Double gyroid structures made of asymmetric dimers

References

• Tschierske C. Development of structural complexity by liquid-crystal self-assembly. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2013;52:8828–8878. doi:10.1002/anie.201300872
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diele S. On thermotropic cubic mesophases. Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 2002;7:333–342. doi:10.1016/S1359-0294(02)00086-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Imperor-Clerc M. Thermotropic cubic mesophases. Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 2005;9:370–376. doi:10.1016/j.cocis.2004.12.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tschierske C. Liquid crystalline materials with complex mesophase morphologies. Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 2002;7:69–80. doi:10.1016/S1359-0294(02)00014-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kutsumizu S. Recent progress in the synthesis and structural clarification of thermotropic cubic phases. Isr. J. Chem. 2012;52:844–853. doi:10.1002/ijch.v52.10
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Imperor-Clerc M, Veber M, Levelut A-M. phase transition between single crystals of two thermotropic cubic phases from a mixture of 3,5-didodecyloxybenzoic acid and C18-ANBC. Chem. Phys. Chem. 2001;8/9:533–535.
   Google Scholar
• Luzzati V, Spegt PA. Polymorphism of lipids. Nature. 1967;215:701–704. doi:10.1038/215701a0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Honda T, Kawakatsu T. Epitaxial transition from gyroid to cylinder in a diblock copolymer melt. Macromol. 2006;39:2340–2349. doi:10.1021/ma052075z
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dai H, Yang X, Tan X, et al. Liquid crystalline 2-thienyl-4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazines exhibiting Im3m and Pm3n micellar cubic phases in an inverted sequence. Chem. Commun. 2013;49:10617–10619. doi:10.1039/c3cc45467c
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodby W, Collings PJ, Kato T, et al. Handbook of liquid crystals. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH; 2014.
   Google Scholar
• Vogrin M, Vaupotic N, Wojcik MM, et al. Thermotropic cubic and tetragonal phases made of rod-like molecules. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2014;16:16067–16074. doi:10.1039/C4CP01641F
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suisse J-M, Mori H, Monobe H, et al. Charged carrier mobility in the cubic (Ia3d) mesophase of 1,2-bis(4′-n-nonyloxybenzoyl)hydrazine (BABH-9). Soft Matt. 2011;7:11086–11088. doi:10.1039/c1sm06224g
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shimizu Y, Oikawa K, Nakayama K, et al. Mesophase semiconductors in field effect transistors. J. Mater. Chem. 2007;17:4223–4229. doi:10.1039/b705534j
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ichikawa T, Yoshio M, Hamasaki A, et al. Induction of thermotropic bicontinuous cubic phases in liquid-crystalline ammonium and phosphonium salts. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012;134:2634–2643. doi:10.1021/ja209010m
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hori R, Furukawa D, Yamamoto K, et al. Light-driven phase transition in a cubic-phase-forming binary system composed of 4′-n-docosyloxy-3′-nitrobiphenyl-4-carboxylic acid and an azobenzene derivative. Chem. Eur. J. 2012;18:7346–7350. doi:10.1002/chem.201200810
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mori A, Yamamoto E, Kubo K, et al. Bicontinuous cubic phase with the Pn3m space group formed by N,N,N-tris(5-alkoxytroponyl)-1,5,9-triazacyclododecanes. Liq. Cryst. 2010;37:1059–1065. doi:10.1080/02678292.2010.482677
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeng X, Cseh L, Mehl GH, et al. Testing the triple network structure of the cubic Im3m (I) phase by isomorphous replacement and model refinement. J. Mater. Chem. 2008;18:2953–2961. doi:10.1039/b805965a
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goossens K, Wellens S, Van Hecke K, et al. T-shaped ionic liquid crystals based on the imidazolium motif: exploring substitution of the c-2 imidazolium carbon atom. Chem. Eur. J. 2011;17:4291–4306. doi:10.1002/chem.201001921
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu F, Prehm M, Zeng X, et al. Skeletal cubic, lamellar, and ribbon phases of bundled thermotropic bolapolyphiles. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014;136:6846–6849. doi:10.1021/ja502410e
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fazio D, Mongin C, Donnio B, et al. Bending and shaping: cubics, calamitics and columnars. J. Mater. Chem. 2001;11:2852–2863. doi:10.1039/b104724h
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bruce DW. Calamitics, cubics, and columnarsliquid-crystalline complexes of silver(I). Acc. Chem. Res. 2000;33:831–840. doi:10.1021/ar990159k
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nguyen H-T, Destrade C, Malthete J. Phasmids and polycatenar mesogens. Adv. Mater. 1997;9:375–388. doi:10.1002/adma.19970090503
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borisch K, Diele S, Göring P, et al. Tailoring thermotropic cubic mesophases: amphiphilic polyhydroxy derivatives. J. Mater. Chem. 1998;8:529–543. doi:10.1039/a705359b
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borisch K, Diele S, Göring P, et al. Molecular design of amphitropic liquid crystalline carbohydrates–amphiphilic N-methyl-glucamides exhibiting lamellar, columnar or cubic mesophases. Chem. Comm. 1996;237–238. doi:10.1039/cc9960000237
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frise AE, Ichikawa T, Yoshio M, et al. Ion conductive behaviour in a confined nanostructure: NMR observation of self-diffusion in a liquid-crystalline bicontinuous cubic phase. Chem. Commun. 2010;46:728–730. doi:10.1039/B915931B
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Imrie CT, Henderson PA. Liquid crystal dimers and higher oligomers: between monomers and polymers. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2007;36:2096–2124. doi:10.1039/b714102e
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tamba MG, Salili SM, Zhang C, et al. A fibre forming smectic twist–bent liquid crystalline phase. RSC Adv. 2015;5:11207–11211. doi:10.1039/C4RA14669G
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cestari M, Diez-Berart S, Dunmur DA, et al. Phase behavior and properties of the liquid-crystal dimer 1′′,7′′-bis(4-cyanobiphenyl-4′-yl) heptane: a twist-bend nematic liquid crystal. Phys. Rev. E. 2011;84:031704–20. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.84.031704
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borshch V, Kim Y-K, Xiang J, et al. Nematic twist-bend phase with nanoscale modulation of molecular orientation. Nat. Comm. 2013;4:2635–2638. doi:10.1038/ncomms3635
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen D, Porada JH, Hooper JB, et al. Chiral heliconical ground state of nanoscale pitch in a nematic liquid crystal of achiral molecular dimers. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A. 2013;110(40):15931–15936. doi:10.1073/pnas.1314654110
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen D, Nakata M, Shao R, et al. Twist-bend heliconical chiral nematic liquid crystal phase of an achiral rigid bent-core mesogen. Phys. Rev. E. 2014;89:022506–5. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.89.022506
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pociecha D, Kardas D, Gorecka E, et al. Modulated and intercalated smectic phases formed by dimeric molecules. J. Mater. Chem. 2003;13:34–37. doi:10.1039/b208892d
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takanishi Y, Toshimitsu M, Nakata M, et al. Frustrated smectic layer structures in bent-shaped dimer liquid crystals studied by x-ray microbeam diffraction. Phys. Rev. E. 2006;74:051703–10. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.74.051703
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Izumi T, Naitou Y, Shimbo Y, et al. Several types of bilayer smectic liquid crystals with ferroelectric and antiferroelectric properties in binary mixture of dimeric compounds. J. Phys. Chem. B. 2006;110:23911–23919. doi:10.1021/jp062208y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cho B-K, Ryu J-H, Zin W-C, et al. Synthesis of liquid crystalline rod-coil dimers based on poly(propylene oxide) coil. Polymer Bulletin. 2000;44:393–400. doi:10.1007/s002890070089
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kajitani T, Kohmoto S, Yamamoto M, et al. Spontaneous chiral induction in a cubic phase. Chem. Mater. 2005;17:3812–3819. doi:10.1021/cm0477319
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehmann M, Jahr M, Donnio B, et al. Star-shaped oligobenzoates: non-conventional mesogens forming columnar helical mesophases. Chem. Eur. J. 2008;14:3562–3576. doi:10.1002/(ISSN)1521-3765
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barbera J, Jimenez J, Laguna A, et al. Cyclotriphosphazene as a dendritic core for the preparation of columnar supermolecular liquid crystals. Chem. Mater. 2006;18:5437–5445. doi:10.1021/cm061147d
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dressel C, Reppe T, Prehm M, et al. Chiral self-sorting and amplification in isotropic liquids of achiral molecules. Nat. Chem. 2014;6:971–977. doi:10.1038/nchem.2039
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dressel C, Liu F, Prehm M, et al. Dynamic mirror-symmetry breaking in bicontinuous cubic phases. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2014;53:13115–13120. doi:10.1002/anie.201406907
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alaasar M, Prehm M, Brautzsch M, et al. 4-Methylresorcinol based bent-core liquid crystals with azobenzene wings – a new class of compounds with dark conglomerate phases. J. Mater. Chem. C. 2014;2:5487–5501. doi:10.1039/C4TC00533C
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deshpande S, Venugopal E, Ramagiri S, et al. Enhancing cubosome functionality by coating with a single layer of poly-ε-lysine. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 2014;6:17126–17133. doi:10.1021/am5047872
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar