References
- Louis C, Pluchery O. Gold nanoparticles for physics, chemistry and biology. Imperial College Press; 2012. ISBN 978-1-84816-806-0.
- Israelachvili JN, Mitchell DJ, Ninham BW. Theory of self-assembly of hydrocarbon amphiphiles into micelles and bilayers. J Chem Soc Faraday Trans 2. 1976;72:1525–1568.
- Israelachvili JN, Marcelja S, Horn RG. Physical principles of membrane organization. Q Rev Biophys. 1980;13:121–200.
- Israelachvili JN. Intermolecular and surface forces. New York: Academic Press; 1985. p. 229–271.
- Tanford C. The hydrophobic effect: formation of micelles and biological membranes. New York: Wiley; 1980. p. 43–59.
- Carnie S, Israelachvili JN, Pailthorpe BA. Lipid packing and transbilayer asymmetries of mixed lipid vesicles. Biochim Biophys Acta, Biomembr. 1979;554:340–357.
- Nagarajan R. Molecular packing parameter and surfactant self-assembly: the neglected role of the surfactant tail. Langmuir. 2002;18:31–38.
- Simpson FP, Mandle RJ, Moore JN, et al. Investigating the cusp between the nano- and macro-sciences in supermolecular liquid-crystalline twist-bend nematogens. J Mater Chem C. 2017;5:5102–5110.
- Gray GW, Harrison KJ, Nash JA. New family of nematic liquid crystals for displays. Electron Lett. 1973;9:130.
- Panov VP, Nagaraj M, Vij JK, et al. Spontaneous periodic deformations in nonchiral planar-aligned bimesogens with a nematic-nematic transition and a negative elastic constant. Phys Rev Lett. 2010;105:167701.
- Eidenschink R, Erdman D, Kause J, et al. Substituted phenylcyclohexanes - new class of liquid-crystalline compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 1977;16:100.
- Eidenschink R, Kause J, Pohl L Cyclohexanderivate. DE-OS Patent 2,636,684, 1978.
- Pohl L, Eidenschink R, Kause J, et al. Physical-properties of nematic phenylcyclohexanes, a new class of low melting liquid-crystals with positive dielectric anisotropy. Phys Lett. 1977;60A:421–423.
- Donelan J. Enabling technology. Inf Disp. 2011;27:8–9.
- Eidenschink R, Erdman D, Kause J, et al. Substituted bicyclohexyls - new class of nematic liquid-crystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 1978;17:133–134.
- Eidenschink R, Haas G, Römer M, et al. Liquid-crystalline 4-bicyclohexylcarbonitriles with extraordinary physical-properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 1984;23:147.
- Gray GW. Kyoto prizes and Inamori grants. Kyoto, Japan: The Inamori Foundation; 1995. p. 97–119.
- Toyne KJ. Liquid crystal behaviour in relation to molecular structure. in thermotropic liquid crystals. In: Gray GW, editor. Thermotropic liquid crystals. Vol. 22. Chichester: John Wiley and Sons; 1987. p. 36–63.
- Goodby JW. The nanoscale engineering of nematic liquid crystals for displays. Liq Cryst. 2011;38:1363–1387.
- Kosterlitz JM, Thouless DJ. Ordering, metastability and phase-transitions in 2 dimensional systems. J Phys C. 1973;6:1181.
- Halperin BI, Nelson DR. Theory of 2-dimensional melting. Phys Rev Lett. 1978;41:121.
- Ocko BM, Kortan AR, Birgeneau RJ, et al. A high resolution X-ray scattering study of the phases and phase transitions in N-(4-n-butyloxybenzylidene)-4-n-heptylaniline (4O.7). J Phys. 1984;45:113–128.
- Pindak R, Moncton DE, Davey SC, et al. X-ray observation of a stacked hexatic liquid crystal B phase. Phys Rev Lett. 1981;46:1135–1138.
- Huang CC, Viner JM, Pindak R, et al. A heat capacity study of the stacked hexatic B to smectic A phase transition. Phys Rev Lett. 1981;46:1289–1292.
- Goodby JW. Relationships betwen molecular structure and the incidence of crystal B and hexatic B phases. In: Johnson J, Griffin AC, editors. liquid crystals and ordered fluids. Vol. 4. New York: Plenum; 1984. p. 175–201.
- Goodby JW. Smectic polymorphism and molecular shape - the orthogonal phases. Mol Cryst Liq Cryst. 1981;75:179–199.
- Leadbetter AJ, Frost JC, Gaughan JP, et al. The structure of smectic A phases of compounds with cyano end groups. J Physique. 1979;40:375–380.
- Mandle RJ, Davis EJ, Cowling SJ, et al. Self-organization through size exclusion in soft materials. J Mater Chem C. 2015;3:2380–2388.
- Goodby JW, Waugh MA, Stein SM, et al. Characterization of a new helical smectic liquid crystal. Nature. 1989;337:449–452.
- Goodby JW, Waugh MA, Stein SM, et al. A new molecular ordering in helical liquid crystals. J Am Chem Soc. 1989;111:8119–8125.
- Goodby JW, Mandle RJ, Davis EJ, et al. What makes a liquid crystal? The effect of free volume on soft matter. Liq Cryst. 2015;42:593–622.
- Levelut A-M, Germain C, Keller P, et al. 2 new mesophases in a chiral compound. J Phys. 1983;44:623–629.
- Zhong T, Mandle RJ, Saez IM, et al. Rods to discs in the study of mesomorphism in discotic liquid crystals. Liq Cryst. 2018;45:13–15.
- Vroeg GJ, Lekkerkerker HNW. Phase transitions in lyotropic colloidal and polymer liquid crystals. Rep Prog Phys. 1992;55::1241–1309.
- Gray GW, Goodby JW. Smectic liquid crystals – textures and structures. Glasgow: Leonard Hill; 1984. ISBN 0-249-44168-3.
- Leadbetter AJ. Structural classification of liquid crystals. In: Gray GW, editor. Thermotropic liquid crystals, critical reports on applied chemistry. Vol. 20. Chichester: Wiley; 1987. p. 1–27. ISBN 0-471-91504-1.
- Saez IM, Goodby JW. Supermolecular liquid crystals, in liquid crystalline functional assemblies and their supramolecular structures. Series Ed Mingos DMP. In: Kato T, Editor. Structure and bonding. Vol. 128. Berlin and Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag; 2008. p. 1–62.
- Goodby JW, Saez IM, Cowling SJ, et al. Molecular complexity and the control of self-organising processes. Liq Cryst. 2009;36:567–605.
- Saez IM, Goodby JW. Supermolecular liquid crystals. J Mater Chem. 2005;15:26–40.
- de Gennes P-G. Soft matter. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 1992;842–845.
- de Gennes P-G. Soft matter. Nobel Lect. 1991 December 9. NobelPrize.org. Nobel Media AB 2019. [cited 2019 Jul 18] [Internet]. Available from: https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1991/gennes/lecture/
- Goodby JW, Saez IM, Cowling SJ, et al. Transmission and amplification of information and properties in nanostructured liquid crystals. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2008;47:2754–2787.
- Goodby JW. Twisted and frustrated states of matter. Proc Royal Soc A. 2012;468:1521–1542.
- Draper M, Saez IM, Cowling SJ, et al. Self-assembly and shape morphology of liquid crystalline gold metamaterials. Adv Funct Mater. 2011;21:1260–1278.
- Prodanov MF, Pogorelova NV, Kryshtal AP, et al. Thermodynamically stable dispersions of quantum dots in a nematic liquid crystal. Langmuir. 2013;29:9301–9309.
- Dozov I. On the spontaneous symmetry breaking in the mesophases of achiral banana-shaped molecules Europhys. Lett. 2001;56:247–253.
- Cestari M, Diez-Berart S, Dunmur DA, et al. Phase behavior and properties of the liquid-crystal dimer 1′′,7′′-bis(4-cyanobiphenyl-4′-yl) heptane: A twist-bend nematic liquid crystal. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlinear Soft Matter Phys. 2011;84:031704.
- Chen D, Nakata M, Shao RF, et al. Phase behavior and properties of the liquid-crystal dimer 1 “,7 “-bis(4-cyanobiphenyl-4 ‘- yl) heptane: A twist-bend nematic liquid crystal. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlinear Soft Matter Phys. 2014;89:022506.
- Mandle RJ, Goodby JW. Progression from nano to macro science in soft matter systems: dimers to trimers and oligomers in twist bend liquid crystals. RSC Adv. 2016;6:34885–34893.
- Ungar G, Percec V, Zuber M. Liquid-crystalline polyethers based on conformational isomerism .20. nematic nematic transition in polyethers and copolyethers based on 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(2-r-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethane with r = fluoro, chloro, and methyl and flexible spacers containing an odd number of methylene units. Macromolecules. 1992;25:75–80.
- Mandle RJ. The dependency of twist-bend nematic liquid crystals on molecular structure: a progression from dimers to trimers, oligomers and polymers. Soft Matter. 2016;7883–7901. and references therein.
- Mandle RJ, Goodby JW. Does topology dictate the incidence of the twist-bend phase? Insights gained from novel, unsymmetrical bimesogens. Chem Eur J. 2016;22:18456–18464.
- Mandle RJ, Davis EJ, Archbold CT, et al. Microscopy studies of the nematic NTB phase of 1,11-di-(1”-cyanobiphenyl-4-yl)undecane. J Mater Chem C. 2014;2:556–566.
- Mach P, Pindak R, Levelut A-M, et al. Structures of Chiral Smectic C Mesophases revealed by polarization-analyzed resonant X-ray scattering. Phys Rev E. 1999;60:6793–6802.
- Fernandes P, Barois P, Grelet E, et al. Extension of the resonant scattering technique to liquid crystals without resonant element. Eur Phys J E. 2006;20:81–87.
- Mandle RJ, Goodby JW. A twist-bend nematic to an intercalated, anticlinic, biaxial phase transition in liquid crystal bimesogens. Soft Matter. 2016;12:1436–1443.
- Abberley JP, Killah R, Walker R, et al. Heliconical smectic phases formed by achiral molecules. Nature Commun. 2018;9:228.
- Salamonczyk M, Vaupotic N, Pociecha D, et al. Multi-level chirality in liquid crystals formed by achiral molecules. Nature Commun. 2019;10:1922.
- Livolant F, Bouligand Y. Liquid crystalline phases given by helical biological polymers (DNA, PBLG and Xanthan), columnar textures. J Physique. 1986;47:1813–1827.
- van Anders G, Klotsa D, Khalid Ahmed N, et al. Understanding shape entropy through local dense packing. PNAS. 2014;111(45): E4812–E4821. and references therein.
- Mandle RJ, Goodby JW. Nanohelicoidal nematic liquid crystal formed by a non-linear duplexed hexamer. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2018;130:7214–7218.
- Mertelj A, Cmok L, Sebastián N, et al. Splay nematic phase. Phys Rev X. 2018;8: 041025. (1-12).
- Mandle RJ, Cowling SJ, Goodby JW. Rational design of rod-like liquid crystals exhibiting two nematic phases. Chem Eur J. 2017;23:14554–14562.
- de Gennes PG. Analogy between superconductors and smectics A. Solid State Commun. 1972;10:753–756.
- Renn SR, Lubenskey TC. Abrikosov dislocation lattice in a model of the cholesteric–to–smectic-A transition. Phys Rev A. 1988;38:2132.
- Goodby JW. Twist grain boundary (TGB) phases. In: Mingos DMP, editor. Structure and bonding - liquid crystals II. Berlin and Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag; 1999. p. 83–147.
- Leadbetter AJ. Structural classification of liquid crystals. In: Gray GW, editor. Thermotropic liquid crystals. Vol. 22. Chichester: John Wiley and Sons; 1987. p. 1–27.