Exploring the effect of formulation parameters on the particle size of carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles prepared via reverse micellar crosslinking

References

• Abdelwahed W, Degobert G, Stainmesse S, Fessi H. Freeze-drying of nanoparticles: formulation, process and storage considerations. Adv Drug Deliv Rev, 2006;58:1688–713.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• An NT, Dong NT, Le Dung P. Water-soluble N-carboxymethylchitosan derivatives: Preparation, characteristics and its application. Carbohydr Polym, 2009;75:489–97.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banerjee T, Mitra S, Kumar Singh A, Kumar Sharma R, Maitra A. Preparation, characterization and biodistribution of ultrafine chitosan nanoparticles. Int J Pharm, 2002;243:93–105.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biró E, Németh AS, Feczkó T, Tóth J, Sisak C, Gyenis J. Three-step experimental design to determine the effect of process parameters on the size of chitosan microspheres. Chem Eng Process, 2009;48:771–9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bodnár M, Hartmann JF, Borbély J. Nanoparticles from chitosan. Macromol Symp, 2005;227:321–6.
   Google Scholar
• Bugnicourt L, Ladavière C. Interests of chitosan nanoparticles ionically cross-linked with tripolyphosphate for biomedical applications. Prog Polym Sci, 2016;60:1–17.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen SC, Wu YC, Mi FL, Lin YH, Yu LC, Sung HW. A novel pH-sensitive hydrogel composed of N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan and alginate cross-linked by genipin for protein drug delivery. J Control Release, 2004;96:285–300.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crawford L, Rosch J, Putnam D. Concepts, technologies, and practices for drug delivery past the blood–brain barrier to the central nervous system. J Control Release, 2016;240:251–66.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dash M, Chiellini F, Ottenbrite RM, Chiellini E. Chitosan—A versatile semi-synthetic polymer in biomedical applications. Prog Polym Sci, 2011;36:981–1014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Britto D, Celi Goy R, Campana Filho SP, Assis OBG. Quaternary salts of chitosan: History, antimicrobial features, and prospects. Int J Carbohydr Chem, 2011;2011:Article ID 312539. doi: 10.1155/2011/312539
   Google Scholar
• Dev A, Mohan JC, Sreeja V, Tamura H, Patzke G, Hussain F, Weyeneth S, Nair S, Jayakumar R. Novel carboxymethyl chitin nanoparticles for cancer drug delivery applications. Carbohydr Polym, 2010;79:1073–9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dubey RR, Parikh RH. Two-stage optimization process for formulation of chitosan microspheres. AAPS PharmSciTech, 2004;5:20–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Efthimiadou EK, Metaxa A-F, Kordas G. 2015. Modified polysaccharides for drug delivery. In: Ramawat KG, Mérillon J-M, eds. Polysaccharides: Bioactivity and biotechnology. Switzerland: Springer, pp. 1805–35.
   Google Scholar
• Fei Liu X, Lin Guan Y, Zhi Yang D, Li Z, De Yao K. Antibacterial action of chitosan and carboxymethylated chitosan. J Appl Polym Sci, 2001;79:1324–35.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gazori T, Khoshayand MR, Azizi E, Yazdizade P, Nomani A, Haririan I. Evaluation of alginate/chitosan nanoparticles as antisense delivery vector: Formulation, optimization and in vitro characterization. Carbohydr Polym, 2009;77:599–606.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ge HC, Luo DK. Preparation of carboxymethyl chitosan in aqueous solution under microwave irradiation. Carbohydr Res, 2005;340:1351–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gu C, Sun B, Wu W, Wang F, Zhu M. Synthesis, characterization of copper-loaded carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles with effective antibacterial activity. Macromol Symp, 2007;254:160–6.
   Google Scholar
• Guo B, Yuan J, Gao Q. pH and ionic sensitive chitosan/carboxymethyl chitosan IPN complex films for the controlled release of coenzyme A. Colloid Polym Sci, 2008;286:175–81.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kadajji VG, Betageri GV. Water soluble polymers for pharmaceutical applications. Polymers. 2011;3:1972–2009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kafshgari MH, Khorram M, Mansouri M, Samimi A, Osfouri S. Preparation of alginate and chitosan nanoparticles using a new reverse micellar system. Iran Polym J, 2012;21:99–107.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kenari HS, Alinejad Z, Imani M, Nodehi A. Effective parameters in determining cross-linked dextran microsphere characteristics: screening by Plackett–Burman design-of-experiments. J Microencapsulation, 2013a;30:599–611.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kenari HS, Imani M, Nodehi A. Full factorial design‐of‐experiments for preparation of crosslinked dextran microspheres. J Appl Polym Sci, 2013b;127:3712–24.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumirska J, Czerwicka M, Kaczyński Z, Bychowska A, Brzozowski K, Thöming J, Stepnowski P. Application of spectroscopic methods for structural analysis of chitin and chitosan. Marine Drugs, 2010;8:1567–636.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leung R, Shah DO. Solubilization and phase equilibria of water-in-oil microemulsions: II. Effects of alcohols, oils, and salinity on single-chain surfactant systems. J Colloid Interface Sci, 1987;120:330–44.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu G, Shao L, Ge F, Chen J. Preparation of ultrafine chitosan particles by reverse microemulsion. China Particuology, 2007a;5:384–90.
   Google Scholar
• Liu Y-F, Huang K-L, Peng D-M, Ding P, Li G-Y. Preparation and characterization of glutaraldehyde cross-linked O-carboxymethylchitosan microspheres for controlled delivery of pazufloxacin mesilate. Int J Biol Macromol, 2007b;41:87–93.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Logithkumar R, Keshavnarayan A, Dhivya S, Chawla A, Saravanan S, Selvamurugan N. A review of chitosan and its derivatives in bone tissue engineering. Carbohyd Polym, 2016;151:172–88.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu G, Kong L, Sheng B, Wang G, Gong Y, Zhang X. Degradation of covalently cross-linked carboxymethyl chitosan and its potential application for peripheral nerve regeneration. Eur Polym J, 2007;43:3807–18.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malmsten M. 2002. Surfactants and polymers in drug delivery. New York: Marcel Dekker.
   Google Scholar
• Mathew DS, Juang R-S. Role of alcohols in the formation of inverse microemulsions and back extraction of proteins/enzymes in a reverse micellar system. Sep purif Technol, 2007;53:199–215.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mattioli-Belmonte M, Gigante A, Muzzarelli R, Politano R, De Benedittis A, Specchia N, Buffa A, Biagini G, Greco F. N,N-dicarboxymethyl chitosan as delivery agent for bone morphogenetic protein in the repair of articular cartilage. Med Biol Eng Comput, 1999;37:130–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nazzal S, Khan MA. Response surface methodology for the optimization of ubiquinone self-nanoemulsified drug delivery system. AAPS PharmSciTech, 2002;3:23–31.
   Google Scholar
• Olla M, Monduzzi M, Ambrosone L. Microemulsions and emulsions in DDAB/W/oil systems. Colloids Surf A: Physicochem Eng Aspects, 1999;160:23–36.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patel G, Shelat P, Lalwani A. Statistical modeling, optimization and characterization of solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system of lopinavir using design of experiment. Drug Deliv, 2016;23:3027–42.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patel MP, Patel RR, Patel JK. Chitosan mediated targeted drug delivery system: A review. J Pharm Pharm Sci, 2010;13:536–57.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pileni M. Nanosized particles made in colloidal assemblies. Langmuir, 1997;13:3266–76.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rahmani S, Mohammadi Z, Amini M, Isaei E, Taheritarigh S, Tehrani NR, Tehrani MR. Methylated 4-N,N dimethyl aminobenzyl N,O carboxymethyl chitosan as a new chitosan derivative: Synthesis, characterization, cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity. Carbohydr Polym, 2016;149:131–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts GaF. 1992. Chitin chemistry. London: Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Safran S, Turkevich L. Phase diagrams for microemulsions. Phys Rev Lett, 1983;50:1930.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salimi-Kenari H, Imani M, Nodehi A, Abedini H. An engineering approach to design of dextran microgels size fabricated by water/oil emulsification. J Microencapsulation, 2016;33:511–23.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sayın B, Somavarapu S, Li X, Thanou M, Sesardic D, Alpar H, Şenel S. Mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan (MCC) and N-trimethyl chitosan (TMC) nanoparticles for non-invasive vaccine delivery. Int J Pharm, 2008;363:139–48.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shen J, Wu L, Qiu J, Gao C. Pervaporation separation of water/isopropanol mixtures through crosslinked carboxymethyl chitosan/polysulfone hollow‐fiber composite membranes. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007;103:1959–65.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh Y. 2006. Martin’s physical pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences. New Jersey: Department of Pharmaceutics Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey.
   Google Scholar
• Suri GS, Kaur A, Sen T. A recent trend of drug-nanoparticles in suspension for the application in drug delivery. Nanomedicine, 2016;11:2861–76.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taghipour MY, Haririan I, Tamaddon A, S, Mohammadi Samani B. The effects of technical and compositional variables on the size and release profile of bovine serum albumin from PLGA based particulate systems. Res Pharm Sci, 2014;9:407–20.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tang ZX, Qian JQ, Shi LE. Preparation of chitosan nanoparticles as carrier for immobilized enzyme. Appl Biochem Biotechnol, 2007;136:77–96.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vold IMN. 2004. Periodate oxidised chitosans: structure and solution properties. Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Department of Biotechnology.
   Google Scholar
• Wang F, Zhao J, Zhou H, Li W, Sui N, Liu H. O‐carboxymethyl chitosan entrapped by silica: preparation and adsorption behaviour toward neodymium (III) ions. J Chem Technol Biotechnol, 2013;88:317–25.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yancheva E, Paneva D, Maximova V, Mespouille L, Dubois P, Manolova N, Rashkov I. Polyelectrolyte complexes between (cross-linked) N-carboxyethylchitosan and (quaternized) poly [2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate]: Preparation, characterization, and antibacterial properties. Biomacromolecules, 2007;8:976–84.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• You JO, Peng CA. 2005. Calcium‐alginate nanoparticles formed by reverse microemulsion as gene carriers. Macromol Symp, 2005;219:147–53.
   Google Scholar
• Yu S, Zhang X, Tan G, Tian L, Liu D, Liu Y, Yang X, Pan W. A novel pH-induced thermosensitive hydrogel composed of carboxymethyl chitosan and poloxamer cross-linked by glutaraldehyde for ophthalmic drug delivery. Carbohydr Polym, 2017;155:208–17.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang T, Liu H, Chen J. Affinity extraction of BSA with reversed micellar system composed of unbound Cibacron Blue. Biotechnol Prog, 1999;15:1078–82.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar