Photocatalytic properties of nanocrystalline titanium dioxide films in the degradation of domoic acid in aqueous solution: potential for use in molluscan shellfish biotoxin depuration facilities

References

• Balaji , S , Djaoued , Y and Robichaud , J . 2006 . Phonon con-finement studies in nanocrystalline anatase-TiO2 thin films by micro Raman spectroscopy . J Raman Spectroscopy , 37 : 1416 – 1422 .
   Google Scholar
• Bargu , S , Lefebvre , K and Silver , MW . 2006 . Effect of dissolved domoic acid on the grazing rate of krill Euphausia pacifica . Mar Ecol Prog Ser , 312 : 169 – 175 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bates , SS . 1997 . Toxic phytoplankton on the Canadian east coast: implications for aquaculture . Bull Aquacult Assoc Canada , 97 ( 3 ) : 9 – 18 . ; [cited 2008 Jun 26]. Available from: http://www.glf.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/dapr-radp/docs/bates_bull_aquacult_assoc_can_1997.pdf/
   Google Scholar
• Bates , SS . 2004 . Amnesic shellfish poisoning: domoic acid production by Pseudo-nitzschia diatoms. Aqua Info Aquaculture Notes 16; [cited 2008 Jun 26] Available from: http://www.gov.pe.ca/photos/original/af_domoic_acid.pdf/
   Google Scholar
• Bates , SS , De Freitas , ASW , Milley , JE , Pocklington , R , Quilliam , MA , Smith , JC and Worms , J . 1991 . Controls on domoic acid production by the diatom Nitzschia pungens f. multiseries in culture: nutrients and irradiance . Can J Fish Aquat Sci , 48 : 1136 – 1144 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bates , SS , Garrison , DL and Horner , RA . 1998 . Bloom dynamics and physiology of domoic-acid-producing Pseudo-nitzschia species Physiological ecology of harmful algal blooms , Edited by: Anderson , DM , Cembella , AD and Hallegraeff , GM . 267 – 292 . Heidelberg, , Germany : Springer . [cited 2008 Jun 26]. Available from: http://www.glf.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/dapr-radp/docs/bates_et_al_blooms_asi_chapter_1998.pdf/
   Google Scholar
• Bates , SS , Léger , C , Wells , ML and Hardy , K . 2003 . Photodegradation of domoic acid Proceedings of the Eighth Canadian Workshop on Harmful Marine Algae. Can Tech Rep Fish Aquat Sci No. 2498. p. 30–35; [cited 2008 Jun 26] Edited by: Bates , SS . Available from: http://www.glf.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/dapr-radp/docs/bates_et_al_8th_cwhma_photodegradation_of_da_2003.pdf/
   Google Scholar
• Bates , SS and Trainer , VL . 2006 . “ The ecology of harmful diatoms ” . In Ecology of harmful algae , Edited by: Granéli , E and Turner , J . 81 – 93 . Heidelberg, , Germany : Springer .
   Google Scholar
• Bertaud , E . 1968 . International tables for X-ray crystallography , Birmingham, , (UK) : Kynoch .
   Google Scholar
• Bouillon , R-C , Kieber , RJ , Skrabal , SA and Wright , JLC . 2008 . Photochemistry and identification of photodegradation products of the marine toxin domoic acid . Mar Chem , 110 : 18 – 27 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bouillon , R-C , Knierim , TL , Kieber , RJ , Skrabal , SA and Wright , JLC . 2006 . Photochemistry of the algal toxin domoic acid in natural water matrices . Limnol Oceanogr , 51 : 321 – 330 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell , AV , McKinnon , KL , Whitehead , RF , Skrabal , SA , Keiber , RJ and Wright , JLC . 2004 . Transformation and photodegradation of domoic acid in seawater Harmful algae 2002 , Edited by: Steidinger , KA , Landsberg , JH , Tomas , CR and Vargo , GA . 150 – 152 . Paris, FL : Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Florida Institute of Oceanography, and Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO .
   Google Scholar
• Djaoued , Y , Badilescu , S , Ashrit , PV , Bersani , D , Lottici , PP and Bruning , RJ . 2002 . Low temperature sol-gel preparation of nanocrystalline TiO2 thin films . J Sol-Gel Sci Technol , 24 : 247 – 254 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doucette , GJ , Scholin , CA , Ryan , JP , Tyrrell , JV , Marin , R and Powell , CL . Possible influence of Pseudo-nitzschia australis population and toxin dynamics on food web impacts in Monterey Bay, CA, USA . Abstracts of the Xth International Conference on Harmful Algae . 2002 , St Pete Beach, Florida. 21–25 October . pp. 76 USA
   Google Scholar
• Fisher , JM , Reese , JG , Pellichia , PJ , Moeller , PL and Ferry , JL . 2006 . Role of Fe(III), phosphate, dissolved organic matter, and nitrate during the photodegradation of domoic acid in the marine environment . Environ Sci Technol , 40 : 2200 – 2205 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hattori , A , Tokihisa , Y , Tada , H , Tohge , N , Ito , S , Hongo , K , Shiratsuchi , R and Nogami , G . 2001 . Patterning effect of a sol-gel TiO2 overlayer on the photocatalytic activity of a TiO2/SnO2 bilayer-type photocatalyst . J Sol-Gel Sci Technol , 22 : 53 – 61 .
   Google Scholar
• Herrmann , JM . 1999 . Heterogeneous photocatalysis: fundamentals and applications to the removal of various types of aqueous pollutants . Catalysis Today , 53 : 115 – 129 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffmann , MR , Martin , ST , Choi , W and Bahnemann , DW . 1995 . Environmental applications of semiconductor photocatalysis . Chem Rev , 95 : 69 – 96 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lefebvre , KA , Bargu , S , Kieckhefer , T and Silver , MW . 2002 . From sanddabs to blue whales: the pervasiveness of domoic acid . Toxicon , 40 : 971 – 977 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linsebigler , AL , Lu , G and Yates , JT Jr . 1995 . Photocatalysis on TiOn surfaces: principles, mechanisms, and selected results . Chem Rev , 95 : 735 – 758 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu , H , Kelly , MS , Campbell , DA , Dong , SL , Zhu , JX and Wang , SF . 2007 . Exposure to domoic acid affects larval development of king scallop Pecten maximus (Linnaeus, 1758) . Aquatic Toxicol , 81 : 152 – 158 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Liu , H , Kelly , MS , Campbell , DA , Fang , J and Zhu , J . Forthcoming. Accumulation of domoic acid and its effect on juvenile king scallop Pecten maximus (Linnaeus, 1758) . Aquacult ,
   Google Scholar
• Liu , RSH and Hammond , GS . 2003 . Photochemical reactivity of polyenes: from dienes to rhodopsin, from microseconds to femtoseconds . Photochem Photobiol Sci , 2 : 835 – 844 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Maldonado , MT , Hughes , MP , Rue , EL and Wells , ML . 2002 . The effect of Fe and Cu on growth and domoic acid production by Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries and Pseudo-nitzschia australis . Limnol Oceanogr , 47 : 515 – 526 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Novaczek , I , Madhyastha , MS , Ablett , RF , Johnson , G , Nijjar , MS and Sims , DE . 1991 . Uptake, disposition and depuration of domoic acid by blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) . Aquat Toxicol , 21 : 103 – 118 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paz , Y and Heller , A . 1997 . Photooxidatively self-cleaning transparent titanium dioxide films on soda lime glass: the deleterious effect of sodium contamination and its prevention . J Mat Res , 12 : 2759 – 2766 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paz , Y , Luo , Z , Rabenberg , L and Heller , A . 1995 . Photooxidative self-cleaning transparent titanium dioxide films on glass . J Mat Res , 10 : 2842 – 2848 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rue , E and Bruland , K . 2001 . Domoic acid binds iron and copper: a possible role for the toxin produced by the marine diatom Pseudo-nitzschia . Mar Chem , 76 : 127 – 134 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sberveglieri , G , Depero , LE , Ferroni , M , Guidi , V , Martinelli , G , Nelli , P , Perego , C and Sangaletti , L . 1996 . A novel method for the preparation of nanosized TiO2 thin films . Adv Mat , 8 : 333 – 337 .
   Google Scholar
• Scholin , CA , Gulland , F , Doucette , GJ , Benson , S , Busman , M , Chavez , FP , Cordaro , J , DeLong , R , De Vogelaere , A Harvey , J . 2000 . Mortality of sea lions along the central California coast linked to a toxic diatom bloom . Nature , 403 : 80 – 84 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Serpone , N and Pelizetti , E . 1989 . Photocatalysis: fundamentals and applications , New York, NY : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Trainer , VL , Hickey , B and Bates , SS . 2008 . “ Toxic diatoms ” . In Oceans and human health: risks and remedies from the sea , Edited by: Walsh , PJ , Smith , SL , Fleming , LE , Solo-Gabriele , H and Gerwick , WH . 219 – 237 . New York, NY : Elsevier .
   Google Scholar
• Wright , JLC , Falk , M , McInnes , AG and Walter , JA . 1990 . Identification of isodomoic acid D and two new geometrical isomers of domoic acid in toxic mussels . Can J Chem , 68 : 22 – 25 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu , J and Zhao , X . 2000 . Effect of substrates on the photocatalytic activity of nanometer TiO2 thin films . Mat Res Bull , 35 : 1293 – 1301 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu , J and Zhao , X . 2001 . Effect of surface treatment on the photocatalytic activity and hydrophilic property of the sol-gel derived TiO2 thin films . Mat Res Bull , 36 : 97 – 107 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar