Umbilical temperature correlation with core and skin temperatures at rest, in the heat and during physical activity

References

• Sessler DI. (2008). Temperature monitoring and perioperative thermoregulation. Anesthesiol 109:318–38.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moran DS, Mendal L. (2002). Core temperature measurement: methods and current insights. Sports Med 32:879–85.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richmond VL, Wilkinson DM, Blacker SD, et al. (2013). Insulated skin temperature as a measure of core body temperature for individuals wearing CBRN protective clothing. Phys Meas 34:1531–43.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor NAS, Amos D. (1997). Insulated skin temperature and cardiac frequency as indices of thermal strain during work in hot environments. Commonwealth of Australia, Department of Defence, Defence Science and Technology Organisation: (Report DSTO-TR-0590).
   Google Scholar
• Schmidt-Nielsen K, editor. (1997). Animal physiology: adaptation and environment. 5th ed. Cambridge (UK): Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Parsons K, ed. (2002). Human thermal environments: the effects of hot, moderate, and cold environments on human health, comfort and performance. 3rd ed. Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press.
   Google Scholar
• Byrne C, Lim CH. (2007). The ingestible telemetric body core temperature sensor: a review of validity and exercise applications. Br J Sports Med 41:126–33.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barnes RB. (1963). Thermography of the human body. Science 140:870–7.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Barnes RB. (1967). Determination of body temperature by infrared emission. J Appl Physiol 22:1143–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Millar KG. (1966). Placental localization by thermography. Br Med J 1:1571–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Willman MK. (1978). Pitfalls of abdominal thermography. J Am Osteopath Assoc 72:913–20.
   Google Scholar
• Goodlin RV, Brooks PG. (1987). Abdominal wall hot spots in pregnant women. J Reprod Med 32:177–80.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siah CJR, Childs C. (2015). Thermographic mapping of the abdomen in healthy subjects and patients after enterostoma. J Wound Care 24:112–20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Savastano DM, Gorbach AM, Eden HS, et al. (2009). Adiposity and human regional body temperature. Am J Clin Nutr 90:1124–31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rhodes RA. (2012). Laparoscopic trocar complications. In: Wetter PA, ed. Prevention and management of laparoendoscopic surgical complications. 3rd ed. Miami (FL): Society of Laparoscopic Surgeons. Available from: http://laparoscopy.blogs.com/prevention_management_3/2010/11/laparoscopic-trocar-complications.html.
   Google Scholar
• Cullen TS, ed. (1916). Embryology, anatomy and diseases of the umbilicus: together with disease of the urachus. Philadelphia (PA): WB Saunders.
   Google Scholar
• Neidhardt JPH. (1987). Surgical anatomy of the anterolateral and posterior abdominal walls and points of weakness. In: Chevrel JP, ed. Surgery of the abdominal wall. Berlin (GmbH): Springer-Verlag, 4–25.
   Google Scholar
• Braastad FW, Condon RE, Gyorkey F. (1967). The umbilical vein. Surgical anatomy in the normal adult. Arch Surg 95:948–55.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ying DJ, Ho GT, Cai JX. (1997). Anatomic bases of the vascularized hepatic teres ligament flap. Surg Radiol Anat 19:293–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Begg RC. (1930). The urachus: its anatomy, histology and development. J Anat 64:170–83.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kim M, Oh ST. (2015). A computed tomographic study of umbilical anatomy: the relationship between umbilical thickness and diameter. Int J Morphol 33:1060–4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stokes RB, Whetzel TP, Sommerhaug E, et al. (1998). Arterial vascular anatomy of the umbilicus. Plast Reconstr Surg 102:761–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kravitz H. (1966). Temperature of the umbilicus. J Pediatr 68:418–22.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grayson J. (1951). Observations on the temperature of the human rectum. Br Med J 2:1379–82.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Behrens BJ, Nussbaum EL, Panus PC. (2014). Ultrasound and phonophoresis. In: Behrens BJ, Beinert H, eds. Physical agents: theory and practice. Philadelphia (PA): F.A. Davis, 90–118.
   Google Scholar
• Dollberg S, Xi Y, Donnelly MM. (1993). A noninvasive transcutaneous alternative to rectal thermometry for continuous measurement of core temperature in the piglet. Pediatr Res 34:512–17.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graf W. (1959). Patterns of human liver temperature. Acta Physiol Scand Suppl 46:1–135.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Grayson J, Kinnear T. (1962). Observations on temperature, blood flow and heat production in the human liver in relation to environment and to glucose and insulin administration. Clin Sci 22:125–40.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brundin T, Thorne A, Wahren J. (1992). Heat leakage across the abdominal wall and meal-induced thermogenesis in normal-weight and obese subjects. Metabolism 41:49–55.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shinohara K, Hashimoto D, Hoshino T, et al. (1997). [Measurement of intra-abdominal temperature and humidity during the gas-less laparoscopic surgery by abdominal wall lifting]. Jap J Gastroenterol Surg 30:1065.
   Google Scholar
• Grayson J, Kinnear T. (1963). Temperature of human liver. Fed Proc Biol 22:775–6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Taylor NAS, Wilsmore BR, Amos D, et al. (1998). Indirect measurement of core temperature during work clothing and environmental influences. In: Hogdon JA, Heaney JH, Buono MJ, eds. Environmental Ergonomics VIII. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Environmental Ergonomics; Oct 18–23, 1998; San Diego (CA): San Diego State University, 325–328.
   Google Scholar
• Buono MJ, Ulrich RL. (1998). Comparison of mean skin temperature using “covered” versus “uncovered” contact thermistors. Physiol Meas 19:297–300.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomas KA. (2003). Comparability of infant abdominal skin and axillary temperatures. Newborn Infant Nurs Rev 3:173–8.
   Google Scholar
• Bach AJE, Stewart IB, Disher AE, et al. (2015). A comparison between conductive and infrared devices for measuring mean skin temperature at rest, during exercise in the heat, and recovery. PLoS One 10:e0117907.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pandolf KB, Goldman RF. (1978). Convergence of skin and rectal temperatures as a criterion for heat tolerance. Aviat Space Environ Med 49:1095–101.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fox RH, Solman AJ. (1971). A new technique for monitoring the deep body temperature in man from the intact skin surface. J Physiol 212:8–10.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fox RH, Solman AJ, Isaacs R, et al. (1973). A new method for monitoring deep body temperature from the skin surface. Clin Sci 44:81–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ball SG, Chalmers DM, Morgan AG, et al. (1973). A clinical apraisal of transcutaneous deep body temperature. Biomed 18:190–4.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tsuji T, Nakajima K, Takeuchi T, et al. (1976). Dynamic thermometry by deep body thermometer in man. Brain Nerve 13:220–6.
   Google Scholar
• Teunissen LPJ, Klewer J, de Haan A, et al. (2011). Non-invasive continuous core temperature measurement by zero heat flux. Physiol Meas 32:559–70.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu X, Karis AJ, Buller MJ, Santee WR. (2013). Relationship between core temperature, skin temperature, and heat flux during exercise in heat. Eur J Appl Physiol 113:2381–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Santee WR, Xu X, Yokota M, et al. (2015). Core temperature and surface heat flux during exercise in heat while wearing body armor. Natick (MA): U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine. Technical Report No T16-1, October, 2015. Available from: http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA622653.
   Google Scholar
• Kimberger O, Thell R, Schuh M, et al. (2009). Accuracy and precision of a novel non-invasive core thermometer. Br J Anaesthesia 103:226–31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gunga HC, Werner A, Stahn A, et al. (2009). The double sensor – a non-invasive device to continuously monitor core temperature in humans on earth and in space. Resp Physiol Neurobiol 169:S63–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gunga HC, Sandsun M, Reinertsen RE, et al. (2008). A non-invasive device to continuously determine heat strain in humans. J Therm Biol 33:297–307.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moore TL, Lunt M, McManus B, et al. (2003). Seventeen-point dermal untrasound scoring system – a reliable measure of skin thickness in patients with systemic sclerosis. Rheumatology 42:1559–63.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laurent A, Mistretta F, Bottigioli D, et al. (2007). Echographic measurement of skin thickness in adults by high frequency ultrasound to assess the appropriate microneedle length for intradermal delivery of vaccines. Vaccine 25:6423–30.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar