Birefringence studies on alkoxy benzoic acids with dispersed Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles

References

• Thorskelsson K, Bai P, Xu T. Self-assembly and applications of anisotropic nanomaterials – a review. Nano Today. 2015;10(1):48–66.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lagerwall JPF, Scalia. G. A new era for liquid crystal research: applications of liquid crystals in soft matter nano- bio- and microtechnology. Curr App Phy. 2012;12(6):1387–1412.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heemann T, Marx. V. Nanoparticles in liquid crystals: synthesis, self-assembly, defect formation and potential applications. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater. 2007;17(3):226937092.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meier G, Sackmann E, Grabmaier JG. Applications of liquid crystals. Newyark: Springer Verilog; 1975.
   Google Scholar
• Qi H, Hegmann T. Impact of nanoscale particles and carbon nanotubes on current and future generations of liquid crystal displays. J Mater Chem. 2008;18:3288–3294.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tripathi DP, Pardhasaradhi P, Madhav BTP, et al. Synthesis, characterisation and SPIE analysis in pure and nano-dispersed N-(p-n-hexyloxybenzylidene)-p-n-Nonyloxy aniline. Liq Cryst. 2019;46(5):743–753.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bisoyi HK, Kumar S. Liquid-crystal nano science: an emerging avenue of soft self-assembly. Chem Soc Rev. 2011;40:306–319.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pardhasaradhi P, Madhav BTP, Rao MV, et al. Gradient measurement technique to identify phase transitions in nano-dispersed liquid crystalline compounds. Phase Transit. 2016;89(9):902–909.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hegmann T, Qi H, Marx VM. Nanoparticles in liquid crystals: synthesis, self-assembly, defect formation and potential applications. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater. 2007;17:483–508.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khushboo, Sharma P, Malik P, et al. Textural, thermal, optical and electrical properties of iron nanoparticles dispersed 4′-(Hexyloxy)-4-Biphenyl carbonitrile liquid crystal mixture. Liq Cryst. 2017;44:1717–1726.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pal K, Thomas S, Mohan MLNM. Evaluation of versatile CdS nanomaterials based liquid crystals switchable device. J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2017;17:2401–2412.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Madhav BTP, Pardhasaradhi P, Manepalli RKNR, et al. Image enhancement using virtual contrast image fusion on Fe3O4 and ZnO nanodispersed decyloxy benzoic acid. Liq Cryst. 2015;42(9):1329–1336.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaur S, Singh SP, Biradar AM, et al. Enhanced electro-optical properties in gold nanoparticles doped ferroelectric liquid crystals. Appl Phys Lett. 2007;91:023120.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sikharulidze D. Nanoparticles: an approach to controlling an electro-optical behavior of nematic liquid crystals. Appl Phys Lett. 2005;86:033507.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mishra R, Bhattacharjee A, Bhattacharjee D, et al. Temperature-dependent Raman study of pure and silver nanoparticles dispersed N-(4-n-heptyloxybenzylidene)-4ʹ-n-butylaniline (7O.4). Liq Cryst. 2019;46(3):327–339.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mishra R, Bhattacharjee A, Bhattacharjee D, et al. Temperature-dependent vibrational spectroscopic studies of pure and gold nanoparticles dispersed 4-n-Hexyloxy-4ʹ-cyanobiphenyls. Liq Cryst. 2018;45(9):1333–1341.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Podgornov FV, Gavrilyak M, Karaawi A, et al. Mechanism of electrooptic switching time enhancement in ferroelectric liquid crystal/gold nanoparticles dispersion. Liq Cryst. 2018;45(11):1594–1602.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang WS, Liang X, Li CY, et al. Optical and thermal properties of Fe3O4 nanoparticle-doped cholesteric liquid crystals. Liq Cryst. 2018;45(8):1111–1117.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Humpert A, Brown SF, Allen MP. Molecular simulations of entangled defect structures around nanoparticles in nematic liquid crystals. Liq Cryst. 2018;45(1):59–69.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuczynski W, Zywucki B, Malecki J. Determination of orientational order parameter in various liquid-crystalline phases. Mol Cryst Liq Cryst. 2002;381:1–19.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vuks MF. Determination of the optical anisotropy of aromatic molecules from the double refraction of crystals. Opt Spectrosc. 1966;20:361.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neugebauer HEJ. Clausius-Mosotti equation for certain types of anisotropic crystals. Can J Phys. 1954;32:1–8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lippincott ER, Nagarajan G, Stutman JM. Polarizabilities from the δ-Function model of chemical Bin- ding II. Molecules with polar bonds. J Phys Chem. 1966;70:78–84.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murthy YN. Molecular vibration approach to polarizability of me- thyl cinnamate liquid crystal compounds. Acta Phys Polonica A. 1997;91:1069–1079.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Venkata Rao D, Pardhasaradhi P, Pisipati VGKM, et al. Phase transitions and order parameter studies from polarizabilities in 3.Om and 3O.Om liquid crystalline compounds. Mol Cryst Liq Cryst. 2015;623:87–103.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sastry PS, Srinivasu C, Pardhasaradhi P, et al. Orientational order parameter, S, in N -(p - N -ethoxy benzylidene)- p - N -alkoxy anilines, 2O. Om LC compounds. Phase Transitions. 2016;89:37–51.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramakrishna Nanchara Rao M, Prasad PVD, Pisipati VGKM, et al. An optical study on orientational order parameter and molecular polarizability in benzylidene anilines. Solid State Phenom. 2012;181–182:102–105.
   Google Scholar
• Pardhasaradhi P, Murthy CSVS, Lalitha Kumari PV, et al. Orientational order parameter-II - A birefringence study. Mol Cryst Liq Cryst. 2009;511:1211591–1321602.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rajeswari BR, Pardhasaradhi P, Ramakrishna Nanchara Rao M, et al. Optical study of orientational order parameter in p-n-(Phenyl Benzylidene) -p-Alkyl and alkyloxy anilines. Solid-State Phenom. 2012;181–182:75–78.
   Google Scholar
• Prasad PVD, Rao MRN, Kumari JL, et al. Simultaneous observations of textural characterisation and birefringence in liquid crystals. Mol Cryst Liq Cryst. 2009;511:961566–1011571.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rao MRN, Prasad PVD, Pisipati VGKM. Orientational order parameter in alkoxy benzoic acids-optical studies. Mol Cryst Liq Cryst. 2010;528:49–63.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swati P, Kumar PA, Pisipati VGKM. Induced crystal G phase through intermolecular hydrogen bonding II. Influence of alkyl chain length of n-alkyl p-hydroxybenzoates on thermal and phase behaviour. Liq Cryst. 2000;27(5):665–669.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goel P, Arora M, Biradar AM. Electro-optic switching in iron oxide nanoparticle embedded paramagnetic chiral liquid crystal via magneto-electric coupling. J Appl Phys. 2014;115:124905.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silva JB, Brito WD, Mohallem NDS. Influence of heat treatment on cobalt ferrite ceramic powders. Mater Sci Eng. 2004;B112:182–187.
   Google Scholar
• Sun S, Murray CB, Weller D, et al. Monodisperse FePt nanoparticles and ferromagnetic FePt nanocrystal superlattices. Science. 2000;287(5460):1989–1992.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun S. Recent advances in chemical synthesis, self‐assembly, and applications of FePt nanoparticles. Adv Mater. 2006;18(4):393–403.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pankhurst QA, Connolly J, Jones SK, et al. Applications of magnetic nanoparticles in biomedicine. J Phys D Appl Phys. 2003;36(13):167–181.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neuberger T, Schöpf B, Hofmann H, et al. Superparamagnetic nanoparticles for biomedical applications: possibilities and limitations of a new drug delivery system. J Magn Magn Mater. 2005;293(1):483–496.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Portet D, Denizot B, Rump E, et al. Nonpolymeric coatings of iron oxide colloids for biological use as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents. J Colloid Interface Sci. 2001;238(1):37–42.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ito A, Shinkai M, Honda H, et al. Medical applications of functionalized magnetic nanoparticles. J Biosci Bioeng. 2005;100(1):1–11.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meng X, Li H, Chen J, et al. Mössbauer study of cobalt ferrite nanocrystals substituted with rare-earth Y3+ ions. J Magn Magn Mater. 2009;321:1155–1158.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zi Z, Sun Y, Zhu X, et al. Synthesis and magnetic properties of CoFe2O4ferrite nanoparticles. J Magn Magn Mater. 2009;321(9):1251–1255.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phua LX, Xu F, Ma YG, et al. Pure and fully texturized Sr2FeMoO6 thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition from target made with citrate-gel method. Thin Solid Films. 2009;517:5793–5797.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kashevsky BE, Agabekov VE, Prokhorov IV, et al. Study of cobalt ferrite nano suspensions for low frequency ferromagnetic hyperthermia. Particuology. 2008;6(5):322–333.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dattaprasad PV, Rao MRN, Lalithakumari J, et al. Simultaneous characterisation and dilatometry studies on liquid crystalline N-(p-n-decyloxy and undecyloxybenzylidene)-p-toluidines. Phy Chem Liq. 2009;47:123–132.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gray GW. Molecular structures and properties of liquid crystals. London: Academic Press; 1962.
   Google Scholar
• Sivasri J, Rao MC, Giridhar G, et al. Influence of Fe3 O4 nanoparticles dispersed in liquid crystalline compounds – spectroscopic characterization Rasayan. J.Chem. 2016;9(4):556–565.
   Google Scholar
• Sivasri J, Madhav BTP, Rao MC, et al. Nano-dispersed Fe3O4 liquid crystal compound image enhancement using advanced histogram equalization technique. Res J Pharm Biol Chem Sci. 2017;8(1):919–928.
   Google Scholar
• Wu ST. Birefringence dispersions of liquid crystals. Phys Rev A. 1986;33(2):1270–1274.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu ST, Hsu CS, Shyu KF. High birefringence and wide nematic range bis-tolane liquid crystals. Appl Phys Lett. 1999;74(3):344–346.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jayaprada P, Rao MC, Pardhasaradhi P, et al. Optical studies of n-octyloxy-cyanobiphenyl (8ocb) with dispersed ZnO nanoparticles for display device application. Optik – Int J Light Electron Opt. 2019;185:1226–1237.
   Google Scholar
• Pathak G, Katiyar R, Agraharia K, et al. Analysis of birefringence property of three different nematic liquid crystals dispersed with TiO 2 nanoparticles. Opto-Electron Rev. 2018;26(1):11–18.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eskalen Özgan H, Alver Ü, Kerli S. Electro-optical properties of liquid crystals composite with zinc oxide nanoparticles. Acta Phys Polonica A. 2015;127(3):756–760.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim HJ, Kang YG, Park HG, et al. Effects of the dispersion of zirconium dioxide nanoparticles on high performance electro-optic properties in liquid crystal devices. Liq Cryst. 2011;38(7):871–875.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maier W, Saupe A. A simple molecular-statistical theorythe nematic crystalline phase. Part II. Z Naturforsch. 1960;15a:287–292.
   Google Scholar
• Zywucki BJ, Kuczynski W. The orientational order in nematic liquid crystals from birefringence measurements. IEEE J Trans Dielectr Electr Insul. 2001;8(3):512–515.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haller. I. Thermodynamic and static properties of liquid crystals. Prog Solid State Chem. 1975;10:103–118.
   Google Scholar
• Zakerhamidi MS, Rahimzadeh. H. Order parameter and refractive indices of some cyano benzoate nematic liquid crystal with high transition temperature. J Mol Liq. 2012;172:41–45.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Devi GS, Prasad PVD, Latha DM, et al. Order parameter Studies from effective order geometry in 4O.Om and 7O, Om liquid crystalline compound. Liq Cryst. 2013;40:1274–1289.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar