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Biotechnology regulations

Scientific uncertainty and political regulation: European legislation on the contained use and deliberate release of genetically modified (micro) organisms

Pages 7-15 | Published online: 17 Feb 2012

Notes and references

  • Commission proposal for a Council Directive on the contained use of genetically modified micro-organisms (COM(88) 9ff 160 final, Official Journal of the European Communities No C198, 28/7/88
  • Commission proposal for a Council Directive on the deliberate release of genetically modified organisms (COM(88) 160 final . Official Journal , 19ff No C198, 27/7/88
  • 1986 . Recombinant DNA Safety Considerations , Paris : OECD .
  • 1986 . Published by Francis Pinter London
  • June 1989 . Article 2, Common Orientation of the Council (European Parliament Document No C3–0130/89) June , adopted on 8/9
  • See Article 149.2 of the EEC Treaty as revised by the Single European Act (Official Journal No L169, 29 June 1987)
  • Lake , Gordon J . June 1989 . “The STOA experiment in the European Parliament” . In Energy Policy June , 284 – 288 .
  • Ruth McNally and Peter Wheale . Summer 1986 . “Re-comblnant DNA technology: reassessing the risks” Summer , 56 – 69 . STSA Newsletter, no 25
  • 61 – 63 . See reference 8
  • 64 See reference 8
  • Wheale , Peter and McNally , Ruth . 1988 . Genetic Engineering: Catastrophe or Utopia? , Harvester/Wheatsteaf Press .
  • 28 April 1989 . Document A2–142/89 European Parliament 28 April ,
  • 17 April 1990 . Minutes of the Sitting of the European Parliament of 14 March 1990, OJ C 96 Vol 13 , 17 April , 88 100
  • 88 See reference 13
  • 8 May 1990 . 8 May , The Contained Use Directive is Directive 90/219/EEC: the Deliberate Release Directive is Directive 90/220/EEC. Both are published in OJ L 117
  • Angela Liberatore . 1989 . “EC environmental research and EC environmental policy” 17 Florence European University Institute Working Paper No 89/407
  • 77 See reference 16
  • Majone , G . 1985 . The Uses of Policy Analysis , New Haven : Yale University Press . chapter 4
  • B Wyn ne . 1982 . Rationality and Ritual , British Society for the History of Science . (see especially chapter 9, Conclusions)
  • Michiel Schwartz and Michael Thompson . 1990 . Divided We Stand: Redefining Politics, Technology and Social Choice , 11 Harvester Wheatsheaf .

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