Developmental and gender differences in elementary school children’s recognition of bullying

References

• Bradshaw , C. P. , Sawyer , A. L. and O’Brennan , L. M. 2007 . Bullying and peer victimization at school: perceptual differences between students and school staff . School Psychology Review , 36 ( 3 ) : 361 – 382 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Card , N. A. , Sawalani , G. M. , Stucky , B. D. and Little , T. D. 2008 . Direct and indirect aggression during childhood and adolescence: a meta-analytic review of gender differences, intercorrelations, and relations to maladjustment . Child Development , 79 ( 5 ) : 1185 – 1229 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Closson , L. M. 2009 . Aggressive and prosocial behaviors within early adolescent friendship cliques . Merrill-Palmer Quarterly , 55 ( 4 ) : 406 – 435 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohn, A. & Canter, A. (2003) Bullying: facts for schools and parents (Bethesda, MD, National Association of School Psychologists). Available online at: http://www.nasponline.org/resources/factsheets/bullying_fs.aspx (accessed 1 October 2010).
   Google Scholar
• Crick , N. R. and Grotpeter , J. K. 1995 . Relational aggression, gender, and social–psychological adjustment . Child Development , 66 ( 3 ) : 710 – 722 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crick , N. R. , Casas , J. F. and Mosher , M. 1997 . Relational and overt aggression in preschool . Developmental Psychology , 33 ( 4 ) : 579 – 588 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cullerton-Sen , C. and Crick , N. R. 2005 . Understanding the effects of physical and relational victimization: the utility of multiple perspectives in predicting social-emotional adjustment . School Psychology Review , 34 ( 2 ) : 147 – 160 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dake , J. A. , Price , J. H. and Telljohann , S. K. 2003 . The nature and extent of bullying at school . Journal of School Health , 73 ( 5 ) : 173 – 180 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eaton , D. K. , Kann , L. , Kinchen , S. , Shanklin , S. , Ross , J. , Hawkins , J. , Harris , W. , Lowry , R. , McManus , T. , Chyen , D. , Lim , C. , Whittle , L. , Brener , N. D. and Wechsler , H. 2010 . Youth risk behavior surveillance – United States, 2009 . Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report , 59 ( SS–5 ) : 1 – 9 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Embry , S. L. and Luzzo , D. A. 1996 . The relationship between name-calling and peer beliefs among elementary school children . Elementary School Guidance & Counseling , 31 ( 2 ) : 122 – 131 .
   Google Scholar
• Eslea , M. and Rees , J. 2001 . At what age are children most likely to be bullied at school? . Aggressive Behavior , 27 : 419 – 429 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frisen , A. , Jonsson , A. K. and Persson , C. 2007 . Adolescents’ perception of bullying: who is the victim? Who is the bully? What can we do to stop bullying? . Adolescence , 42 ( 168 ) : 749 – 761 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grotpeter , J. K. and Crick , N. R. 1996 . Relational aggression, overt aggression, and friendship . Child Development , 67 : 2328 – 2338 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hightow-Weidman , L. B. , Phillips , G. , Jones , K. C. , Outlaw , A. Y. , Fields , S. D. and Smith , J. C. 2011 . Racial and sexual identity-related maltreatment among minority YMSM: prevalence, perceptions, and the association with emotional distress . AIDS Patient Care and STDs , 25 ( 1 ) : s39 – s45 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hilarski , C. , Dulmus , C. N. , Theriot , M. T. and Sowers , K. M. 2004 . Bully-victimization related to gender and grade level: implications for prevention efforts . Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work: Advances in Practice, Programming, Research, and Policy , 1 ( 2–3 ) : 5 – 24 .
   Google Scholar
• Hoover , J. H. , Oliver , R. and Hazler , R. J. 1992 . Bullying: perceptions of adolescent victims in the Midwestern USA . School Psychology International , 13 ( 5 ) : 5 – 16 .
   Google Scholar
• Kosciw, J. G., Greytak, E. A., Diaz, E. M. & Bartkiewicz, M. J. (2010) The 2009 National School Climate Survey (New York, NY, Gay, Lesbian, and Straight Education Network).
   Google Scholar
• Lounsbury , J. W. , Gibson , L. W. and Saudargas , R. A. 2006 . “ Scale development ” . In The psychology research handbook , Edited by: Leong , F. T. L. and Austin , J. T. 125 – 146 . London : Sage Publications .
   Google Scholar
• Monks , C. P. and Smith , P. K. 2006 . Definitions of bullying: age differences in understanding of the term, and the role of experience . British Journal of Developmental Psychology , 24 : 801 – 821 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naylor , P. , Cowie , H. , Cossin , F. , de Bettencourt , R. and Lemme , F. 2006 . Teachers’ and pupils’ definitions of bullying . British Journal of Educational Psychology , 76 : 553 – 576 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olweus , D. 1993 . Bullying at school: what we know and what we can do , Cambridge , MA : Blackwell Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• Pellegrini , A. D. and Long , J. D. 2002 . A longitudinal study of bullying, dominance, and victimization during the transition from primary school through secondary school . British Journal of Developmental Psychology , 20 : 259 – 280 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pronk , R. E. and Zimmer-Gembeck , M. 2010 . It’s ‘mean’, but what does it mean to adolescents? Relational aggression described by victims, aggressors, and their peers . Journal of Adolescent Research , 25 ( 2 ) : 175 – 204 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scheithauer , H. , Hayer , T. , Petermann , F. and Jugert , G. 2006 . Physical, verbal, and relational forms of bullying among German students: age trends, gender differences, and correlates . Aggressive Behavior , 32 : 261 – 275 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith , J. D. , Schneider , B. H. , Smith , P. K. and Ananiadou , K. 2004 . The effectiveness of whole-school antibullying programs: a synthesis of evaluation research . School Psychology Review , 33 ( 4 ) : 547 – 560 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Underwood , M. K. 2003 . Social aggression among girls , New York , NY : Guilford Press .
   Google Scholar
• US Department of Education (2005) Education in the United States: a brief overview. Available online at: http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED497134.pdf (accessed 5 December 2011).
   Google Scholar
• US Department of Health and Human Services (2004) Stop bullying now! (motion picture) (Washington, DC, US Department of Health and Human Services).
   Google Scholar
• Varjas , K. , Meyers , J. , Bellmoff , L. , Lopp , E. , Birckbichler , L. and Marshall , M. 2008 . Missing voices: fourth through eighth grade urban students’ perceptions of bullying . Journal of School Violence , 7 ( 4 ) : 97 – 114 .
   Google Scholar
• Wang , J. , Iannotti , R. J. and Nansel , T. R. 2009 . School bullying among adolescents in the United States: physical, verbal, relational, and cyber . Journal of Adolescent Health , 45 ( 4 ) : 368 – 375 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams , T. , Conolly , J. , Pepler , D. and Craig , W. 2003 . Questioning and sexual minority adolescents: high school experiences of bullying, sexual harassment and physical abuse . Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health , 22 ( 2 ) : 47 – 58 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar