Purification of patulin from Penicillium expansum culture: high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) versus preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (prep-HPLC)

References

• Alves , I , Oliveira , NG , Laires , A , Rodrigues , AS and Rueff , J . 2000 . Induction of micronuclei and chromosomal aberrations by the mycotoxin patulin in mammalian cells: role of ascorbic acid as a modulator of patulin clastogenicity . Mutagenesis , 15 : 229 – 234 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atkinson , N . 1942 . Antibacterial substances produced by moulds. 1. Penicidin, a product of the growth of a Penicillium . Aust J Exp Biol Med Sci , 20 : 287 – 288 .
   Google Scholar
• Baert , K , De Meulenaer , B , Kasase , C , Huyghebaert , A , Ooghe , W and Devlieghere , F . 2007 . Free and bound patulin in cloudy apple juice . Food Chem , 100 : 1278 – 1282 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Becci , PJ , Hess , FG , Johnson , WD , Gallo , MA , Babish , JG , Dailey , RE and Parent , RA . 1981 . Long-term carcinogenicity and toxicity studies of patulin in the rat . J Appl Toxicol , 1 : 256 – 261 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bergel , F , Morrison , AL , Moss , AR , Klein , R , Rinderknecht , H and Ward , JL . 1943 . An antibacterial substance from Aspergillus clavatus and Penicillium claviforme and its probable identity with patulin . Nature , 152 : 750
   Google Scholar
• Boyd , EM . 1944 . Patulin. Can Med Assoc J , 50 : 159
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chain , E , Florey , HW and Jennings , MA . 1942 . An antibacterial substance produced by Penicillium claviforme . Br J Exp Pathol , 23 : 202 – 205 .
   Google Scholar
• Ciegler , A , Detroy , RW and Lillehoj , EB . 1971 . “ Patulin, penicillic acid, and other carcinogenic lactones ” . In Microbial toxins, Vol. VI: Fungal toxins , Edited by: Cieger , A , Kadis , S and Ajl , SJ . 409 – 434 . New York (NY) : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Cole , RJ and Cox , RH . 1981 . Handbook of toxic fungal metabolites , 152 – 263 . New York (NY) : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Drusch , S , Kopka , S and Kaeding , J . 2007 . Stability of patulin in a juice-like aqueous model system in the presence of ascorbic acid . Food Chem , 100 : 192 – 197 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Engel , G and Teuber , M . 1984 . “ Patulin and other small lactones ” . In Mycotoxins: production, isolation, separation and purification , Edited by: Betina , V . 291 – 295 . New York (NY) : Elsevier .
   Google Scholar
• Flieghe , R and Metzler , M . 1999 . The mycotoxin patulin introduces intra- and intermolecular protein crosslinks in vitro involving cysteine, lysine, and histidine side chains, and a-amino groups . Chemico-Biol Interact , 123 : 85 – 103 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Flieghe , R and Metzler , M . 2000 . Electrophilic properties of patulin. N-acetylcysteine and glutathione adducts . Chem Res Toxicol , 13 : 373 – 381 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• He , J , Yang , R , Zhou , T , Tsao , R , Young , JC , Zhu , H , Li , X-Z and Boland , GJ . 2007 . Purification of deoxynivalenol from Fusarium graminearum rice culture and mouldy corn by high-speed counter-current chromatography . J Chromatograph A , 1151 : 187 – 192 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iha , MH and Sabino , M . 2006 . Determination of patulin in apple juice by liquid chromatography . J AOAC Int , 89 : 139 – 143 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ito , Y . 1996 . “ Principle, apparatus, and methodology of high-speed countercurrent chromatography ” . In High speed countercurrent chromatography , Edited by: Ito , Y and Conway , WD . 28 – 30 . New York (NY) : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Ito , Y . 2005 . Golden rules and pitfalls in selecting optimum conditions for high-speed counter-current chromatography . J Chromatograph A , 1065 : 145 – 168 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katzman , PA , Hays , EE , Cain , CK , Van Wyk , JJ , Reithel , FJ , Thayer , SA , Doisy , EA , Gaby , WL , Carroll , CJ Muir , RD . 1944 . Clavacin, an antibiotic substance from Aspergillus clavatus . J Biol Chem , 154 : 475 – 486 .
   Google Scholar
• Li , L , Tsao , R , Liu , Z , Liu , S , Yang , R , Young , JC , Zhu , H , Deng , Z , Xie , M and Fu , Z . 2005 . Isolation and purification of acteoside and isoacteoside from Plantago psyllium L. by high-speed counter-current chromatography . J Chromatograph A , 1063 : 161 – 169 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lieu , FY and Bullerman , LB . 1978 . Binding of patulin and penicillic acid to glutathione and cysteine and toxicity of the resulting adducts . Milchwissenschaft , 33 : 16 – 20 .
   Google Scholar
• Llewellyn , GC , McCay , JA , Brown , RD , Musgrove , DL , Butterworth , LF , Munson , AE and White , KL . 1998 . Immunological evaluation of the mycotoxin patulin in female B6C3F1 mice . Food Chem Toxicol , 36 : 1107 – 1115 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacDonald , S , Long , M and Gilbert , J . 2000 . Liquid chromatographic method for determination of patulin in clear and cloudy apple juices and apple puree: collaborative study . J AOAC Int , 83 : 1387 – 1394 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norstadt , FA and McCalla , TM . 1969 . Patulin production by Penicillium urticae Bainier in batch culture . Appl Microbiol , 17 : 193 – 196 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Oosterhuis , HK . 1956 . Antibiotica Uit Schimmels , 116 Amsterdam (the Netherlands) : Bijzonderheden .
   Google Scholar
• Pohland , AE and Allen , R . 1970 . Stability studies with patulin . J AOAC Int , 53 : 688 – 691 .
   Google Scholar
• Prieta , J , Moreno , MA , Diaz , S , Suarez , G and Dominguez , L . 1994 . Survey of patulin in apple juice and children's apple food by the diphasic dialysis membrane procedure . J Agricult Food Chem , 42 : 1701 – 1703 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith , EE , Duffus , EA and Small , MH . 1993 . Effects of patulin on postimplantation rat embryos . Archiv Environ Contam Toxicol , 25 : 267 – 270 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WHO and Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) . Position paper on patulin (prepared by France), 30th session . The Hague (the Netherlands). WHO and Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) .
   Google Scholar
• Woodward , RB and Singh , G . 1950 . The synthesis of patulin . J Am Chem Soc , 72 : 1428 – 1428 .
   Google Scholar