269
Views
29
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Occurrence of patulin and its dietary intake through pear, peach, and apricot juices in Italy

, &
Pages 134-139 | Received 13 Jun 2008, Accepted 23 Jul 2008, Published online: 10 Nov 2009

References

  • Andersen , B , Smedsgaard , J and Frivad , JC . 2004 . Penicillium expansum: consistent production of patulin, chaetoglobosin, and other secondary metabolites in culture and its natural occurrence in fruit products . J Agricult Food Chem , 52 : 2421 – 2428 .
  • Arranz , I , Stroka , J , Kroeger , M , Mischke , C and Anklam , E . 2004 . Validation of an analytical method to determine the content of patulin in apple juice and fruit puree: collaborative trial. Euroreport: EUR 21008. , Geel, , Belgium : European Commission .
  • Buchanan , JR , Sommer , NF , Fortlage , RJ , Maxie , EC , Mitchell , FG and Hseih , DPH . 1974 . Patulin from Penicillium expansum in stone fruits and pears . J Am Soc Horticult Sci , 99 : 262 – 5 .
  • Codex Alimentarius . 2003 . Code of practice for the prevention and reduction of patulin contamination in apple juice and apple juice ingredients in other beverages. CAC/RCP 50 , Rome, , Italy : Codex Alimentarius .
  • Cooray , R , Kiessling , KH and Lindahl-Kiessling , K . 1982 . The effects of patulin and patulin–cysteine mixtures on DNA synthesis and the frequency of sister-chromatid exchanges in human lymphocytes . Food Chem Toxicol , 20 : 893 – 898 .
  • Directorate General–Health and Consumer Protection . 2002 . Assessment of dietary intake of patulin by the population of the EU member states. Reports on tasks for scientific cooperation task 3.2.8 , Brussels, , Belgium : Directorate-General Health and Consumer Protection .
  • European Commission . 2006 . Commission Regulation No. 1881/2006 of 19 December 2006 setting maximum levels for certain contaminants in foodstuffs . Off J Eur Union , L365 : 5 – 24 .
  • European Council . 2001 . Council Directive No. 2001/112 of 20 December 2001 relating to fruit juices and certain similar products intended for human consumption . Off J Eur Union , L10 : 58 – 66 .
  • Frank , HK , Orth , R and Figge , A . 1977 . Patulin in foods of plant origin. II. Several kinds of fruit and vegetables and fruit and vegetable products . Zeitschrift Lebensmitel Unters Forschung , 163 : 111 – 114 .
  • Hayes , AW , Phillips , TD , Williams , WL and Ciegler , A . 1979 . Acute toxicity of patulin in mice and rats . Toxicology , 13 : 91 – 100 .
  • JEFCA . 1995 . Evaluations of certain food additives and contaminants , Technical Report Series No. 859 Geneva, , Switzerland : World Health Organization (WHO) .
  • Jefferys , EG . 1952 . The stability of antibiotics in soils . J Gen Microbiol , 7 : 295 – 312 .
  • Laidou , A , Thanassoulopoulos , CC and Liakopoulou-Kyriakides , M . 2001 . Diffusion of patulin in the flesh of pears inoculated with four post-harvest pathogens . J Phytopathol , 149 : 457 – 461 .
  • Mahfoud , R , Maresca , M , Garmy , N and Fantini , J . 2002 . The mycotoxin patulin alters the barrier function of the intestinal epithelium: mechanism of action of the toxin and protective effects of glutathione . Toxicol Appl Pharmacol , 18 : 1209 – 1218 .
  • Majerus , P and Kapp , K . 2002 . “ Reports on tasks for scientific cooperation, Task 3.2.8 ” . In Assessment of dietary intake of patulin by the population of EU Member States. SCOOP Report , Brussels, , Belgium : European Commission . Available from: http://europa.eu.int/comm/food/fs/scoop/3.2.8_en.pdf/
  • Moake , MM , Padilla-Zakour , OI and Worobo , RW . 2005 . Comprehensive review of patulin control methods in foods . Comprehensive Rev Food Sci Food Safety , 1 : 8 – 21 .
  • Muraca , P . 2000 . Una grande sete di succhi di frutta . Largo Consumo , 21 : 13 – 17 .
  • Piemontese , L , Solfrizzo , A and Visconti , A . 2005 . Occurrence of patulin in conventional and organic fruit products in Italy and subsequent exposure assessment . Food Addit Contam , 22 : 437 – 442 .
  • Russo , C , Cardillo , C and Perito , MA . 2002 . Product innovation and imperfection competition of the Italian fruit-drink industry . Int Food Agribus Manage Rev , 6 : 70 – 83 .
  • Rychlik , M and Schieberle , P . 1999 . Quantification of the mycotoxin patulin by a stable isotope dilution assay . J Agricult Food Chem , 47 : 3749 – 3755 .
  • Scott , PM and Somers , E . 1968 . Stability of patulin and penicillic acid in fruit juices and flour . J Agricult Food Chem , 16 : 483 – 485 .
  • Snowdon , AL . 1990 . Color atlas of post-harvest diseases & disorders of fruit & vegetables. Introduction and fruit , Vol. 1 , Boca Raton, , FL, USA : CRC Press .
  • Spadaro , D , Ciavorella , A , Frati , S , Garibaldi , A and Gullino , ML . 2007 . Incidence and level of patulin contamination in pure and mixed apple juices marketed in Italy . Food Contr , 18 : 1098 – 1102 .
  • Sydenham , EW , Vismer , HF , Marasa , WFO , Brown , N , Schlechter , M , Van der Westhuizen , L and Rheeder , JP . 1995 . Reduction of patulin in apple juice samples–influence of initial processing . Food Contr , 6 : 195 – 200 .
  • Thompson , M , Ellison , SLR and Wood , R . 2002 . Harmonized guidelines for single-laboratory validation of methods of analysis (IUPAC Technical Report) . Pure Appl Chem , 74 : 835 – 855 .
  • Turrini , A , Saba , A , Perrone , D , Ciafala , E and D’Amicis , A . 2001 . Food consumption pattern in Italy: the INN-CA study 1994–1996 . Eur J Clin Nutr , 55 : 571 – 588 .
  • Weidenbörner , M . 2001 . Encyclopaedia of food mycotoxins , Berlin, , Germany : Springer .
  • Wichmann , G , Herbarth , O and Lehmann , I . 2002 . The mycotoxins citrinin, gliotoxin, and patulin affect interferon-g rather than interleukin-4 production in human blood cells . Environ Toxicol , 17 : 211 – 218 .
  • Zenith International . 2004 . West Europe fruit juice , Bath, , UK : Zenith International .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.