Opportunities for Biotechnology in Food Processing

References

• Aastrup , S. 1983 . Selection and characterisation of low ß-glucan mutants from barley . Carlsberg Research Communications , 48 : 307 – 316 .
   Google Scholar
• Abiose , S. H. , Allen , M. C. and Wood , B. J. B. 1982 . “ Microbiology and biochemistry of miso (soy paste) fermentation ” . In Advances in Applied Microbiology , Edited by: Laskin , A. I. Vol. 28 , 239 – 265 . New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Aidoo , K. E. , Hendry , R. and Wood , B. J. B. 1982 . “ Solid substrate fermentations ” . In Advances in Applied Microbiology , Edited by: Laskin , A. I. Vol. 28 , 201 – 237 . New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Anonymous . 1982 . Report on the Food Industry and Technology , London : HMSO .
   Google Scholar
• Arai, S., Yamashita, M. and Fujimaki (1975). Proteins and the flavour of soybeans. Cereal Foods World 20, 107.
   Google Scholar
• Archer, D. B. (1983). The microbiological basis of process control in methanogenic fermentation of soluble wastes. Enzyme and Microbial Technology 5, 162–170.
   Google Scholar
• Archer, D. B. (1984). Detection and quantitation of methanogens by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 48, 797–801.
   Google Scholar
• Blakely, L. W. and Steward, F. C. (1964). Growth and organised development of cultured cells. VII Cellular variation. American Journal of Botany 51, 809–820.
   Google Scholar
• Brodelius, P. and Mosbach, K. (1982). Immobilised plant ceils. In Advances in Applied Microbiology (A. I. Laskin, Ed.), volume 28, pp. 1–26. Academic Press, New York.
   Google Scholar
• Brodelius, P. and Nilsson, K. (1983). Permeabilisation of immobilised plant cells resulting in the release of intracellularly stored products with preserved cell viability. European Journal of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 17, 275–280.
   Google Scholar
• Cheetham, P. S. J. (1980). Developments in the immobilisation of microbial cells and their applications. In Topics in Enzyme and Fermentation Biotechnology (A. Wiseman, Ed.), volume 4, pp. 189–238. Ellis Horwood, Chichester.
   Google Scholar
• Cherry, J. P. (1981). Protein Functionality in Foods. ACS Symposium Series No. 147, p. 332. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC.
   Google Scholar
• Constabel, F. (1967). Pigmentbildung in kalluskulturen aus beta-ruben. Naturwissenschaften 54, 175–176.
   Google Scholar
• Constabel, F., Shyluk, J. P. and Gamborg, O. L. (1971). The effect of hormones on anthocyanin accumulation in cell cultures of Happlopappus gracilis. Planta 96, 306–316.
   Google Scholar
• Cooper, P. F. and Atkinson, B. (Eds) (1981). Biological Fluidised Bed Treatment of Water and Wastewater. Ellis Horwood, Chichester. 411 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Daeschel, M. A. and Fleming, H. P. (1984). Selection of lactic acid bacteria for use in vegetable fermentations. Food Microbiology 1, 303–314.
   Google Scholar
• Delafontaine, M. J., Naveau, H. P. and Nyns, E. J. (1979). Fluorimetric monitoring of methanogenesis in anaerobic digesters. Biotechnology Letters 1, 71–74.
   Google Scholar
• Dougal, D. K. (1980). Nutrition and metabolism. In Plant Tissue Culture as a Source of Biochemicals (E. J. Staba, Ed.), pp. 21–58. CRC Press, Boca Raton.
   Google Scholar
• Dunnill, P. and Rudd, M. (1984). Biotechnology and British Industry. Science and Engineering Research Council Biotechnology Directorate Report. SERC, Swindon.
   Google Scholar
• Eichenberger, M. E. (1951). Sur un mutation survenue dans un culture de tissues de carotte. Comptes rendus des séances de la Société de biologic 145, 239–240.
   Google Scholar
• Evans , D. A. , Sharp , W. R. , Ammirato , P. V. and Yamada , Y. , eds. 1981 . Handbook of Plant Cell Cultures , Vol. 1 , New York : Techniques for Propagation and Breeding. Macmillan .
   Google Scholar
• Flavell , R. B. , Payne , P. I. , Thompson , R. D. and Law , C. N. 1984 . “ Strategies for improvement of wheat-grain quality using molecular genetics ” . In Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Reviews , Edited by: Russell , G. E. Vol. 2 , 157 – 173 . Ponteland, Newcastle upon Tyne : Intercept .
   Google Scholar
• Forage , A. J. and Righelato , R. C. 1979 . “ Biomass from carbohydrates ” . In Economic Microbiology, Volume 4, Microbial Biomass , Edited by: Rose , A. H. 289 – 313 . London : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Fowler , M. W. 1981 . Plant cell biotechnology to produce desirable substances . Chemistry and Industry , 7 : 229 – 233 .
   Google Scholar
• Fowler , M. W. 1982 . Large-scale culture of plant cells . In Progress in Industrial Microbiology , 18 : 320 – 350 .
   Google Scholar
• Fowler , M. W. 1983 . “ Commercial applications and economic aspects of mass plant cell culture ” . In Plant Biotechnology , Edited by: Mantell , S. H. and Smith , H. 3 – 37 . Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Fowler, M. W. (1984). Plant cell culture: naturai products and industrial application. In Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Reviews (G. E. Russell, Ed.), pp. 41–67. Intercept, Ponteland. Newcastle upon Tyne.
   Google Scholar
• Furuya , T. , Kojima , H. and Syono , K. 1971 . Regulation of nicotine biosynthesis by auxins in tobacco callus tissues . Phytochemistry , 10 : 3529 – 1532 .
   Google Scholar
• Gunge , N. 1983 . “ Yeast DNA piasmids ” . In Annual Review of Microbiology , Edited by: Ornston , L. N. Vol. 37 , 253 – 276 . Palo Alto : Annual Reviews Inc .
   Google Scholar
• Harris , S. , Swinbank , A. and Wilkinson , G. 1984 . The Food and Farm Policies of the European Community , Chichester : John Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Herzka , A. and Booth , R. G. , eds. 1981 . Food Industry Wastes: Disposal and Recovery , London : Applied Science .
   Google Scholar
• Hesseltine , C. W. 1983 . “ Microbiology of orientai fermented foods ” . In Annual Review of Microbiology , Edited by: Ornston , L. N. Vol. 37 , 575 – 601 . Palo Alto : Annuai Reviews Inc .
   Google Scholar
• Kamimura , S. and Nishikawa , M. 1976 . Growth and alkaloid production of the cultured cells of Papaver bracteatum . Agricultural and Biological Chemistry , 40 : 906 – 911 .
   Google Scholar
• Khanna , P. 1978 . Role of auxin, phytohormones and ascorbic acid on production of secondary metaboiites from in vitro cultures of different plant species . All India Symposium, Third Conference on Plant Tissue Culture, Baroda , : 37
   Google Scholar
• Kirsop , B. H. 1981 . Biotechnology in the food processing industry . Chemistry and Industry , : 218 – 222 . 4 April
   Google Scholar
• Kirsop , B. H. 1984 . “ Methanogenesis ” . In CRC Critical Reviews in Biotechnology , Edited by: Stewart , G. G. and Russell , I. Vol. 1 , 109 – 159 . Boca Raton : CRC Press .
   Google Scholar
• Kirsop, B. H., Hilton, M. G., Powell, G. E. and Archer, D. B. (1984). Methanogenesis in the anaerobic treatment of food-processing wastes. In Society for Applied Bacteriology Technical Series No. 19: Microbiological Methods for Environmental Biotechnology (J. M. Grainger and J. M. Lynch, Eds), pp. 139–158. Academic Press. London.
   Google Scholar
• Kohlenbach, H. W. (1977). Basic aspects of differentiation and plant regeneration from cell tissue cultures. In Plant Tissue Culture and its Bio-technological Application (W. Barz, E. Reinhard and M. H. Zenk, Eds), pp. 355–366. Springer-Verlag. Heidelberg.
   Google Scholar
• Kunkee, R. E. (1984). Selection and modification of yeasts and lactic acid bacteria for wine fermentation. Food Microbiology 1, 315–322.
   Google Scholar
• Kurtz, W. G. W., and Constabel, F. (1979). Plant cell cultures, a potential source of pharmaceuticals. In Advances in Applied Microbiology (D. Perlman. Ed.). volume 25, pp. 209–240. Academic Press, New York.
   Google Scholar
• Ledward, D. A., Taylor, A. J. and Lawrie, R. A. (Eds) (1983). Upgrading Waste for Feeds and Food. Butterworths, London.
   Google Scholar
• Lettinga, G., Hulshoff Pol, L. W., Koster, I. W., Wiegant, W. M., De Zeeuw, W. J., Rinzema, A., Grin, P. C, Roersma, R. E. and Hobma, S. W. (1984). High-rate anaerobic waste-water treatment using the UASB reactor under a wide range of temperature conditions. In Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Reviews (G. E. Russell, Ed.), volume 2, pp. 253–284. Intercept, Ponteland, Newcastle upon Tyne.
   Google Scholar
• Lindsey, K. and Yeoman, M. M. (1983). Novel experimental systems for studying the production of secondary metabolites by plant tissue cultures. In Plant Biotechnology (S. H. Mantell and H. Smith, Eds), pp. 39–66. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
   Google Scholar
• McCleary, B. V., Dea, I. C. M. and Clark, A. H. (1984). The fine structure of carob and guar galactomannans. In Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry 2 (G. O. Phillips, D. J. Wedlock and P. A. Williams, Eds), pp. 33–44. Pergamon Press, Oxford.
   Google Scholar
• MacKinlay, A. G. and Wake, R. G. (1971). In Milk Proteins, Volume 2, (H. A. McKenzie, Ed.), pp. 175–215. Academic Press, New York.
   Google Scholar
• Martin, S. M. (1980a). Environmental factors. B. Temperature, aeration and pH. In Plant Tissue Culture as a Source of Biochemicals (E. J. Staba, Ed.), pp. 143–148. CRC Press, Boca Raton.
   Google Scholar
• Martin, S. M. (1980b). Mass culture systems for plant cell suspensions. In Plant Tissue Culture as a Source of Biochemicals (E. J. Staba, Ed.), pp. 149–166. CRC Press, Boca Raton.
   Google Scholar
• Meyrath, J. and Bayer, K. (1979). Biomass from whey. In Economic Microbiology, Volume 4, Microbial Biomass (A. H. Rose, Ed.), pp. 208–269. Academic Press, London.
   Google Scholar
• Mosey, F. E. and Fernandez, X. A. (1984). Mathematical modelling of methanogenesis in sewage sludge digestion. In Society for Applied Bacteriology Technical Series No 19: Microbiological Methods for Environmental Biotechnology (J. M. Grainger and J. M. Lynch, Eds), pp. 159–168. Academic Press, London.
   Google Scholar
• Moulin, G. and Galzy, P. (1984). Whey, a potential substrate for biotechnology. In Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Reviews (G. E. Russell, Ed.), volume 1, pp. 347–374. Intercept, Ponteland, Newcastle upon Tyne.
   Google Scholar
• Munck , L. 1972 . Improvements of nutritional value in cereals . Hereditas , 72 : 1 – 128 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Munck , L. 1981 . “ Barley for food, feed and industry ” . In Proceedings of a Conference on Cereals, a Renewable Resource–Theory and Practice , Edited by: Pomeranz , Y. and Munck , L. 427 – 460 . St Paul, Minnesota : American Association of Cereal Chemists .
   Google Scholar
• Nickell , L. G. 1980 . “ Products ” . In Plant Tissue as a Source of Biochemicals , 235 – 269 . Boca Raton : CRC Press .
   Google Scholar
• Painting , K. and Kirsop , B. E. 1984 . A note on the presence of novel DNA species in the spoilage yeasts Zygosaccharomyces bailii and Pichia membranaefaciens . Journal of Applied Bacteriology , 56 : 331 – 335 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Phillips , R. D. and Beuchat , L. R. 1981 . “ Enzyme modification of protein ” . In Protein Functionality in Foods, ACS Symposium Series No. 147 , Edited by: Cherry , J. P. 275 – 298 . Washington, DC : American Chemical Society .
   Google Scholar
• Poulsen , P. B. 1984 . “ Current applications of immobilized enzymes for manufacturing purposes ” . In Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Reviews , Edited by: Russell , G. E. Vol. 1 , 121 – 140 . Ponteland, Newcastle upon Tyne : Intercept .
   Google Scholar
• Pour-El, A. (1979). Functionality and Protein Structure. ACS Symposium Series No. 92. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC. 243 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Powell , G. E. , Hilton , M. G. , Archer , D. B. and Kirsop , B. H. 1983 . Kinetics of the methanogenic fermentation of acetate . Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology , 33B : 209 – 215 .
   Google Scholar
• Powell , L. W. 1984 . “ Developments in immobilized-enzyme technology ” . In Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Reviews , Edited by: Russell , G. E. Vol. 1 , 409 – 438 . Ponteland, Newcastle upon Tyne : Intercept .
   Google Scholar
• Rexen , F. and Munck , L. 1984 . “ Cereal Crops for Industrial Use in Europe ” . In Commission of the European Communities Directorate-General, Information , Luxembourg : Market and Innovation .
   Google Scholar
• Rhodes , M. J. C. 1985 . “ Immobilised Plant Cell Cultures ” . In Enzyme and Fermentative Biotechnology Edited by: Wiseman , A. in press
   Google Scholar
• Rhodes , M. J. C. and Kirsop , B. H. 1982 . Plant cell cultures as sources of valuable secondary products . Biologist , 29 : 134 – 140 .
   Google Scholar
• Rosevere , A. and Lambe , C. 1985 . “ Immobilised plant cells ” . In Advances in Biochemical Engineering , Edited by: Fiechter , A. in press : Springer-Verlag. Heidelberg .
   Google Scholar
• Schwimmer , S. 1981 . “ Source Book of Food Enzymology ” . In AVI Publishing Company , Connecticut : Westport .
   Google Scholar
• Scragg , A. H. and Fowler , M. W. 1985 . “ The mass culture of plant cells ” . In Cell Culture and Somatic Genetics of Plants , Edited by: Vasil , I. K. New York : Academic Press . in press
   Google Scholar
• Seabrook , J. E. A. 1980 . “ Laboratory culture ” . In Plant Tissue Culture as a Source of Biochemicals , Edited by: Staba , E. J. 1 – 20 . Boca Raton : CRC Press .
   Google Scholar
• Seibert , M. and Kadkade , P. G. 1980 . “ Environmental factors. A: Light ” . In Plant Tissue Culture as a Source of Biochemicals , Edited by: Staba , E. H. 123 – 141 . Boca Raton : CRC Press .
   Google Scholar
• Shiio , I. and Ohta , S. 1973 . Production of alkaloids by plant tissue culture. I. Nicotine production by tobacco callus tissues and effect of plant growth regulators . Agricultural and Biological Chemistry , 37 : 1857 – 1864 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skjak-Braek , G. 1984 . “ Enzymatic modification of alginate ” . In Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry 2 , Edited by: Phillips , G. O. , Wedlock , D. J. and Williams , P. A. 523 – 528 . Oxford : Pergamon Press .
   Google Scholar
• Smart , N. J. and Fowler , M. W. 1984a . An airlift column bioreactor suitable for large-scale cultivation of plant cell suspensions . Journal of Experimental Botany , 35 : 531 – 537 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smart , N. J. and Fowler , M. W. 1984b . Mass cultivation of Catharanthus roseus cells using a nonmechanicaliy agitated bioreactor . Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology , 9 : 209 – 216 .
   Google Scholar
• Spencer , J. F. T. and Spencer , D. M. 1983 . “ Genetic improvements of industrial yeasts ” . In Annual Review of Microbiology , Edited by: Ornston , L. N. Vol. 37 , 321 – 142 . Palo Alto : Annual Reviews Inc .
   Google Scholar
• Stafford , D. A. , Wheatlev , B. I. and Hughes , D. E. , eds. 1980 . Anaerobic Digestion: Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion, Cardiff 1979 , 528 Barking : Applied Science .
   Google Scholar
• Stewart , G. G. , Murray , C. R. , Panchal , C. J. , Russell , I. and Sills , A. M. 1984 . The selection and modification of brewers yeast strains . Food Microbiology , 1 : 289 – 302 .
   Google Scholar
• Strauss , J. 1958 . Spontaneous changes in corn endosperm tissue culture . Science , 128 : 537 – 538 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sugiyama , S. 1984 . Selection of micro-organisms for use in the fermentation of soy sauce . Food Microbiology , 1 : 339 – 347 .
   Google Scholar
• Tabata , M. , Hiraoka , N. , Ikenoue , M. , Sano , Y. and Konoshima , M. 1975 . The production of anthraquinones in callus cultures of Cassia tora . Elovdia , 38 : 131 – 134 .
   Google Scholar
• Taylor , M. J. and Richardson , T. 1979 . “ Applications of microbial enzymes in food systems and in biotechnology ” . In Advances in Applied Microbiology , Edited by: Perlman , D. Vol. 25 , 7 – 35 . New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Tubb , R. S. 1984 . Genetic development of yeast strains . Brewers’ Guardian, September , 1984 : 34 – 37 .
   Google Scholar
• Van Beeden , P. , Dijkstra , A. C. and Vogels , G. D. 1983 . Quantitation of coenzyme F420 in methanogenic sludge by the use of reversed-place high performance liquid chromatography and a fluorescence detector . European Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology , 18 : 61 – 69 .
   Google Scholar
• Von Wettstein , D. , Jende-Strid , B. , Larsen , B. , Ahrenst , B. and Sorenson , J. A. 1977 . Biochemical mutant in barley renders chemical stabilisation of beer superfluous . Carlsberg Research Communications , 42 : 341 – 351 .
   Google Scholar
• Wagner , F. and Vogelmann , H. 1977 . “ Cultivation of piant tissue culture in bioreactors and formation of secondary metabolites ” . In Plant Tissue Culture and its Bio-technological Application , Edited by: Barz , W. , Reinhard , M. and Zenk , M. H. 245 – 252 . Berlin : Springer-Verlag .
   Google Scholar
• Wentworth , R. L. , ed. 1983 . “ Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion, Boston, Massachusetts, USA, 14–19 August, 1983 ” . In Third International Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion , 544 Massachusett : Cambridge .
   Google Scholar
• Wheatley , A. D. 1984 . “ Biotechnology and effluent treatment ” . In Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Reviews , Edited by: Russell , G. E. Vol. 1 , 261 – 309 . Ponteland, Newcastle upon Tyne : Intercept .
   Google Scholar
• Zenk, M. H., El-Shagi, H. and Schulte, U. (1975). Anthroquinone production by cell suspension cultures of Morinda citrifolia. Planta medica supplement, pp. 79–101.
   Google Scholar
• Zenk, M. H., El-Shagi, H., Stockigt, J., Weiler, E. W. and Deus, B. (1977). Formation of the indole alkaloids serpentine and ajmalicine in cell suspension cultures of Catharanthus roseus. In Plant Tissue Culture and its Biotechnological Application (W. Barz, M. Reinhard and M. H. Zenk, Eds), pp. 27–43. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
   Google Scholar