A simple method for making transverse cleavages of diatom frustules for scanning electron microscopy and its application

References

• Boyle J.A., Pickett-Heaps J.D. & Czarnecki D.B. 1984. Valve morphogenesis in the pennate diatom Achnanthes coarctata. Journal of Phycology 20: 563–573.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carr A., Jones G.C. & Cox E.J. 2008. An embedding, polishing and etching procedure for examining the 3-D structure of diatoms with SEM. Cryptogamie Algologie 29: 285-291.
   Google Scholar
• Cleve P.T. 1894, 1895. Synopsis of the naviculoid diatoms. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 26: 1–194 (1894); 27: 1–219 (1895).
   Google Scholar
• Cox E.J. 1999. Variation in patterns of valve morphogenesis between representatives of six biraphid diatom genera (Bacillariophyceae). Journal of Phycology 35: 1297–1312.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crawford S.A., Chiovitti A., Pickett-Heaps J. & Wetherbee R. 2009. Micromorphogenesis during diatom wall formation produces siliceous nanostructures with different properties. Journal of Phycology 45: 1353–1362.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edgar L.A. & Pickett-Heaps J.D. 1984. Valve morphogenesis in the pennate diatom Navicula cuspidata. Journal of Phycology 20: 47–61.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ehrenberg C.G. 1854. Mikrogeologie. Das Erden und Felsen schaffende Wirken des unsichtbar kleinen selbstständigen Lebens auf der Erde. Leopold Voss, Leipzig. 374 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Friedrichs L., Maier M. & Hamm C. 2012. A new method for exact three-dimensional reconstructions of diatom frustules. Journal of Microscopy 248: 208–217.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hustedt F. 1930. Bacillariophyta (Diatomeae). In: Die Süsswasser-Flora Mitteleuropas (Ed. by A. Pascher), No. 10. Gustav Fischer, Jena. 466 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Kützing F.T. 1844. Die kieselschaligen Bacillarien oder Diatomeen. Nordhausen. 152 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Massé G., Poulin M., Belt S.T., Robert J.-M., Barreau A., Rincé Y. & Rowland S.J. 2001. A simple method for SEM examination of sectioned diatom frustules. Journal of Microscopy 204: 87–92.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matsumoto M., Mayama S., Nemoto M., Fukuda Y., Muto M., Yoshino T., Matsunaga T. & Tanaka T. 2014. Morphological and molecular phylogenetic analysis of the high triglyceride-producing marine diatom, Fistulifera solaris sp. nov. (Bacillariophyceae). Phycological Research 62: 257–268.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mayama S. 2001. Valuable taxonomic characters in the valve mantle and girdle of some Eunotia species. In: Lange-Bertalot-Festschrift. Studies on diatoms (Ed. by R. Jahn, J. P. Kociolek, A. Witkowski & P. Compère), pp. 119–130. Gantner, Ruggell.
   Google Scholar
• Mcheik A., Cassaignon S., Livage J., Gibaud A., Berthier S. & Lopez P.J. 2018. Optical properties of nanostructured silica structures from marine organisms [online]. Frontiers in Marine Science 5: 123. Available from: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00123 [Accessed 10 October 2020].
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patrick R. & Reimer C.W. 1966, 1975. The diatoms of the United States. Monographs of the Academy of Natural Science Philadelphia, Vol. 1. Fragilariaceae, Eunotiaceae, Achnantheaceae, Naviculaceae. 688 pp. (1966); Vol. 2. Entomoneidaceae, Cymbellaceae, Gomphonemaceae, Epithemiaceae. 213 pp. (1975).
   Google Scholar
• Pickett-Heaps J.D., Tippit D.H. & Andreozzi J.A. 1979. Cell division in the pennate diatom Pinnularia. IV valve morphogenesis. Biologie Cellulaire 35: 199–206.
   Google Scholar
• Pocock K.L. & Cox E.J. 1982. Frustule structure in the diatom Rhabdonema arcuatum (Lyngb.) Kütz. Nova Hedwigia 36: 621–641.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarno D., Kooistra W.H.C.F., Medlin L.K., Percopo I. & Zingone A. 2005. Diversity in the genus Skeletonema (Bacillariophyceae). II. An assessment of the taxonomy of S. costatum-like species with the description of four new species. Journal of Phycology 41: 151–176.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sato S., Nagumo T. & Tanaka J. 2010. Morphological study of three marine araphid diatom species of Grammatophora Ehrenberg, with special reference to the septum structure. Diatom Research 25: 147–162.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siemons W., Beekman C., Fowlkes J.D., Balke N., Tischler J.Z., Xu R., Liu W., Gonzales C.M., Budai J.D. & Christen H.M. 2014. Focused-ion-beam induced damage in thin films of complex oxide BiFeO3 [online]. APL Materials 2: 022109. Available from: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4866051 [Accessed 10 October 2020].
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith W. 1853, 1856. A synopsis of the British diatomaceae. With remarks on their structure, functions and distribution; and instruction for collecting and preserving specimens. John Van Voorst, London. Vol. 1. 89 pp. (1853); Vol. 2. 107 pp. (1856).
   Google Scholar
• Toyoda K., Idei M., Nagumo T. & Tanaka J. 2005. Fine-structure of the vegetative frustule, perizonium and initial valve of Achnanthes yaquinensis (Bacillariophyta). European Journal of Phycology 40: 269–279.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Heurck H. 1880–1885. Synopsis des diatomées de Belgique. Ducaju & Cie., Anvers. Atlas. 132 pls (1880–1883) + 3pls (1885); Tables. 120 pp. (1884); Text. 235 pp. (1885).
   Google Scholar
• Vermeij T., Plancher E. & Tasan C.C. 2018. Preventing damage and redeposition during focused ion beam milling: the “umbrella” method. Ultramicroscopy 186: 35–41.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang C.-C. 2020. Joint iterative fast projection matching for fully automatic marker-free alignment of nanotomography reconstructions [online]. Scientific Reports 10: 7330. Available from: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-62949-1 [Accessed 10 October 2020].
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Witkowski A., Płociński T., Grzonka J., Zgłobicka I., Bąk M., Dąbek P., Gomes A.I. & Kurzydłowski K.J. 2019. Application of focused ion beam technique in taxonomy-oriented research on ultrstructure of diatoms. In: Diatoms: fundamentals and applications (Ed. by J. Seckbach & R. Gordon), pp. 115–128. Scrivener Publishing LLC, Berverly.
   Google Scholar
• Xing Y., Yu L., Wang X., Jia J., Liu Y., He J. & Jia Z. 2017. Characterization and analysis of Coscinodiscus genus frustule based on FIB-SEM. Progress in Natural Science: Materials International 27: 391–395.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zgłobicka I., Li Q., Gluch J., Płocińska M., Noga T., Dobosz R., Szoszkiewicz R., Witkowski A., Zschech E. & Kurzydłowski K.J. 2017. Visualization of the internal structure of Didymosphenia geminata frustules using nano X-ray tomography [online]. Scientific Reports 7: 9086. Available from: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-08960-5 [Accessed 10 October 2020].
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar