References
- Ball MJ, Dayan AD. Pathogenesis of syringomyelia. Lancet 1972;2:799–801.
- Oldfield EH, Muraszko K, Shawker TH, Patronas NJ. Pathophysiology of syringomyelia associated with Chiari I malformation of the cerebellar tonsils. Implications for diagnosis and treatment. J Neurosurg 1994;80:3–15.
- Williams B. Simultaneous cerebral and spinal fluid pressure recordings. 2. Cerebrospinal dissociation with lesions at the foramen magnum. Acta Neurochir 1981;59:123–42.
- Williams B. Syringomyelia. Neurosurg Clin N Am 1990;1:653–85.
- Marks S, Flint G. Medicolegal aspects. In: Flint G, Rusbridge C, eds. Syringomyelia – A disorder of CSF circulation. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag; 2014:289–300.
- Klekamp J. Hindbrain-related syringomyelia. In: Flint G, Rusbridge C, eds. Syringomyelia – a disorder of CSF circulation. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag; 2014:141–166.
- Tubbs RS, McGirt MJ, Oakes JW. Surgical experience in 130 pediatric patients with Chiari I malformations. J Neurosurg 2003;99:291–6.
- Wetjen NM, Heiss JD, Oldfield EH. Time course of syringomyelia resolution following decompression of Chiari malformation type I. J Neurosurg Pediatr 2008;1:118–23.
- Klekamp J, Iaconetta G, Batzdorf U, Samii M. Syringomyelia associated with foramen magnum arachnoiditis. J Neurosurg 2002;97:317–22.
- Stovner LJ. Headache associated with the Chiari type I malformation. Headache 1993;33:175–81.
- Milhorat TH, Chou MW, Trinidad EM, et al. Chiari I malformation redefined: clinical and radiographic findings for 364 symptomatic patients. Neurosurgery 1999;44:1005–17.
- Tubbs RS, Beckman J, Naftel RP, et al. Institutional experience with 500 cases of surgically treated pediatric Chiari malformation Type I. J Neurosurg Pediatr 2011;7:248–56.
- Isu T, Iwasaki Y, Akino M, Abe H. Hydrosyringomyelia associated with a Chiari I malformation in children and adolescents. Neurosurgery 1990;26:591–6.
- Tubbs RS, Smyth MD, Wellons JC, III, Oakes WJ. Arachnoid veils and the Chiari I malformation. J Neurosurg 2004;100:465–7.
- Sacco D, Scott RM. Reoperation for Chiari malformations. Pediatr Neurosurg 2003;39:171–8.
- Dyste GN, Menezes AH, VanGilder JC. Symptomatic Chiari malformations. An analysis of presentation, management, and long-term outcome. J Neurosurg 1989;71:159–68.
- Ellenbogen RG, Armonda RA, Shaw DW, Winn HR. Toward a rational treatment of Chiari I malformation and syringomyelia. Neurosurg Focus 2000;8:E6.
- Klekamp J, Batzdorf U, Samii M, Bothe HW. The surgical treatment of Chiari I malformation. Acta Neurochir 1996;138:788–801.
- Mazzola CA, Fried AH. Revision surgery for Chiari malformation decompression. Neurosurg Focus 2003;15:E3.
- Yanni DS, Mammis A, Ebersole K, Roonprapunt C, Sen C, Perin NI. Revision of Chiari decompression for patients with recurrent syrinx. J Clin Neurosci 2010;17:1076–9.
- Rosen DS, Wollman R, Frim DM. Recurrence of symptoms after Chiari decompression and duraplasty with nonautologous graft material. Pediatr Neurosurg 2003;38:186–90.
- Aoki N, Oikawa A, Sakai T. Spontaneous regeneration of the foramen magnum after decompressive suboccipital craniectomy in Chiari malformation: case report. Neurosurgery 1995;37:340–2.
- Hudgins RJ, Boydston WR. Bone regrowth and recurrence of symptoms following decompression in the infant with Chiari II malformation. Pediatr Neurosurg 1995;23:323–7.
- McGirt MJ, Atiba A, Attenello FJ, et al. Correlation of hindbrain CSF flow and outcome after surgical decompression for Chiari I malformation. Childs Nerv Syst 2008;24:833–40.
- Armonda RA, Citrin CM, Foley KT, Ellenbogen RG. Quantitative cine-mode magnetic resonance imaging of Chiari I malformations: an analysis of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics. Neurosurgery 1994;35:214–23.
- Hofkes SK, Iskandar BJ, Turski PA, Gentry LR, McCue JB, Haughton VM. Differentiation between symptomatic Chiari I malformation and asymptomatic tonsillar ectopia by using cerebrospinal fluid flow imaging: initial estimate of imaging accuracy. Radiology 2007;245:532–40.
- Sgouros S, Williams B. A critical appraisal of drainage in syringomyelia. J Neurosurg 1995;82:1–10.
- Zhang ZQ, Chen YQ, Chen YA, Wu X, Wang YB, Li XG. Chiari I malformation associated with syringomyelia: a retrospective study of 316 surgically treated patients. Spinal Cord 2008;46:358–63.