Migration of bisphenol A from plastic baby bottles, baby bottle liners and reusable polycarbonate drinking bottles

References

• Bair , HE , Falcone , DR , Hellman , MY , Johnson , GE and Kelleher , PG . 1979 . Formation of BPA on the surface of hydrolyzed polycarbonate. American Chemical Society, Polymer Preprints . Division of Polymer Chemistry , 20 : 614 – 619 .
   Google Scholar
• Biedermann-Brem , S , Grob , K and Fjeldal , P . 2008 . Release of bisphenol A from polycarbonate baby bottles: mechanisms of formation and investigation of worst case scenarios . Eur Food Res Tech , 227 : 1053 – 1060 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biles , JE , McNeal , TP and Begley , TH . 1997 . Determination of bisphenol-A in reusable polycarbonate food-contact plastics and migration to food-simulating liquids . J Agricult Food Chem , 45 : 3541 – 3544 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brede , C , Fjeldal , P , Skjevrak , I and Herikstad , H . 2003 . Increased migration levels of bisphenol A from polycarbonate baby bottles after dishwashing, boiling and brushing . Food Additives and Contaminants , 7 : 684 – 689 .
   Google Scholar
• Cao , XL and Corriveau , J . 2008 . Determination of bisphenol A in water by isotope dilution headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry without derivatization . J AOAC Int , 91 : 622 – 629 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D’Antuono , A , Dall’Orto , VC , Lo Balbo , A , Sobral , S and Rezzano , I . 2001 . Determination of bisphenol A in food-simulating liquids using LCED with a chemically modified electrode . J Agricult Food Chem , 49 : 1098 – 1101 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Department of the Environment and Department of Health, Canada. 2008. Screening assessment for challenge phenol, 4,4´-(1-methylethylidene)bis-(bisphenol A). CAS Registry No. 80-05-7. Available from: http://www.ec.gc.ca/substances/ese/eng/challenge/batch2/batch2_80-05-7_en.pdf/
   Google Scholar
• Ehlert , KA , Beumer , CWE and Groot , MCE . 2008 . Migration study of bisphenol A into water from polycarbonate baby bottles during microwave heating . Food Addit Contam , 25 : 904 – 910 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) . 2006 . Opinion of the scientific panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food on a request from the Commission related to 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane (bisphenol A). Question number EFSA-Q-2005-100 . EFSA J , 428 : 1 – 75 .
   Google Scholar
• Joseph , EA , Paul , DR and Barlow , JW . 1982 . Boiling water aging of a miscible blend of polycarbonate and a copolyester . J Appl Poly Sci , 27 : 4807 – 4819 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kawamura , Y , Koyama , Y , Takeda , Y and Yamada , T . 1998 . Migration of bisphenol A from polycarbonate products . J Food Hyg Soc Jpn , 39 : 206 – 212 .
   Google Scholar
• Lang , IA , Galloway , TS , Scarlett , A , Henley , WE , Depledge , M , Wallace , RB and Melzer , D . 2008 . Association of urinary bisphenol A concentration with medical disorders and laboratory abnormalities in adults . J Am Med Assoc , 300 : 1303 – 1310 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Le , HH , Carlson , EM , Chue , JP and Belcher , SM . 2008 . Bisphenol A is released from polycarbonate drinking bottles and mimics the neurotoxic actions of estrogen in developing cerebellar neurons . Toxicol Lett , 176 : 149 – 156 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maragou , NC , Makri , A , Lampi , EN , Thomaidis , NS and Koupparis , MA . 2008 . Migration of bisphenol A from polycarbonate baby bottles under real use conditions . Food Addit Contam , 25 : 373 – 383 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miyamoto , K and Kotake , M . 2006 . Estimation of daily bisphenol A intake of Japanese individuals with emphasis on uncertainty and variability . Environ Sci , 13 : 15 – 29 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mountfort , KA , Tabata , J , Jickells , SM and Castel , L . 1997 . Investigations into the potential degradation of polycarbonate baby bottles during sterilization with consequent release of bisphenol A . Food Addit Contam , 14 : 737 – 740 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Narkis , M and Bell , JP . 1982 . An unusual microcracking/healing phenomenon in polycarbonate at room temperature . J Appl Polym Sci , 27 : 2809 – 2814 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Narkis , M , Nicholais , L , Apicella , A and Bell , JP . 1984 . Hot water aging of polycarbonate . Polym Eng Sci , 24 : 211 – 217 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Toxicology Program (NTP). 2008. NTP-CERHR monograph on the potential human reproductive and developmental effects of bisphenol A. NIH Publication No. 08-5994. September. Available from: http://cerhr.niehs.nih.gov/chemicals/bisphenol/bisphenol.pdf/
   Google Scholar
• Pryde , CA , Kelleher , PG , Hellman , MY and Wentz , RP . 1982 . Hydrolytic stability of some commercially available polycarbonates . Polym Eng Sci , 22 : 370 – 375 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PSL-Health Canada. 2002. Determination of leachable lead and cadmium from glazed ceramics and glassware [Internet]. Available from: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/cps-spc/alt_formats/hecs-sesc/pdf/prod-test-essai/_method-chem-chim/c-10-eng.pdf/
   Google Scholar
• PSL-Health Canada. 2007. Method to identify unknown polymers and plasticizers by FTIR [Internet]. 2007. Available from: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/cps-spc/alt_formats/hecs-sesc/pdf/prod-test-essai/_method-chem-chim/c-35-eng.pdf/
   Google Scholar
• Sun , Y , Wada , M , Al-Dirbashi , O , Kuroda , N , Nakazawa , H and Nakashima , K . 2000 . High-performance liquid chromatography with peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence detection of bisphenol A migrated from polycarbonate baby bottles using 4-(4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl) benzoyl chloride as a label . J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl , 749 : 49 – 56 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thompson , T and Klemchuk , PP . 1996 . “ Lightstabilization of bisphenol A polycarbonate ” . In Polymer durability: degradation, stabilization, and lifetime prediction , Edited by: Clough , RL , Billingham , NC and Gillen , KT . 303 – 317 . Washington, DC : American Chemical Society .
   Google Scholar
• Tominaga , T , Negishi , T , Miyachi , A , Inoue , A , Hayasaka , I and Yoshikawa , Y . 2006 . Toxicokinetics of bisphenol A in rats, monkeys and chimpanzees by the LC-MS/MS method . Toxicology , 226 : 208 – 217 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• US Food and Drug Administration (USFDA). 2007. Guidance for industry: preparation of pre-market submissions for food contact substances: chemistry recommendations [internet]. Available from: http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/opa3pmnc.html/
   Google Scholar
• Volkel , W , Colnot , T , Csanady , GA , Filser , JG and Dekant , W . 2002 . Metabolism and kinetics of bisphenol A in humans at low doses following oral administration . Chem Res Toxicol , 15 : 1281 – 1287 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vom Saal , FS , Akingbemi , BT , Belcher , SM , Birnbaum , LS , Crain , DA , Eriksen , M , Farabollini , F , Guillette , LJ Jr , Hauser , R Heindel , JJ . 2007 . Chapel Hill bisphenol A expert panel consensus statement: Integration of mechanisms, effects in animals and potential to impact human health at current levels of exposure . Reprod Toxicol , 24 : 131 – 138 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vom Saal , FS and Hughes , C . 2005 . An extensive new literature concerning low-dose effects of bisphenol A shows the need for a new risk assessment . Environ Hlth Perspect , 113 : 926 – 933 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wong , KO , Leo , LW and Seah , HL . 2005 . Dietary exposure assessment of infants to bisphenol A from the use of polycarbonate baby milk bottles . Food Addit Contam , 22 : 280 – 288 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar