ENVIRONMENTAL AND SPATIAL CONTROL OF FRESHWATER DIATOMS—A REVIEW

REFERENCES

• AGBETI , M. D. 1992 . Relationship between diatom assemblages and trophic variables: a comparison of old and new approaches . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 49 : 1171 – 1175 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ALLAN , J. D. 1995 . Stream ecology. The structure and function of running waters , London : Chapman & Hall .
   Google Scholar
• BELL , T. , AGER , D. , SONG , J. , NEWMAN , J. A. , THOMPSON , I. P. , LILLEY , A. K. and VAN DER GAST , C. J. 2005 . Larger islands house more bacterial taxa . Science , 308 : 1884
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BIGLER , C. and HALL , R. I. 2002 . Diatoms as indicators of climatic and limnological change in Swedish Lapland: a 100-lake calibration set and its validation for paleoecological reconstructions . Journal of Paleolimnology , 27 : 97 – 115 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BIGGS , B. J. F. 1990 . Periphyton communities and their environments in New Zealand rivers . New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research , 24 : 367 – 386 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BIGGS , B. J. F. 1995 . The contribution of flood disturbance, catchment geology and land use to the habitat template of periphyton in stream ecosystems . Freshwater Biology , 33 : 419 – 438 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BIRKS , H. J. B. 1998 . Numerical tools in paleolimnology—progress, potentialities, and problems . Journal of Paleolimnology , 20 : 307 – 332 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BORCARD , D. , LEGENDRE , P. and DRAPEAU , P. 1992 . Partialling out the spatial component of ecological variation . Ecology , 73 : 1045 – 1055 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BOUCHARD , G. , GAJEWSKI , K. and HAMILTON , P. B. 2004 . Freshwater diatom biogeography in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago . Journal of Biogeography , 31 : 1955 – 1973 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BRADSHAW , E. G. , ANDERSON , N. J. , JENSEN , J. P. and JEPPESEN , E. 2002 . Phosphorus dynamics in Danish lakes and the implications for diatom ecology and palaeoecology . Freshwater Biology , 47 : 1963 – 1975 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BROWN , J. H. and LOMOLINO , M. 1998 . Biogeography. , Sunderland : Sinauer .
   Google Scholar
• CHRISTIE , C. E. and SMOL , J. P. 1993 . Diatom assemblages as indicators of lake trophic status in southeastern Ontario lakes . Journal of Phycology , 29 : 575 – 586 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CLARKE , G. , KERNAN , M. , MARCHETTO , A. , SORVARI , S. and CATALAN , J. 2005 . Using diatoms to assess geographical patterns of change in high-altitude European lakes from pre-industrial times to the present day . Aquatic Sciences , 67 : 224 – 236 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CLEVE , P. T. 1894–1895 . Synopsis of the naviculoid diatoms . Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, N.S. , 26 : 1 – 194 . 27, 1–219
   Google Scholar
• COX , E. J. 1994 . Ecological tolerances and optima—real or imaginary? . Verhandlungen der internationalen Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie , 25 : 2238 – 2241 .
   Google Scholar
• DENICOLA , D. M. , DE EYTO , E. , WAMAERE , A. and IRVINE , K. 2004 . Using epilithic algal communities to assess trophic status in Irish lakes . Journal of Phycology , 40 : 481 – 495 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DIXIT , S. S. , DIXIT , A. S. and SMOL , J. P. 2002 . Diatom and chrysophyte transfer functions and inferences of post-industrial acidification and recent recovery trends in Killarney lakes (Ontario, Canada) . Journal of Paleolimnology , 27 : 79 – 96 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DIXIT , S. S. , SMOL , J. P. , CHARLES , D. F. , HUGHES , R. M. , PAULSEN , S. G. and COLLINS , G. B. 1999 . Assessing water quality changes in the lakes of the northeastern United States using sediment diatoms . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 56 : 131 – 152 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DUONG , T. T. , COSTE , M. , FEURTET-MAZEL , A. , DANG , D. K. , GOLD , C. , PARK , Y. S. and BOUDOU , A. 2006 . Impact of urban pollution from the Hanoi area on benthic diatom communities collected from the Red, Nhue and Tolich rivers (Vietnam) . Hydrobiologia , 563 : 201 – 216 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• EMERSON , B. C. and KOLM , N. 2005 . Species diversity can drive speciation . Nature , 434 : 1015 – 1017 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• EVANS , K. M. , KÜHN , S. F. and HAYES , P. K. 2005 . High levels of genetic diversity and low levels of genetic differentiation in North Sea Pseudo-nitzschia pungens (Bacillariophyceae) populations . Journal of Phycology , 41 : 506 – 514 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FALLU , M. A. , ALLAIRE , N. and PIENITZ , R. 2002 . Distribution of freshwater diatoms in 64 Labrador (Canada) lakes: species: environment relationships along latitudinal gradients and reconstruction models for water colour and alkalinity . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 59 : 329 – 349 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FINLAY , B. J. 2002 . Global dispersal of free-living microbial eukaryote species . Science , 296 : 1061 – 1063 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FINLAY , B. J. and FENCHEL , T. 2004 . Cosmopolitan metapopulations of free-living microbial eukaryotes . Protist , 155 : 237 – 244 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FRITZ , S. C , KINGSTON , J. C. and ENGSTROM , D. R. 1993 . Quantitative trophic reconstruction from sedimentary diatom assemblages: a cautionary tale . Freshwater Biology , 30 : 1 – 23 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GODFRAY , H. C J. and LAWTON , J. H. 2001 . Scale and species numbers . Trends in Ecology and Evolution , 16 : 400 – 404 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GREEN , J. L. , HOLMES , A. J. , WESTOBY , M. , OLIVER , I. , BRISCOE , D. , DANGERFIELD , M. , GILLINGS , M. and BEATTIE , A. J. 2004 . Spatial scaling of microbial eukaryote diversity . Nature , 432 : 747 – 750 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GRIFFITH , M. B. , HILL , B. H. , HERLIHY , A. T. and KAUFMANN , P. R. 2002 . Multivariate analysis of periphyton assemblages in relation to environmental gradients in Colorado Rocky Mountain streams . Journal of Phycology , 38 : 83 – 95 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HALL , R. I. and SMOL , J. P. 1992 . A weighted-averaging regression and calibration model for inferring total phosphorus concentration from diatoms in British Columbia (Canada) lakes . Freshwater Biology , 27 : 417 – 434 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HEINO , J. , MUOTKA , T. , PAAVOLA , R. , HÄMÄLÄINEN , H. and KOSKENNIEMI , E. 2002 . Correspondence between regional delineations and spatial patterns in macroinvertebrate assemblages of boreal headwater streams . Journal of the North American Benthological Society , 21 : 397 – 413 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HILL , B. H. , STEVENSON , R. J. , PAN , Y. D. , HERLIHY , A. T. , KAUFMANN , P. R. and JOHNSON , C. B. 2001 . Comparison of correlations between environmental characteristics and stream diatom assemblages characterized at genus and species levels . Journal of the North American Benthological Society , 20 : 299 – 31 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HILLEBRAND , H. and BLENCKNER , T. 2002 . Regional and local impact on species diversity—from pattern to processes . Oecologia , 132 : 479 – 491 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HILLEBRAND , H. , WATERMANN , F. , KAREZ , R. and BERNINGER , U. G. 2001 . Differences in species richness patterns between unicellular and multicellular organisms . Oecologia , 126 : 114 – 124 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HIRST , H. , JÜTTNER , I. and ORMEROD , S. J. 2002 . Comparing the responses of diatoms and macroinvertebrates to metals in upland streams of Wales and Cornwall . Freshwater Biology , 47 : 1752 – 1765 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HORNER-DEVINE , C. M. , CARNEY , K. M. and BOHANNAN , B. J. M. 2004a . An ecological perspective on bacterial biodiversity . Proceedings of the Royal Society London B. , 271 : 113 – 122 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HORNER-DEVINE , C. , LAGE , M. , HUGHES , M. J. B. and BOHANNAN , B. J. M. 2004b . A taxa-area relationship for bacteria . Nature , 432 : 750 – 753 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HUBBELL , S. P. 2001 . The unified neutral theory of biodiversity and biogeography , Princeton University Press .
