Perioperative nasal and paranasal sinus considerations in transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary disease

References

• Ammirati M, Wei L, Ciric I. Short-term outcome of endoscopic versus microscopic pituitary adenoma surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2013;84:843–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Komotar RJ, Starke RM, Raper DM, Anand VK, Schwartz TH. Endoscopic endonasal compared with microscopic transsphenoidal and open transcranial resection of craniopharyngiomas. World Neurosurg 2012;77:329–41.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jho HD, Carrau RL. Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery: experience with 50 patients. J Neurosurg 1997;87:44–51.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang AJ, Zaidi HA, Laws ED, Jr. History of endonasal skull base surgery. J Neurosurg Sci 2016;60:441–53.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hardy J. Transphenoidal microsurgery of the normal and pathological pituitary. Clin Neurosurg 1969;16:185–217.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jankowski R, Auque J, Simon C, Marchal JC, Hepner H, Wayoff M. Endoscopic pituitary tumor surgery. Laryngoscope 1992;102:198–202.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cavallo LM, Messina A, Gardner P, et al. Extended endoscopic endonasal approach to the pterygopalatine fossa: anatomical study and clinical considerations. Neurosurg Focus 2005;19:E5.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kassam A, Carrau RL, Snyderman CH, Gardner P, Mintz A. Evolution of reconstructive techniques following endoscopic expanded endonasal approaches. Neurosurg Focus 2005;19:1–7.
   Google Scholar
• Kassam A, Snyderman CH, Mintz A, Gardner P, Carrau RL. Expanded endonasal approach: the rostrocaudal axis. Part II. Posterior clinoids to the foramen magnum. Neurosurg Focus 2005;19:E4.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kassam A, Snyderman CH, Mintz A, Gardner P, Carrau RL. Expanded endonasal approach: the rostrocaudal axis. Part I. Crista galli to the sella turcica. Neurosurg Focus 2005;19:E3.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Phan K, Xu J, Reddy R, Kalakoti P, Nanda A, Fairhall J. Endoscopic endonasal versus microsurgical transsphenoidal approach for growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas-systematic review and meta-analysis. World Neurosurg 2017;97:398–406.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cappabianca P, Cavallo LM, de Divitiis O, Solari D, Esposito F, Colao A. Endoscopic pituitary surgery. Pituitary 2008;11:385–90.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nyquist GG, Rosen MR, Friedel ME, Beahm DD, Farrell CJ, Evans JJ. Comprehensive management of the paranasal sinuses in patients undergoing endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery. World Neurosurg 2014;82:S54–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flint PW, Haughey BH, Lund VJ, et al. Cummings otolaryngology. 6th ed. London, UK: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2015.
   Google Scholar
• Little AS, Kelly D, Milligan J, et al. Predictors of sinonasal quality of life and nasal morbidity after fully endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery. JNS 2015;122:1458–65.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenfeld RM, Piccirillo JF, Chandrasekhar SS, et al. Clinical practice guideline (update): adult sinusitis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2015;152:S1–39.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nyquist GG, Friedel ME, Singhal S, et al. Surgical management of rhinosinusitis in endoscopic-endonasal skull-base surgery. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2015;5:339–43.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heo KW, Park SK. Rhinologic outcomes of concurrent operation for pituitary adenoma and chronic rhinosinusitis: an early experience. Am J Rhinol 2008;22:533–6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Venekamp RP, Thompson MJ, Hayward G, et al. Systemic corticosteroids for acute sinusitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011;(12):CD008115.
   Google Scholar
• Head K, Chong LY, Hopkins C, Philpott C, Schilder AG, Burton MJ. Short-course oral steroids as an adjunct therapy for chronic rhinosinusitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016;4:CD011992.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schaberg MR, Shah GB, Evans JJ, Rosen MR. Concomitant transsphenoidal approach to the anterior skull base and endoscopic sinus surgery in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. J Neurol Surg B Skull B 2013;74:241–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poetker DM, Jakubowski LA, Lal D, Hwang PH, Wright ED, Smith TL. Oral corticosteroids in the management of adult chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyps: an evidence-based review with recommendations. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2013;3:104–20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verillaud B, Bresson D, Sauvaget E, et al. Endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis 2012;129:190–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Divitiis E, Cappabianca P, Cavallo M. Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach to the sellar region. In: de Divitiis E, Cappabianca P, eds. Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery. Wien: Springer Science & Business Media; 2012.
   Google Scholar
• Neskey D, Eloy JA, Casiano RR. Nasal, septal, and turbinate anatomy and embryology. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2009;42:193–205, vii.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• García-Garrigós E, Arenas-Jiménez JJ, Monjas-Cánovas I, et al. Transsphenoidal approach in endoscopic endonasal surgery for skull base lesions: what radiologists and surgeons need to know. RadioGraphics 2015;35:1170–85.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weber RK. Nasal packing and stenting. GMS Curr Top Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2009;8:Doc02.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Leopold DA, Hummel T, Schwob JE, Hong SC, Knecht M, Kobal G. Anterior distribution of human olfactory epithelium. Laryngoscope 2000;110:417–21.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nyquist GG, Anand VK, Brown S, Singh A, Tabaee A, Schwartz TH. Middle turbinate preservation in endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery of the anterior skull base. Skull Base 2010;20:343–7.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rice DH, Kern EB, Marple BF, Mabry RL, Friedman WH. The turbinates in nasal and sinus surgery: a consensus statement. Ear Nose Throat J 2003;82:82–4.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kennedy DW. Middle turbinate resection: evaluating the issues–should we resect normal middle turbinates? Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1998;124:107.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Garcia HG, Otten M, Pyfer M, et al. Minimizing septectomy for endoscopic transsphenoidal approaches to the sellar and suprasellar regions: a cadaveric morphometric study. J Neurol Surg B Skull B 2016;77:479–84.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weber RK, Hosemann W. Comprehensive review on endonasal endoscopic sinus surgery. GMS Curr Top Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2015;14:Doc08.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hosemann W, Draf C. Danger points, complications and medico-legal aspects in endoscopic sinus surgery. GMS Curr Top Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2013;12:Doc06.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chen PG, Bassiouni A, Wormald PJ. Incidence of middle turbinate lateralization after axillary flap approach to the frontal recess. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2014;4:333–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laury AM, Oyesiku NM, Hadjipanayis CG, Delgaudio JM, Wise SK. Incidental sinonasal findings identified during preoperative evaluation for endoscopic transsphenoidal approaches. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2013;27:202–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johansson EW, Selling KE, Nsona H, et al. Integrated paediatric fever management and antibiotic over-treatment in Malawi health facilities: data mining a national facility census. Malar J 2016;15:396.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patel MR, Stadler ME, Snyderman CH, et al. How to choose? Endoscopic skull base reconstructive options and limitations. Skull Base 2010;20:397–404.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hadad G, Bassagasteguy L, Carrau RL, et al. A novel reconstructive technique after endoscopic expanded endonasal approaches: vascular pedicle nasoseptal flap. Laryngoscope 2006;116:1882–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johans SJ, Burkett DJ, Swong KN, Patel CR, Germanwala AV. Antibiotic prophylaxis and infection prevention for endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery: our protocol, results, and review of the literature. J Clin Neurosci 2018;47:249–53.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rivera-Serrano CM, Snyderman CH, Gardner P, et al. Nasoseptal “rescue” flap: a novel modification of the nasoseptal flap technique for pituitary surgery. Laryngoscope 2011;121:990–3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu P, Li Z, Liu C, Ouyang J, Zhong S. The posterior pedicled inferior turbinate-nasoseptal flap: a potential combined flap for skull base reconstruction. Surg Radiol Anat 2016;38:187–94.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yadav Y, Sachdev S, Parihar V, Namdev H, Bhatele P. Endoscopic endonasal trans-sphenoid surgery of pituitary adenoma. J Neurosci Rural Pract 2012;3:328–37.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Weber R, Hochapfel F, Draf W. Packing and stents in endonasal surgery. Rhinology 2000;38:49–62.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Solero CL, DiMeco F, Sampath P, et al. Combined anterior craniofacial resection for tumors involving the cribriform plate: early postoperative complications and technical considerations. Neurosurgery 2000;47:1296–304. discussion 1304–1295.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kono Y, Prevedello DM, Snyderman CH, et al. One thousand endoscopic skull base surgical procedures demystifying the infection potential: incidence and description of postoperative meningitis and brain abscesses. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2011;32:77–83.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dumont AS, Nemergut EC, 2nd, Jane JA, Jr., Laws ER, Jr. Postoperative care following pituitary surgery. J Intensive Care Med 2005;20:127–40.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• van Aken MO, Feelders RA, de Marie S, et al. Cerebrospinal fluid leakage during transsphenoidal surgery: postoperative external lumbar drainage reduces the risk for meningitis. Pituitary 2004;7:89–93.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dehdashti AR, Ganna A, Karabatsou K, Gentili F. Pure endoscopic endonasal approach for pituitary adenomas: early surgical results in 200 patients and comparison with previous microsurgical series. Neurosurgery 2008;62:1006–15. discussion 1015–1007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horowitz G, Fliss DM, Margalit N, Wasserzug O, Gil Z. Association between cerebrospinal fluid leak and meningitis after skull base surgery. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2011;145:689–93.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Almeida JR, Snyderman CH, Gardner PA, Carrau RL, Vescan AD. Nasal morbidity following endoscopic skull base surgery: a prospective cohort study. Head Neck 2011;33:547–51.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pant H, Bhatki AM, Snyderman CH, et al. Quality of life following endonasal skull base surgery. Skull Base 2010;20:035–40.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Alobid I, Ensenat J, Marino-Sanchez F, et al. Impairment of olfaction and mucociliary clearance after expanded endonasal approach using vascularized septal flap reconstruction for skull base tumors. Neurosurgery 2013;72:540–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cappabianca P, Cavallo LM, Colao A, de Divitiis E. Surgical complications associated with the endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach for pituitary adenomas. J Neurosurg 2002;97:293–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Charalampaki P, Ayyad A, Kockro RA, Perneczky A. Surgical complications after endoscopic transsphenoidal pituitary surgery. J Clin Neurosci 2009;16:786–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hart CK, Theodosopoulos PV, Zimmer LA. Olfactory changes after endoscopic pituitary tumor resection. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2010;142:95–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zada G, Kelly DF, Cohan P, Wang C, Swerdloff R. Endonasal transsphenoidal approach for pituitary adenomas and other sellar lesions: an assessment of efficacy, safety, and patient impressions. J Neurosurg 2003;98:350–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Awad AJ, Mohyeldin A, El-Sayed IH, Aghi MK. Sinonasal morbidity following endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2015;130:162–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dolci RLL, Miyake MM, Tateno DA, et al. Postoperative otorhinolaryngologic complications in transnasal endoscopic surgery to access the skull base. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2017;83:349–55.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Batra PS, Citardi MJ, Lanza DC. Isolated sphenoid sinusitis after transsphenoidal hypophysectomy. Am J Rhinol 2005;19:185–9.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Koren I, Hadar T, Rappaport ZH, Yaniv E. Endoscopic transnasal transsphenoidal microsurgery versus the sublabial approach for the treatment of pituitary tumors: endonasal complications. Laryngoscope 1999;109:1838–40.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alzhrani G, Sivakumar W, Park MS, Taussky P, Couldwell WT. Delayed complications after transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenomas. World Neurosurg 2018;109:233–41.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim BY, Shin JH, Kim SW, et al. Hypernasality after using the endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach for skull base tumors. Laryngoscope 2016;126:329–33.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng Y, Xue F, Wang TY, et al. Analyses and treatments of postoperative nasal complications after endonasal transsphenoidal resection of pituitary neoplasms. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017;96:e6614.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Griffiths CF, Cutler AR, Duong HT, et al. Avoidance of postoperative epistaxis and anosmia in endonasal endoscopic skull base surgery: a technical note. Acta Neurochir 2014;156:1393–401.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rotenberg BW, Saunders S, Duggal N. Olfactory outcomes after endoscopic transsphenoidal pituitary surgery. Laryngoscope 2011;121:1611–3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Houser SM. Surgical treatment for empty nose syndrome. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2007;133:858–63.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Leong SC. The clinical efficacy of surgical interventions for empty nose syndrome: a systematic review. Laryngoscope 2015;125:1557–62.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hardman J, Ahn J, Nirmalananda A. Assessing symptoms of empty nose syndrome in patients following sinonasal and anterior skull base resection. Aust J Otolaryngol 2018;1:9.
   Google Scholar
• Maza G, Yanez-Siller JC, Subramaniam S, Otto BA, Daniel PM, Carrau V, Incidence of empty nose syndrome following endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery. 28th Annual Meeting North American Skull Base Society; 2018; The Loews Coronado Bay Coronado, California.
   Google Scholar
• Shah K, Guarderas J, Krishnaswamy G. Empty nose syndrome and atrophic rhinitis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2016;117:217–220.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chivukula S, Koutourousiou M, Snyderman CH, Fernandez-Miranda JC, Gardner PA, Tyler-Kabara EC. Endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery in the pediatric population. J Neurosurg Pediatr 2013;11:227–241.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banu MA, Rathman A, Patel KS, et al. Corridor-based endonasal endoscopic surgery for pediatric skull base pathology with detailed radioanatomic measurements. Neurosurgery 2014;10:273–293; discussion 293.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tatreau JR, Patel MR, Shah RN, et al. Anatomical considerations for endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery in pediatric patients. Laryngoscope 2010;120:1730–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scuderi AJ, Harnsberger HR, Boyer RS. Pneumatization of the paranasal sinuses: normal features of importance to the accurate interpretation of CT scans and MR images. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1993;160:1101–104.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shah RN, Surowitz JB, Patel MR, et al. Endoscopic pedicled nasoseptal flap reconstruction for pediatric skull base defects. Laryngoscope 2009;119:1067–75.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar