Suicide and masochism: The evolving relationship between guilt, suffering, self-attack and suicide

References

• Bibring , E. 1953 . “ The mechanism of depression ” . In Affective disorders , Edited by: Greenacre , P. 13 – 48 . New York : New York Universities Press .
   Google Scholar
• Bieber , I. 1991 . Comments on The depressed masochistic patient . Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis , 19 : 684 – 685 . by R.C. Friedman
   Google Scholar
• Freud , S. 1905 . The three essays on the theory of sexuality. SE , VII
   Google Scholar
• Freud , S. 1917 . Mourning and melancholia. SE , XIV
   Google Scholar
• Freud , S. 1923 . The ego and the id. SE , XIX
   Google Scholar
• Freud , S. 1924 . The economic problem of masochism. SE , XIX
   Google Scholar
• Goldblatt , M.J. and Maltsberger , J.T. 2010 . Self attack as a means of self-preservation . International Journal of Applied Psychoanalytic Studies , 7 ( 1 ) : 58 – 72 .
   Google Scholar
• Loewenstein , R.M. 1955 . A contribution to the psychoanalytic theory of masochism . Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association , 5 : 197 – 234 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maltsberger , J.T. and Buie , D.H. 1973 . Countertransference hate in the treatment of suicidal patients . Archives of General Psychiatry , 30 : 625 – 633 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maltsberger , J.T. , Ronningstam , E. , Weinberg , I. , Schechter , M. and Goldblatt , M.J. 2010 . Suicide fantasy as a life-sustaining recourse . Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis and Dynamic Psychiatry , In press
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McWilliams , N. 1994 . Psychoanalytic diagnosis. Understanding personality structure in the clinical process , New York : The Guilford Press .
   Google Scholar
• Menaker , E. 1953 . Masochism – A defense reaction of the ego . Psychoanalytic Quarterly , 22 : 205 – 220 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Menninger , K.A. 1933 . Psychoanalytic aspect of suicide . International Journal of Psychoanalysis , 14 : 376 – 390 .
   Google Scholar
• Reich , W. 1972 [1933] . Character analysis , New York : Farrar, Straus, & Giroux .
   Google Scholar
• Sandler , J. and Sander , A.M. 1978 . On the development of object relationships and affects . International Journal of Psycho-Analysis , 59 : 285 – 296 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schafer , R. 1984 . The pursuit of failure and the idealization of unhappiness . American Psychologist , 39 : 398 – 405 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar