468
Views
22
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Photopolymerisation kinetics and electro-optical properties in mixtures of dichroic dye-doped nematic liquid crystal and photocurable polymer

&
Pages 1050-1059 | Received 02 Jan 2013, Accepted 02 May 2013, Published online: 03 Jun 2013

References

  • Doane , JW. 1990 . “ Polymer dispersed liquid crystal displays ” . In Liquid crystals: applications and uses , Edited by: Bahadur , B . Vol. 1 , 362 – 396 . Singapore : World Scientific .
  • Yeh , P and Gu , C. 1999 . Optics of liquid crystal displays , New York, NY : John Wiley & Sons .
  • Chigrinov , VG. 1999 . Liquid crystal devices: physics and applications , Boston, MA : Artech House .
  • Drzaic , PS. 1995 . Liquid crystal dispersions , Singapore : World Scientific .
  • Doane , JW , Golemme , A , West , JL , Whitehead , JB and Wu , BG. 1988 . Polymer dispersed liquid crystals for display applications . Mol Cryst Liq Cryst , 165 : 511 – 532 .
  • Lin , YH , Ren , H and Wu , ST. 2004 . High contrast polymer-dispersed liquid crystal in a 90° twisted cell . Appl Phys Lett , : 4083 – 4085 . 84
  • Ren , H , Lin , YH , Fan , YH and Wu , ST. 2005 . Polarization-independent phase modulation using a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal . Appl Phys Lett , 86 : 141110
  • Vicari , L. 1997 . Electro-optic phase modulation by polymer dispersed liquid crystals . J Appl Phys , 81 : 6612 – 6615 .
  • Ramanitra , H , Chanclou , P , Vinouze , B and Dupont , L. 2003 . Application of polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) nematic: optical-fiber variable attenuator . Mol Cryst Liq Cryst , 404 : 57 – 73 .
  • Baek , S , Jeong , Y , Kim , HR , Lee , SD and Lee , B. 2003 . Electrically controllable in-line-type polarizer using polymer-dispersed liquid-crystal spliced optical fibers . Appl Opt , 42 : 5033 – 5039 .
  • Buyuktanir , EA , Glushchenko , A , Wall , B , West , JL , Mitrokhin , M and Holter , B. 2005 . Flexible bistable smectic-A LCD on PDLC . Proc SID , 36 : 1778 – 1781 .
  • Maschke , U , Coqueret , X and Benmouna , M. 2002 . Electro-optical properties of polymer dispersed liquid crystals . Macromol Rapid Commun , 23 : 159 – 170 .
  • Deshmukh , RR and Malik , MK. 2008 . Effects of the composition and nematic–isotropic phase transition on the electro-optical responses of unaligned polymer-dispersed liquid crystals. I. Composites of poly(methyl methacrylate) and E8 . J Appl Polym Sci , 108 : 3063 – 3072 .
  • Mormille , P , Musto , P , Petti , L , Ragosta , G and Villano , P. 2000 . Electro-optical properties of a PDLC based on unsaturated polyester resin . Appl Phys B. , 70 : 249 – 252 .
  • Lueder , E. 2001 . Liquid crystal displays , Chichester : Wiley .
  • Song , P , Cao , H , Wang , F , Ellahi , M and Yang , H. 2012 . Study of polymer-dispersed liquid crystal systems using epoxies/acrylates as hybrid polymer matrix components . Liq Cryst , 39 : 903 – 909 .
  • Deshmukh , RR and Malik , MK. 2008 . Effect of temperature on the optical and electro-optical properties of poly(methyl methacrylate)/E7 polymer dispersed liquid crystal composites . J Appl Polym Sci , 109 : 627 – 637 .
  • Mucha , M. 2003 . Polymer as an important component of blends and composites with liquid crystals . Prog Polym Sci , 28 : 837 – 873 .
  • Granqvist , CG , Green , S , Niklasson , GA , Mlyuka , NR , von Kraemer , S and Georen , P. 2010 . Thin solid films , 518 : 3046 – 3053 .
  • Lucchetta , DE , Criante , L , Francescangeli , O and Simoni , F. 2004 . Light amplification by dye-doped holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystals . Appl Phys Lett , 84 : 4893 – 4895 .
  • Kalkar , AK and Kunte , VV. 2002 . Electro-optical studies on polymer dispersed liquid crystal composite films. II. Composites of PVB/E44 and PMMABA/E44 . Mol Cryst Liq Cryst , 383 : 1 – 25 .
  • Parab , SS , Malik , MK and Deshmukh , RR. 2012 . Dielectric relaxation and electro-optical switching behavior of nematic liquid crystal dispersed in poly(methyl methacrylate) . J Non-Cryst Solids , 358 : 2713 – 2722 .
  • Malik , MK , Bhatia , PG and Deshmukh , RR. 2012 . Effect of nematic liquid crystals on optical properties of solvent induced phase separated PDLC composite films . Ind J Sci Technol , 5 : 3440 – 3452 .
  • Meng , Q , Cao , H , Kashima , M , Liu , H and Yang , H. 2010 . Effects of the structures of epoxy monomers on the electro-optical properties of heat-cured polymer-dispersed liquid crystal films . Liq Cryst , 37 : 189 – 193 .
  • Ahmad , F , Jamil , M , Woo , LJ and Jeon , YJ. 2012 . The investigation of molecular affinity involved in poly(ethylene glycol)-based polymer-dispersed liquid crystal display . Colloid Polym Sci , 290 : 599 – 606 .
  • Matsui , M , Suzuki , M , Mizuno , K and Funabiki , K. 2004 . Application of polyfluorophenazines to dichroic fluorescent dyes in guest-host liquid crystal displays . Liq Cryst , 31 : 1463 – 1467 .
  • Koysal , O , Okutan , M , San , SE , Dincer , F , Ahsen , V and Durmus , M. 2009 . Electro-optical characteristics of photoinduced isomerization in 2,2′-azobis[5,6-bis(dodecyloxy)quinoxaline]-azo-dye-dopedd nematic liquid crystals . J Phys Chem Solids , 70 : 266 – 271 .
  • Malik , P and Raina , KK. 2010 . Dichroic dye-dependent studies in guest-host polymer-dispersed liquid crystal films . Physica B , 405 : 161 – 166 .
  • Ahmad , F , Jamil , M , Jeon , YJ , Woo , LJ , Jung , JE and Jang , JE. 2012 . Investigation of nonionic diazo dye-doped polymer dispersed liquid crystal film . Bull Mater Sci , 35 : 221 – 231 .
  • Wu , ST and Fuh , AYG. 2005 . Lasing in photonic crystals based on dye-doped holographic polymer-dispersed liquid crystal reflection gratings . Jpn J Appl Phys , 44 : 977 – 980 .
  • Palarie , I , Dascalu , C , Iacobescu , GE and Varut , MC. 2012 . Surface morphology of doped nematic liquid crystals: role of dye concentration . Liq Cryst , 39 : 833 – 837 .
  • Matsui , M , Okada , S , Kadowaki , M and Yamada , M. 2002 . Synthesis of perfluorobutyl-substituted ester-disazo dyes and their application to guest-host liquid crystal displays . Liq Cryst , 29 : 707 – 712 .
  • Park , NH , Park , SL and Suh , KD. 2002 . Photochromic characteristics of monodisperse microcapsules containing azobenzene derivative-doped nematic liquid crystals . Liq Cryst , 29 : 1253 – 1258 .
  • Kumar , P and Raina , KK. 2007 . Morphological and electro-optical responses of dichroic polymer dispersed liquid crystal films . Curr Appl Phys , 7 : 636 – 642 .
  • Priimagi , A , Cattaneo , S , Ras , RHA , Valkama , S , Ikkala , O and Kauranen , M. 2005 . Polymer–dye complexes: a facile method for high doping level and aggregation control of dye molecules . Chem Mater , 17 : 5798 – 5802 .
  • Matharu , AS , Jeeva , S and Ramanujam , PS. 2007 . Liquid crystals for holographic optical data storage . Chem Soc Rev , 36 : 1868 – 1880 .
  • Yesodha , SK , Pillai , CKS and Tsutsumi , N. 2004 . Stable polymeric materials for nonlinear optics: a review based on azobenzene systems . Prog Polym Sci , 29 : 45 – 74 .
  • Yager , KG and Barrett , CJ. 2006 . Novel photo-switching using azobenzene functional materials . J Photochem Photobiol A , 182 : 250 – 261 .
  • Crawford , NJ , Dadmun , ND , Bunning , TJ and Natarajan , LV. 2006 . Time-resolved light scattering of the phase separation in polymer-dispersed liquid crystals formed by photo-polymerization induced phase separation . Polymer , 47 : 6311 – 6321 .
  • Chan , PK and Rey , AD. 1997 . Polymerization-induced phase separation. 2. Morphological analysis . Macromolecules , 30 : 2135 – 2143 .
  • Nwabunma , D and Kyu , T. 2001 . Phase behavior, photopolymerization, and morphology development in mixtures of eutectic nematic liquid crystal and photocurable monomer . Polymer , 42 : 801 – 806 .
  • Kyu , T and Lee , JH. 1996 . Nucleation initiated spinodal decomposition in a polymerizing system . Phys Rev Lett , 76 : 3746 – 3749 .
  • Wang , JH , Zhang , BY , Qu , WZ , Chu , HS and Li , H. 2010 . The kinetics of photo-polymerization in the fabrication of polymer-dispersed liquid crystals doped with nano-graphite . Liq Cryst , 37 : 1 – 11 .
  • Nwabunma , D , Chiu , HW and Kyu , T. 2000 . Morphology development and dynamics of photopolymerization-induced phase separation in mixtures of a nematic liquid crystal and photocuratives . Macromolecules , 33 : 1416 – 1424 .
  • White , TJ , Natarajan , LV , Tondiglia , VP , Bunning , TJ and Guymon , CA. 2007 . Polymerization kinetics and monomer functionality effects in thiol-ene polymer dispersed liquid crystals . Macromolecules , 40 : 1112 – 1120 .
  • Lin , YH , Ren , H , Wu , YH , Liang , X and Wu , ST. 2005 . Surface anchoring effect on the morphology and performance of polymer-dispersed liquid crystal . Proc SPIE , 5741 : 74 – 82 .
  • Deshmukh , RR and Malik , MK. 2013 . Effect of dichroic dye on phase separation kinetics and electro-optical characteristics of polymer dispersed liquid crystals . J Phys Chem Solids , 74 : 215 – 224 .
  • Kumar , P , Neeraj , Kang SW , Lee , SH and Raina , KK. 2011 . Analysis of dichroic dye-doped polymer-dispersed liquid crystal materials for display devices . Thin Solids Films , 520 : 457 – 463 .
  • Malik , P , Bubnov , AM and Raina , KK. 2008 . Electro-optic and thermo-optic properties of phase separated polymer dispersed liquid crystal films . Mol Cryst Liq Cryst , 494 : 242 – 251 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.