   Google Scholar
• JONES , V. J. and BIRKS , H. J. B. 2004 . Lake-sediment records of recent environmental change on Svalbard: results of diatom analysis . Journal of Paleolimnology , 31 : 445 – 466 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KING , L. , BARKER , P. and JONES , R. I. 2000 . Epilithic algal communities and their relationship to environmental variables in lakes of the English Lake District . Freshwater Biology , 45 : 425 – 442 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KOCIOLEK , J. P. and SPAULDING , S. A. 2000 . Freshwater diatom biogeography . Nova Hedwigia , 71 : 223 – 241 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KOCIOLEK , J. P. , SPAULDING , S. A. , SABBE , K. and VYVERMAN , W. 2004 . New Gomphonema (Bacillariophyta) species from Tasmania . Phycologia , 43 : 427 – 444 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KORHOLA , A. , WECKSTRÖM , J. and NYMAN , M. 1999 . Predicting the long-term acidification trends in small subarctic lakes using diatoms . Journal of Applied Ecology , 36 : 1021 – 1034 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KÖSTER , D. , RACCA , J. M. J. and PIENITZ , R. 2004 . Diatom-based inference models and reconstructions revisited: methods and transformations . Journal of Paleolimnology , 32 : 233 – 246 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KOVÁCS , C. , KAHLERT , M. and PADISÁK , J. 2006 . Benthic diatom communities along pH and TP gradients in Hungarian and Swedish streams . Journal of Applied Phycology , 18 : 105 – 117 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KRISTIANSEN , J. 1996 . Dispersal by freshwater algae—a review . Hydrobiologia , 336 : 151 – 157 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LEDGER , M. E. and HILDREW , A. G. 1998 . Temporal and spatial variation in the epilithic biofilm of an acid stream . Freshwater Biology , 40 : 655 – 670 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LEIRA , M. and SABATER , S. 2005 . Diatom assemblages distribution in Catalan rivers, NE Spain, in relation to chemical and physiographical factors . Water Research , 39 : 73 – 82 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LELAND , H. V. 1995 . Distribution of phytobenthos in the Yakima River basin, Washington, in relation to geology, land use, and other environmental factors . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 52 : 1108 – 1129 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LELAND , H. V. and PORTER , S. D. 2000 . Distribution of benthic algae in the upper Illinois River basin in relation to geology and land use . Freshwater Biology , 44 : 279 – 301 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LIM , D. S. S. , KWAN , C. and DOUGLAS , M. S. V. 2001 . Periphytic diatom assemblages from Brathurst Island, Nunavut, Canadian high arctic: an examination of community relationships and habitat preferences . Journal of Phycology , 37 : 379 – 392 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MACARTHUR , R. H. and WILSON , E. O. 1967 . The theory of island biogeography , Princeton : Princeton University Press .
   Google Scholar
• MANN , D. G. 1999 . The species concept in diatoms . Phycologia , 38 : 437 – 495 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MANN , D. G. and DROOP , S. J. M. 1996 . Biodiversity, biogeography and conservation of diatoms . Hydrobiologia , 336 : 19 – 32 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MARTINY , J. B. H. , BOHANNAN , B. J. M. , BROWN , J. H. , COLWELL , R. K. , FUHRMAN , J. A. , GREEN , J. L. , HORNER-DEVINE , M. C. , KANE , M. , KRUMINS , J. A. , KUSKE , C. R. , MORIN , P. J. , NAEEM , S. , ØVREÅS , L. , REYSENBACH , A.-L. , SMITH , V. H. and STALEY , J. T. 2006 . Microbial biogeography: putting microorganisms on the map . Nature Reviews Microbiology , 4 : 102 – 112 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MCCORMICK , F. H. , PECK , D. V. and LARSEN , D. P. 2000 . Comparison of geographic classification schemes for Mid-Atlantic stream fish assemblages . Journal of North American Benthological Society , 19 : 385 – 104 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MIETTINEN , J. 2003 . A diatom-total phosphorus transfer function for freshwater lakes in southeastern Finland, including cross-validation with independent test lakes . Boreal Environment Research , 8 : 215 – 228 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NOGUEZ , A. M. , ARITA , H. T. , ESCALANTE , A. E. , FORNEY , L. J. , GARCÍA-OLIVA , F. and SOUZA , V. 2005 . Microbial macroecology: highly structured prokaryotic soil assemblages in a tropical deciduous forest . Global Ecology and Biogeography , 14 : 241 – 248 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PAN , Y. , STEVENSON , R. J. , HILL , B. H. , KAUFMANN , P. R. and HERLIHY , A. T. 1999 . Spatial patterns and ecological determinants of benthic algal assemblages in Mid-Atlantic streams, USA . Journal of Phycology , 35 : 460 – 468 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PASSY , S. I. 2001 . Spatial paradigms of lotic diatom distribution: a landscape ecology perspective . Journal of Phycology , 37 : 370 – 378 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PASSY , S. I. , BODE , R. W. , CARLSON , D. M. and NOVAK , M. A. 2004 . Comparative environmental assessment in the studies of benthic diatom, macroinvertebrate, and fish communities . International Review of Hydrobiology , 89 : 121 – 138 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PETERSON , C. G. and STEVENSON , J. R. 1989 . Substratum conditioning and diatom colonization in different current regimes . Journal of Phycology , 25 : 790 – 793 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PETERSON , C. G. and STEVENSON , J. R. 1990 . Post-spate development of epilithic algal communities in different current environments . Canadian Journal of Botany , 68 : 2092 – 2102 .
   Google Scholar
• PIENITZ , R. , DOUGLAS , M. S. V. , SMOL , J. P. , HUTTUNEN , P. and MERILÄINEN , J. 1995 . Diatom, chrysophyte and protozoan distributions along a latitudinal transect in Fennoscandia . Ecography , 18 : 429 – 39 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PITHER , J. and AARSSEN , L. W. 2005 . The evolutionary species pool hypothesis and patterns of freshwater diatom diversity along a pH gradient . Journal of Biogeography , 32 : 503 – 513 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PITHER , J. and AARSSEN , L. W. 2006 . How prevalent are pH-specialist diatoms? A reply to Telford et al. (2006) . Ecology Letters , 9 : E6 – E12 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• POTAPOVA , M. G. and CHARLES , D. F. 2002 . Benthic diatoms in USA rivers: distributions along spatial and environmental gradients . Journal of Biogeography , 29 : 167 – 187 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• POTAPOVA , M. G. and CHARLES , D. F. 2003 . Distribution of benthic diatoms in U.S. rivers in relation to conductivity and ionic composition . Freshwater Biology , 48 : 1311 – 1328 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RAMSTACK , J. M. , FRITZ , S. C. , ENGSTROM , D. R. and HEISKARY , S. A. 2003 . The application of a diatom-based transfer function to evaluate regional water-quality trends in Minnesota since 1970 . Journal of Paleolimnology , 29 : 79 – 94 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• REAVIE , E. D. and SMOL , J. P. 2001 . Diatom-environmental relationships in 64 alkaline southeastern Ontario (Canada) lakes: a diatom-based model for water quality reconstructions . Journal of Paleolimnology , 25 : 25 – 12 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RECHE , I. , PULIDO-VILLENA , E. , MORALES-BAQUESRO , R. and CSAMAYOR , E. O. 2005 . Does ecosystem size determine aquatic bacterial richness? . Ecology , 86 : 1715 – 1722 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• REID , M. 2005 . Diatom-based models for reconstructing past water quality and productivity in New Zealand lakes . Journal of Paleolimnology , 33 : 13 – 38 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RICKLEFS , R. E. 1987 . Community diversity: Relative roles of local and regional processes . Science , 235 : 167 – 171 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RIMET , F. , ECTOR , L. , CAUCHIE , H. M. and HOFFMANN , L. 2004 . Regional distribution of diatom assemblages in the headwater streams of Luxembourg . Hydrobiologia , 520 : 105 – 117 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ROTT , E. , DUTHIE , H. C and PIPP , E. 1998 . Monitoring organic pollution and eutrophication in the Grand River, Ontario, by means of diatoms . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 55 : 1443 – 1453 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RYNEARSON , T. A. and ARMBURST , E. V. 2000 . DNA fingerprinting reveals extensive genetic diversity in a field population of the centric diatom Ditylum brightwellii . Limnology and Oceanography , 45 : 1329 – 1340 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SABATER , S. , SABATER , F. and ARMENGOL , J. 1988 . Relationships between diatom assemblages and physico-chemical variables in the River Ter (NE Spain) . International Revue gesamten Hydrobiologie , 73 : 171 – 179 .
   Google Scholar
• SABBE , K. , VANHOUTTE , K. , LOWE , R. L. , BERGEY , E. A. , BIGGS , B. J. F. , FRANCOEUR , S. , HODGSON , D. and VYVERMAN , W. 2001 . Six new Actinella (Bacillariophyta) species from Papua New Guinea, Australia and New Zealand: further evidence for widespread diatom endemism in the Australasian region . European Journal of Phycology , 36 : 321 – 340 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SHURIN , J. B. 2000 . Dispersal limitation, invasion resistance, and the structure of pond zooplankton communities . Ecology , 81 : 3074 – 3086 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SMITH , V. H. , FOSTER , B. L. , GROVER , J. P. , HOLT , R. D. , LEIBOLD , M. A. and DENOYELLES , F. Jr . 2005 . Phytoplankton species richness scales consistently from laboratory microcosms to the world's oceans . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA , 102 : 4393 – 1396 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SOININEN , J. 2003 . Heterogeneity of benthic diatom communities in different spatial scales and current velocities in a turbid river . Archiv für Hydrobiologie , 156 : 551 – 564 .
   Google Scholar
• SOININEN , J. 2004a . Determinants of benthic diatom community structure in boreal streams: the role of environmental and spatial factors at different scales . International Review of Hydrobiology , 89 : 139 – 150 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SOININEN , J. 2004b . Assessing the current related heterogeneity and diversity patterns of benthic diatom communities in a turbid and a clear water stream . Aquatic Ecology , 38 : 495 – 501 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SOININEN , J. and KÖNÖNEN , K. 2004 . Comparative study of monitoring South-Finnish rivers and streams using macroinvertebrate and benthic diatom community structure . Aquatic Ecology , 38 : 63 – 75 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SOININEN , J. , PAAVOLA , R. and MUOTKA , T. 2004 . Benthic diatom communities in boreal streams: community structure in relation to environmental and spatial gradients . Ecography , 27 : 330 – 342 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SOMMER , U. 2000 . Benthic microalgal diversity enhanced by spatial heterogeneity of grazing . Oecologia , 122 : 284 – 287 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TELFORD , R. J. , VANDVIK , V. and BIRKS , H. J. B. 2006a . How many freshwater diatoms are pH specialists? A response to Pither & Aarssen (2005) . Ecology Letters , 9 : El – E5 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TELFORD , R. J. , VANDVIK , V. and BIRKS , H. J. B. 2006b . Dispersal limitations matter for microbial morphospecies . Science , 312 : 1015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VAN DAM , H. and MERTENS , A. 1995 . Long-term changes of diatoms and chemistry in headwater streams polluted by atmospheric deposition of sulphur and nitrogen compounds . Freshwater Biology , 34 : 579 – 600 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VAN DE VIJVER , B. , GREMMEN , N. J. M. and BEYENS , L. 2005 . The genus Stauroneis (Bacillariophyceae) in the Antarctic region . Journal ofBiogeography , 32 : 1791 – 1798 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VERB , R. G. and VIS , M. L. 2000 . Comparison of benthic diatom assemblages from streams draining abandoned and reclaimed coal mines and nonimpacted sites . Journal of the North American Benthological Society , 19 : 274 – 288 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VERB , R. G. and VIS , M. L. 2005 . Periphyton assemblages as bioindicators of mine-drainage in unglaciated Western Allegheny Plateau lotic systems . Water, Air and Soil Pollution , 161 : 227 – 265 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VILBASTE , S. and TRUU , J. 2003 . Distribution of benthic diatoms in relation to environmental variables in lowland streams . Hydrobiologia , 493 : 81 – 93 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WECKSTRÖM , J. , KORHOLA , A. and BLOM , T. 1997 . The relationship between diatoms and water temperature in thirty subarctic Fennoscandian lakes . Arctic and Alpine Research , 29 : 75 – 92 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WINTER , J. G. and DUTHIE , H. C. 2000a . Epilithic diatoms as indicators of stream total N and total P concentration . Journal of the North American Benthological Society , 19 : 32 – 49 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WINTER , J. G. and DUTHIE , H. C. 2000b . Stream biomonitoring at an agricultural test site using benthic algae . Canadian Journal of Botany , 78 : 1319 – 1325 .
   Google Scholar
• ZOBEL , M. 1997 . The relative role of species pools in determining plant species richness: an alternative explanation of species coexistence? . Trends in Ecology and Evolution , 12 : 266 – 269 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar