and Baylis , G. C. 1989 . The role of expression and identity in the face‐selective responses of neurons in the temporal visual cortex of the monkey . Behavioural Brain Research , 32 : 203 – 218 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haxby , J. V. , Grady , C. L. , Horwitz , B. , Ungerleider , L. G. , Mishkin , M. , Carson , R. E. , Herscovitch , P. , Schapiro , M. B. and Rapoport , S. 1991 . Dissociation of object and spatial visual processing pathways in human extrastriate cortex . Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, USA , 88 : 1621 – 1625 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heffner , H. E. and Heffner , R. S. 1984 . Temporal lobe lesions and perception of species‐specific vocalisations by macaques . Science , 226 : 75 – 76 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heywood , C. A. and Cowey , A. 1992 . The role of the “face‐cell” area in the discrimination and recognition of faces in monkeys . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, B , 335 : 31 – 38 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hillger , L. A. and Koenig , O. 1991 . Separable mechanisms in face processing: Evidence from hemispheric specialisation . Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience , 3 : 42 – 58 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hilliard , R. D. 1973 . Hemispheric laterality effects on a facial recognition task in normal subjects . Cortex , 9 : 246 – 258 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Horel , J. A. , Pytko‐Joiner , D. E. , Voytko , M. L. and Salsbury , K. 1987 . The performance of visual tasks while segments of the inferotemporal cortex are suppressed by cold . Behavioural Brain Research , 23 : 29 – 42 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hubel , D. H. and Wiesel , T. N. 1968 . Receptive fields and functional architecture of monkey striate cortex . Jod of Physiology , 195 : 215 – 243 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iwai , E. , Osawa , Y. and Okuda , H. 1990 . “ Monkey inferotemporal cortex as a long‐term visual memory area ” . In Vision, memory and the temporal lobe , Edited by: Iwai , E. and Mishkin , M. New York : Elsevier .
   Google Scholar
• Kendrick , K. M. and Baldwin , B. A. 1987 . Cells in temporal cortex of conscious sheep can respond preferentially to the sight of faces . Science , 236 : 448 – 450 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klein , D. , Moscovitch , M. and Vigna , C. 1976 . Perceptual asymmetries and attentional mechanisms in tachistoscopic recognition of words and faces . Neuropsychologia , 14 : 44 – 66 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Konorski , J. 1967 . Integrative activity of the brain: An interdisciplinary approach , Chicago : University of Chicago Press .
   Google Scholar
• Kurucz , J. and Feldmar , G. 1979 . Prosop‐affective agnosia as a symptom of cerebral organic disease . Journal of the American Geriatrics Society , 27 : 91 – 95 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kurucz , J. , Feldmar , G. and Werner , W. 1979 . Prosop‐affective agnosia associated with chronic organic brain syndrome . Journal of the American Geriatrics Society , 27 : 91 – 95 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Landis , T. , Regard , M. , Bliestle , A. and Kleihues , P. 1988 . Prosopagnosia and agnosia for noncanonical views . Brain , 111 : 1287 – 1297 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leehey , S. , Carey , S. , Diamond , R. and Cahn , A. 1978 . The upright and inverted faces: The right hemisphere knows the difference . Cortex , 14 : 411 – 419 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leonard , C. M. , Rolls , E. T. , Wilson , F. A. W. and Baylis , G. C. 1985 . Neurons in the amygdala of the monkey with responses selective for faces . Behavioural Brain Research , 15 : 159 – 176 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ley , R. G. and Bryden , M. P. 1979 . Hemispheric differences in recognising faces and emotions . Brain and Language , 7 : 127 – 138 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu , S. T. , Hamalainen , M. S. , Hari , R. , Ilmoniemi , R. J. , Lounasmaa , O. V. , Sams , M. and Vilkman , V. 1991 . Seeing faces activates three separate areas outside the occipital visual cortex in man . Neuroscience , 43 : 287 – 290 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mandal , M. K. , Tandon , S. C. and Asthana , H. S. 1991 . Right brain damage impairs recognition of negative emotions . Cortex , 27 : 247 – 253 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marr , D. 1982 . Vision , San Francisco : Freeman .
   Google Scholar
• McGurk , H. and MacDonald , J. 1976 . Hearing lips and seeing voices: A new illusion . Nature , 264 : 746 – 748 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meadows , J. C. 1974 . The anatomical basis of prosopagnosia . Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry , 37 : 489 – 501 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Milner , B. 1968 . Visual recognition and recall after right temporal‐lobe excision in man . Neuropsychologia , 6 : 191 – 209 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Milner , B. 1990 . “ Right temporal lobe contributions to visual perception and visual memory ” . In Vision. memory and the temporal lobe , Edited by: Iwai , E. and Mishkin , M. New York : Elsevier .
   Google Scholar
• Mishkin , M. 1978 . Memory in monkeys severely impaired by combined but not separate removal of amygdala and hippocampus . Nature , 273 : 297 – 298 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mishkin , M. 1982 . A memory system in the monkey . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London , 298 : 85 – 95 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mishkin , M. 1990 . “ Vision, memory, and the temporal lobe ” . In Vision, memory, and the temporal lobe , Edited by: Iwai , E. and Mishkin , M. New York : Elsevier .
   Google Scholar
• Mishkin , M. , Lewis , M. E. and Ungerleider , L. G. 1982 . The equivalence of parietopreoccipital subareas for visuospatial ability in monkeys . Behavioural Brain Research , 6 : 57 – 77 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mishkin , M. , Ungerleider , L. G. and Macko , K. A. 1983 . Object vision and spatial vision: Two cortical pathways . Trends in Neurosciences , 6 : 416 – 417 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miyashita , Y. 1990 . “ Associative representation of the visual long‐term memory in the neurons of the temporal cortex ” . In Vision, memory d the temporal lobe , Edited by: Iwai , E. and Mishkin , M. New York : Elsevier .
   Google Scholar
• Moran , J. and Desimone , R. 1985 . Selective attention gates visual processing in the striate cortex . Science , 229 : 782 – 784 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mountcastle , V. B. 1957 . Modality and topographic properties of single neurons of cat's somatic sensory cortex . Journal of Neurophysiology , 20 : 408 – 434 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nadel , L. 1991 . The hippocampus and space revisited . Hippocampus , 1 : 221 – 229 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ojemann , J. G. , Ojemann , G. A. and Lettich , E. 1992 . Neuronal acivity related to faces and matching in human right nondominant temporal cortex . Brain , 115 : 1 – 13 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O'Keefe , J. and Nadel , L. 1978 . The hippocampus as a cognitive map , Oxford : Clarendon Press .
   Google Scholar
• Overman , W. M. and Doty , R. W. 1982 . Hemispheric specialisation displayed by man but not macaques for analysis of faces . Neuropsychologia , 20 : 113 – 128 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pandya , D. N. and Yeterian , F. M. 1985 . “ Architecture and connections of cortical association areas in the cerebral cortex ” . In Cerebral cortex , Edited by: Peters , A. and Jones , E. G. Vol 4 , New York : Plenum Press .
   Google Scholar
• Perrett , D. I. , Hietnan , J. K. , Oram , M. W. and Benson , P. J. 1992 . Organisation and functions of cells responsive to faces in the temporal cortex . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, B , 335 : 23 – 30 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perrett , D. I. , Mistlin , A. J. and Chitty , A. J. 1987 . Visual neurones responsive to faces . Trends in Neurosciences , 10 : 358 – 364 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perrett , D. I. , Mistlin , A. J. , Chitty , A. J. , Smith , P. A. J. , Potter , D. D. , Broennimann , R. and Harries , M. 1988 . Specialised face processing and hemispheric asymmetry in man and monkey: Evidence from single unit and reaction time studies . Behavioural Brain Research , 29 : 245 – 258 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perrett , D. I. , Oram , M. W. , Harries , M. H. , Bevan , R. , Hietanen , J. K. and Benson , P. J. 1991 . Viewer‐centred and object‐centred coding of heads in the macaque temporal cortex . Experimental Brain Research , 86 : 159 – 173 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perrett , D. I. , Rolls , E. T. and Caan , W. 1982 . Visual neurones responsive to faces in the monkey temporal cortex . Experimental Brain Research , 47 : 329 – 342 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perrett , D. I. , Smith , P. A. J. , Potter , D. D. , Mistlin , A. J. , Head , A. S. , Milner , A. D. and Jeeves , M. A. 1984 . Neurones responsive to faces in the temporal cortex: Studies of functional organisation, sensitivity to identity and relation to perception . Human Neurobiology , 3 : 197 – 208 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Perrett , D. I. , Smith , P. A. J. , Potter , D. D. , Mistlin , A. J. , Head , A. S. , Milner , A. D. and Jeeves , M. A. 1985 . Visual cells in the temporal cortex sensitive to face view and gaze direction . Proceedings of the Royal Society of London , 223 : 293 – 317 .
   Google Scholar
• Petersen , M. R. , Beecher , M. D. , Zoloth , S. R. , Moody , D. B. and Stebbins , W. C. 1978 . Neural lateralisation of species‐specific vocalisations by Japanese Macaques . (Macaca fuscata). Science , 202 : 326 – 327 .
   Google Scholar
• Pohl , W. 1973 . Dissociation of spatial discrimination deficits following frontal and parietal lesions in monkeys . Journal of Comparative Physiological Psychology , 82 : 277 – 239 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rizzolatti , G. , Umilta , C. and Berlucchi , G. 1971 . Opposite superiorities of the right and left cerebral hemispheres in discriminative reaction time to physionomic and alphabetic material . Brain , 94 : 431 – 442 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roland , P. E. and Friberg , L. 1985 . Localisation of cortical areas activated by thinking . Journal of Neurophysiology , 53 : 1219 – 1243 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rolls , E. T. 1992 . Neurophysiology mechanisms underlying face processing within and beyond the temporal cortical visual areas . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, B , 335 : 11 – 21 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rolls , E. T. and Baylis , G. C. 1986 . Size and contrast have only small effects on the responses to faces of neurons in the cortex of the superior temporal sulcus of the monkey . Experimental Brain Research , 65 : 38 – 48 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rolls , E. T. , Baylis , G. C. and Leonard , C. M. 1985 . Role of low and high spatial frequencies in the face‐selective responses of neurons in the cortex in the superior temporal sulcus in the monkey . Vision Research , 25 : 1021 – 1035 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sato , T. 1988 . Effects of attention and stimulus interaction on visual responses of inferior temporal neurons in the macaque . Journal of Neurophysiology , 60 : 344 – 364 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sato , T. 1990 . “ Neuronal mechanisms of visual selective attention in the monkey inferior temporal cortex ” . In Vision, memory and the temporal lobe , Edited by: Iwai , E. and Mishkin , M. New York : Elsevier .
   Google Scholar
• Seltzer , B. and Pandya , D. N. 1978 . Afferent cortical connections and architectonics of the superior temporal sulcus and surrounding cortex in the rhesus monkey . Brain Research , 149 : 1 – 24 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seltzer , B. and Pandya , D. N. 1984 . Further observations on the parieto‐temporal connections in the rhesus monkey . Experimental Brain Research , 55 : 301 – 312 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sergent , J. , Ohta , S. and MacDonald , B. 1992 . Functional neuroanatomy of face and object processing. A positron emission tomography study . Brain , 115 : 15 – 36 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sergent , J. and Signoret , J. ‐L. 1992 . Functional and anatomical decomposition of face processing: Evidence from prosopagnosia and PET study of normal subjects . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, B , 335 : 55 – 62 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tanaka , K. , Saito , H. , Fukado , Y. and Moriya , M. 1991 . Coding the visual image of objects in the inferior temporal cortex of the macaque monkey . Journal of Neurophysiology , 66 : 170 – 189 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tranel , D. and Damasio , A. R. 1985 . Knowledge without awareness: An autonomic index of facial recognition by prosopagnosics . Science , 228 : 1453 – 1454 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tranel , D. and Damasio , A. R. 1988 . Nonconscious face recognition in patients with face agnosia . Behavioural Brain Research , 30 : 235 – 249 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ungerleider , L. G. , Gaffan , D. and Pelak , V. S. 1989 . Projections from inferior temporal cortex to prefrontal cortex via the uncinate fascicle in rhesus monkeys . Experimental Brain Research , 76 : 473 – 484 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Hoesen , G. W. 1982 . The parahippocampal gyrus: New observations regarding its cortical connections in the monkey . Trends in Neurosciences , 5 : 345 – 350 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warrington , E. K. 1982 . Neurophysiological studies of object recognition . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, B , 298 : 15 – 33 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warrington , E. K. and James , M. 1967 . An experimental investigation of facial recognition in patients with unilateral cerebral lesions . Cortex , 3 : 317 – 326 .
   Google Scholar
• Warrington , E. K. and Taylor , A. M. 1973 . The contribution of the right parietal lobe to object recognition . Cortex , 9 : 152 – 164 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Warrington , E. K. and Taylor , A. M. 1978 . Two categorical stages of object recognition . Perception , 7 : 695 – 705 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weiskrantz , L. 1990 . “ Visual prototypes, memory and the inferotemporal cortex ” . In Vision, memory and the temporal lobe , Edited by: Iwai , E. and Mishkin , M. New York : Elsevier .
   Google Scholar
• Weiskrantz , L. and Saunders , R. C. 1984 . Impairments of visual object transforms in monkeys . Brain , 107 : 1033 – 1072 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitely , A. M. and Warrington , E. K. 1977 . Prosopagnosia: A clinical, psychological and anatomical study of three patients . Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry , 40 : 395 – 403 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yaginuma , S. 1990 . “ Functional subdivisions in area TE of the inferotemporal cortex in the monkey ” . In Vision, memory and the temporal lobe , Edited by: Iwai , E. and Mishkin , M. New York : Elsevier .
   Google Scholar
• Yamane , S. , Kaji , S. and Kawano , K. 1988 . What facial features activate face neurons in the inferotemporal cortex of the monkey? . Experimental Brain Research , 73 : 209 – 214 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamane , S. , Komatsu , H. , Kaji , S. and Kawano , K. 1990 . “ Neural activity in the inferotemporal cortex of monkeys during a face discrimination task ” . In Vision. memory and the temporal lobe , Edited by: Iwai , E. and Mishkin , M. New York : Elsevier .
   Google Scholar
• Yin , R. 1969 . Looking at upside‐down faces . Journal of Experimental Psychology , 81 : 141 – 145 .
   Google Scholar
• Yin , R. 1970 . Face recognition by brain‐injured patients: A dissociable ability . Neuropsychologia , 8 : 395 – 402 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young , M. P. and Yamane , S. 1992 . Sparse population coding of faces in the inferotemporal cortex . Science , 256 : 1327 – 1331 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar