Participation in full-time education beyond 16: a ‘home international’ comparison

REFERENCES

• ARMSTRONG , D. 1996 . Staying on in Full-Time Education in Northern Ireland: An Economic Analysis. Research Report , Bangor : DENI .
   Google Scholar
• ARMSTRONG , D. 1998 . “ Helping young people avoid unemployment: The relative success of different routes post-16 ” . In In: ‘Network on Transitions in Youth’, Transitions in Youth: Combating Exclusion: Proceedings of ate Fourth European Workshop , Dublin : Agency .
   Google Scholar
• CANNING, R. (1999). ‘The ’home internationals‘ and post-16 research in education and training’. Paper to Scottish Educational Research Association, Dundee.
   Google Scholar
• CENTRAL STATISTICAL OFFICE (CSO) . 1991 . Regional Trends 26 , London : HMSO .
   Google Scholar
• SO , C . 1995 . Regional Trends 30 , London : HMSO .
   Google Scholar
• CHENG , Y. 1995 . Staying on in Full-Time Education after 16: Do Schools make a Difference? Research Series Youth Cohort Report No 37 , London : DfEE .
   Google Scholar
• DAVIES , P. and ADNETT , N. 1999 . Quasi-market reforms and vocational schooling in England: An economic analysis . Journal of Education and Work , 12 ( 2 ) : 141 – 56 .
   Google Scholar
• DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION NORTHERN IRELAND . August 1998 . Participation in Full-time Education by 16 and 17 Year Olds in Northern Ireland 1997/98. Statistical Press Release, 25 , August , Bangor : DENI .
   Google Scholar
• DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION NORTHERN IRELAND . 1999a . Compendium of Northern Ireland Education Statistics 1981/82 to 1993/94 , Bangor : DENI .
   Google Scholar
• DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION NORTHERN IRELAND . (1999b). Participation in Full-time Education by 16 and 17 Year Olds in Northern Ireland 1998/99. Statistical Press Release, 19 October . Bangor : DENI .
   Google Scholar
• DEPARTMENT FOR EDUCATION AND EMPLOYMENT . 1996 . YCS: Trends in the Activities and experiences of 16–18 Year Olds: England and Wales: 1985–94. Statistical Bulletin 7–96 , London : DfEE .
   Google Scholar
• DEPARTMENT FOR EDUCATION AND EMPLOYMENT . 1997 . Investing in Young People , London : DfEE .
   Google Scholar
• DEPARTMENT FOR EDUCATION AND EMPLOYMENT . 1998 . The Learning Age. Cm 3790 , London : The Stationery Office .
   Google Scholar
• DEPARTMENT FOR EDUCATION AND EMPLOYMENT . 1999 . Participation in Education and Training by 16–18 Year Olds in England: 1988 to 1998. Statistical First Release 13–1999 , London : DfEE .
   Google Scholar
• DEPARTMENT FOR EDUCATION AND EMPLOYMENT and CABINET OFFICE . 1996 . The Skills Audit , London : DfEE .
   Google Scholar
• EDWARDS , T. , FITZ-GIBBON , C. T. , HARDMAN , F. , HAYWOOD , R. and MEAGHER , N. 1997 . Separate but Equal? A levels and GNVQs , London : Roudedge .
   Google Scholar
• FINEGOLD , D. and SOSKICE , D. 1988 . The failure of training in Britain: analysis and prescription . Oxford Review of Economic Policy , 4 : 3
   Google Scholar
• GRAY , J. , JESSON , D. and SIME , N. 1992 . The ’discouraged worker‘ revisited: Post-16 participation in education south of the Border . Sociology , 26 ( 3 ) : 493 – 505 .
   Google Scholar
• GRAY , J. , JESSON , D. and TRANMER , M. 1993 . Boosting post-16 participation in full-time education: A study of some key factors. Research Series Youth Cohort Report No 20 London
   Google Scholar
• GRAY , J. , JESSON , D. and TRANMER , M. 1994 . Local labour market variation in post-16 participation: Evidence from the end of the eighties. Research Series Youth Cohort Report No 26 London
   Google Scholar
• HOWIESON , C. , RAFFE , D. , SPOURS , K. and YOUNG , M. 1997 . Unifying academic and vocational learning: the state of the debate in England and Scotland . Journal of Education and Work , 10 ( 1 ) : 5 – 35 .
   Google Scholar
• INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC POLICY RESEARCH (1990). A British Baccalauréat? London.
   Google Scholar
• KEEP , E. 1991 . “ The grass looked greener ” . In International Comparisons of Vocational Education and Training for Intermediate Skills , Edited by: RYAN , P. London : Palmer .
   Google Scholar
• MCPHERSON , A. 1992 . “ The Howie Committee on post-compulsory schooling ” . In The Scottish Government Yearbook 1992. Unit for the Study of Government , Edited by: PATERSON , L. and MCCRONE , D. Scotland : University of Edinburgh .
   Google Scholar
• MCPHERSON , A. , RAFFE , D. and ROBERTSON , C. 1990 . Highers and Higher Education , Edinburgh : AUT .
   Google Scholar
• MANPOWER SERVICES COMMISSION (1981). New Training Initiative: A Consultative Document.Sheffield.
   Google Scholar
• MARTIN C. and RAFFE D. 1999 ‘Full-time participation in education at 16, 17 and 18: a comparison of survey data and official statistics for England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland’. Working Paper. CES, University of Edinburgh .
   Google Scholar
• NATIONAL ASSEMBLY FOR WALES . 1999 . Statistics of Education and Training , Wales : Schools 1999. Cardiff .
   Google Scholar
• NATIONAL COMMISSION ON EDUCATION . 1993 . Learning to Succeed , London : Heinemann .
   Google Scholar
• OFFICE OF NATIONAL STATISTICS . 1998 . Regional Trends 33 , London : The Stationery Office .
   Google Scholar
• PATERSON , L. and RAFFE , D. 1995 . Staying-on in Scotland: 1985–1991 . Oxford Review of Education , 21 ( 1 ) : 3 – 23 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PAYNE , J. 1998 . Routes at Sixteen: Trends and Choices in the Nineties. Research Report 55 , London : DfEE .
   Google Scholar
• RAFFE , D. 1998 . Does learning begin at home? The use of ’home international‘ comparisons in UK policy-making . Journal of Education Policy , 13 : 591 – 602 .
   Google Scholar
• RAFFE , D. and SURRIDGE , P. 1995 . More of the Same? Participation of 16–18 Year Olds in Educatio. NCE Briefing (New Series). 6 , London : National Commission on Education .
   Google Scholar
• RAFFE , D. and WILLMS , J.D. 1989 . Schooling the discouraged worker . Sociology , 23 : 559 – 81 .
   Google Scholar
• RAFFE , D. , BRANNEN , K. , CROXFORD , L. and MARTIN , C. 1999 . Comparing England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland: the case for home internationals in comparative research . Comparative Education , 35 ( 1 ) : 9 – 25 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RICHARDSON , W. 1993 . “ The 16–19 education and training debate ” . In The Reform of Post-16 Education and Training in England and Wales , Edited by: RICHARDSON , W. , WOOLHOUSE , J. and FINEGOLD , D. . Harlow : Longman .
   Google Scholar
• ROYAL SOCIETY (1991). Beyond GCSE. London.
   Google Scholar
• SCOTTISH EXECUTIVE . 1999 . Participation in Education by 16–21 Year Olds in Scotland: 1987–88 to 1997–98. Statistical Bulletin Edn/C3/1999/2 , Edinburgh : SEED .
   Google Scholar
• SCOTTISH OFFICE . 1992 . Upper Secondary Education in Scotland. The Howie Report , Edinburgh : HMSO .
   Google Scholar
• SCOTTISH OFFICE . 1994 . Higher Still: Opportunity for AU , Edinburgh : Scottish Office .
   Google Scholar
• SPOURS, K. (1995a). Post-16 Participation, Attainment and Progression. Post 16 Education Centre, University of London Institute of Education.
   Google Scholar
• SPOURS K. 1995b The strengths and weaknesses of GNVQs: Principles of Redesign. Post 16 Education Centre, University of London Institute of Education .
   Google Scholar
• STEEDMAN H and GREEN A. 1996 Widening Participation in Further Education and Training: A Survey of the Issues. Centre for Economic Performance, London School of Economics .
   Google Scholar
• TURNER , R. 1961 . “ Modes of social ascent through education: sponsored and contest mobility ” . In Education, Economy and Society , Edited by: HALSEY , A.H. , FLOUD , J. and ANDERSON , C.A. . New York : Free Press .
   Google Scholar
• YOUNG M. HODGSON A. and LENEY T. 1995 Unifying the Post-Compulsory Curriculum: Lessons from France and Scotland. University of London Institute of Education .
   Google Scholar
• CONFEDERATION OF BRITISH INDUSTRY . 1989 . Towards a Skills Revolution , London : CBI .
   Google Scholar
• BALL , S. , MAGUIRE , M. and MACRAE , S. 1998 . ‘Education markets in the post 16 sector of one urban locality’ , London : King's College .
   Google Scholar