1,543
Views
15
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Parametric Design in Urbanism: A Critical Reflection

ORCID Icon

References

  • Alexander, C. (2001 [1968]) Systems generating systems, in: A. Menges & S. Ahlquist (Eds) Computational Design Thinking, pp. 58–67 (London: Wiley).
  • Alexander, C. (2002) The Nature of Order- Book 2: The Process of Creating Life. (Berkeley: The Center for Environmental Structure).
  • Alexander, C., Neis, H., Anninou, A. & King, I. (1987) A New Theory of Urban Design, New York. (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
  • Allen, S. (1997 [2011]) From object to field: field conditions in architecture and urbanism, in: A. Menges & S. Ahlquist (Eds) Computational Design Thinking, pp. 119–143 (Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons). Originally published in Allen, S. (1997) From Object to Field, AD Architecture after Geometry 127, pp. 24–31 (London: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.).
  • Almasri, S., Chandra, S., Sovinc, P. (2009) Sahra: denCity Project. Available at http://www.peter-sovinc.com/002.html (accessed 01 April 2012).
  • Batty, M. (2007) Cities and Complexity: Understanding Cities with Cellular Automata, Agent-Based Models and Fractals. (Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press).
  • Batty, M. & Longley, P. (1997) The fractal city, AD Architectural Design, 129, pp. 46–49.
  • Beirão, J. N., Nourian, P., Mashhoodi, B. (2011) ‘Parametric Urban Design: Interactive Tools for Supporting Urban Design Decision Making’, The 29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, September 21–24.
  • Ben-Joseph, E. (2005) The Code of the City: Standards and the Hidden Language of Place Making, Cambridge. (Massachusetts: The MIT Press).
  • Bentley, P. J. & Corne, D. W. (2002) Creative Evolutionary Systems. (London: Academic Press).
  • Brederlau, U. (2011) Parametric design process in urbanism, in: T. Valena, T. Avermadete & G. Vrachiliotis, Structuralism Reloaded: Rule-Based Design in Architecture and Urbanism, pp. 343–344 (Stuttgart: Edition Axel Menges).
  • Bullivant, L. (2012) Masterplanning Futures. (London and New York: Routledge)).
  • Davis, D. (2013) Modelled on software engineering: flexible parametric models in the practice of architecture, PhD dissertation, RMIT University, Melbourne, http://www.danieldavis.com/thesis/ (accessed 01 February 2017).
  • Dino, I. G. (2012) Creative design exploration by parametric generative systems in architecture. METU JFA, 29(1), pp. 207–224.
  • Esri. (2011) CityEngine. http://www.esri.com/software/cityengine/index.html (accessed 01 March 2012).
  • Frazer, J. (1995) An Evolutionary Architecture. (London: Architectural Association).
  • Gane, V. (2004) Parametric Design—A Paradigm Shift? Unpublished thesis Master of Science in Architecture Studies, The Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
  • Gerber, D. J. (2007) Parametric Practices: Models for Design Exploration in Architecture, Unpublished PhD thesis, Harvard University Graduate School of Design.
  • Gerber, D. J. (2014) Parametric tendencies and design agencies, in: D. J. Gerber & M. Ibanez (Eds) Paradigms in Computing: Making, Machines, and Models for Design Agency In Architecture, pp. 387–400 (Los Angeles, CA: eVolo Press).
  • Hanafin, S., Pitts, G. & Datta, S. (2009) Non-deterministic exploration through parametric design. International Journal of Architectural Computing, 7(4), pp. 605–622.10.1260/1478-0771.7.4.605
  • Hillier, B. (1996) Space is the Machine: A Configurational Theory of Architecture, Cambridge. (New York, NY: Cambridge University Press).
  • Holik, F., & Brederlau, U. (2009) Experimental Case Study PORTA BCN. http://www.florianholik.de/blog/?p=364 (accessed 1 May 2012).
  • Jacobs, J. (1961 [2000]) The Death and Life of Great American Cities. (London: Pimlico).
  • James, G. & James, R. C. (1968) Mathematics Dictionary. (Princeton: D. Van Nostrand Company).
  • Janssen, P., Frazer, J. & Ming-xi, T. (2002) Frazer, evolutionary design systems and generative processes, Applied Intelligence, 16(2), pp. 119–128.
  • Johnson, S. (2001) Emergence. (London: Penguin Books).
  • Kartal Urban Development Association. (2013) ‘Kartal Merkez Uygulama Imar Planı’nın 1/1000 Plan Raporu, Plan Notları ve İmar Yönetmeliğine Göre Test Edilmesi İşi-’. Testing the Codes of the Kartal Development Plan in Accordance with the Development Bylaw-. (Turkey: Istanbul).
  • Khabazi, Z. (2010). Generative Algorithms: Using Grasshopper. http://issuu.com/pabloherrera/docs/generative_algorithms (accessed 01 December 2011).
  • Leach, N. (2014) There Is No Such Thing as Digital Design, in: D. J. Gerber & M. Ibanez (Eds) Paradigms in Computing: Making, Machines, and Models for Design Agency in Architecture, pp. 148–158 (Los Angeles, CA: eVolo Press)
  • Lee, C. M. & Jacoby, S. (2007) Typological Formations: Renewable Building Types and the City. (London: AA Publications).
  • Lee, C. M. & Jacoby, S. (2011) Typological Urbanism and the Idea of The City, Architectural Design 81(1), pp. 14–23 (London: Wiley).
  • Lehnerer, A. (2009) Grand Urban Rules. (Rotterdam: 010 Publishers).
  • Llabres, E. & Roco, E. (2012) In progress: relational urban model. Urban Design International, 17(4), pp. 319–335.10.1057/udi.2012.20
  • Lynch, K. (1960) The Image of the City. (Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press).
  • Lynch, K. (1981) Site Planning. (Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press).
  • Marshall, S. (2009) Cities, Design and Evolution. (London: Routledge).
  • Marshall, S. (2011) Conclusions, in; S. Marshall (Ed) Urban Coding and Planning, pp. 227–243 (London: Routledge).
  • Mehaffy, M. (2008) Generative methods in urban design: a progress assessment. Journal of Urbanism, 1(1), pp. 57–75.
  • Mitchell, W. J. (1990) The Logic of Architecture: Design, Computation and Cognition. (Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press).
  • Poon, J. & Maher, M. L. (1996) Emergent behaviour in co-evolutionary design, in: J. S. Gero & F. Sudweeks (Eds) Artificial Intelligence in Design ‘96, pp. 703–722 (Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers).10.1007/978-94-009-0279-4
  • Portugali, J. (2011) Complexity, Cognition and the City. (Berlin: Springer).
  • Rittel, H. (1964 [2010]) Models of and for design, in: J.-P. Protzen, D. J. Harris (Eds.) The Universe of Design, pp. 107–119 (London: Routledge).
  • Rittel, H. & Webber, M. (1973) Dilemmas in a general theory of planning. Policy Science, 4, pp. 155–160.10.1007/BF01405730
  • Rowe, C. & Koetter, F. (1975) Collage City. Architectural Review, (Aug), pp. 66–91.
  • Rowe, C. & Koetter, F. (1978) Collage City. (Cambridge: The MIT Press).
  • Sakamoto, T. & Ferre, A. (Eds) (2008) From Control to Design: Parametric/Algorithmic Architecture. (Barcelona: Actar).
  • Salingaros, N. A. (2000) Complexity and Urban Coherence. Journal of Urban Design, 5, pp. 291–316.10.1080/713683969
  • Scheurer, F. (2011). Signal to Noise—What is quality in digital architecture?, in: T. Valena, T. Avermadete & G. Vrachiliotis (Eds) Structuralism Reloaded: Rule-Based Design in Architecture and Urbanism, pp. 269–274 (Stuttgart: Edition Axel Menges).
  • Schnabel, M. A. (2006) Parametric Design in Urban Design. http://www.scribd.com/doc/49229213/parametric-design-in-urban-design (accessed in June 2012).
  • Schumacher, P. (2008) ‘Parametricism as Style—Parametricist Manifesto’, http://www.patrikschumacher.com/Texts/Parametricism%20as%20Style.htm (accessed in March 2012).
  • Schumacher, P. (2009) Parametricism—A New global style for architecture and urban design. AD Architectural Design, 79(4), pp. 14–23.10.1002/ad.v79:4
  • Schumacher, P. (2010) The Parametric City, in: Zaha Hadid-Recent Projects. (Tokyo: A.D.A. Edita). http://www.patrikschumacher.com/Texts/The%20Parametric%20City.html (accessed 01 March 2012).
  • Schumacher, P. (2011a) Parametricism and the Societal Function of Architecture, Public Lecture, 13 May 2011. (Rotterdam: Berlage Institute).
  • Schumacher, P. (2011b) The Autopoiesis of Architecture: A New Framework for Architecture. (Chichester: Wiley).
  • Schumacher, P. (2012). My Kind of Town. http://www.patrikschumacher.com/Texts/My%20Kind%20of%20Town_The%20Parametric%20Jungle.html (accessed 01 March 2012).
  • Soddu, C. (2002) ‘La Citta’ Ideale’: Generative Codes Design Identity, Generative Art Conference, Milan. http://www.generativedesign.com/ (accessed 1 April 2012).
  • Soddu, C., Colabella E. (1995) Recreating the City’s Identity with A Morphogenetic Urban Design. 17th International Conference on Making Cities Livable Freiburb-im Breisgau, Germany, http://www.generativedesign.com/ (accessed 15 April 2012).
  • Talen, E. (2012) City Rules: How Regulations Affect Urban Form. (Washington: Island Press).
  • Terzidis, K. (2006) Algorithmic Architecture. (Oxford: Architectural Press).
  • Terzidis, K. (2011 [2003]) Algorithmic form, in: A. Menges & S. Ahlquist (Ed) Computational Design Thinking, pp. 94–101 (London: Wiley).
  • Trummer, P. (2011) Associative design: from type to population, in: A. Menges & S. Ahlquist (Eds) Computational Design Thinking, pp. 94–101 (London: Wiley).
  • Verebes, T. (2009) Experiments in associative urbanism. AD Architectural Design, 79(4), pp. 25–49.
  • Verebes, T. (Ed) (2014) Masterplanning the Adaptive City: Computational Urbanism in the Twenty-First Century. (London: Routledge).
  • Waldheim, C. (2016a) Introduction: from figure to field, in: C. Waldheim (Ed) Landscape as Urbanism: A General Theory, pp. 2–11. (Princeton: Princeton University Press).10.1515/9781400880546
  • Waldheim, C. (2016b) Two: autonomy, indeterminacy, self-organization, in: C. Waldheim (Ed) Landscape as Urbanism: A General Theory, pp. 32–47 (Princeton: Princeton University Press).10.1515/9781400880546
  • Watanabe, M. S. (2002) Induction Design: A Method for Evolutionary Design. (Basel, Boston: Birkhauser).
  • Woodbury, R. (2010) Elements of Parametric Design. (London: Routledge).
  • Zaha Hadid Architects. (2006) Kartal-Pendik Masterplan Press Description. (İstanbul: İstanbul Metropolitan Planning and Urban Design Center (IMP)).

  • Akın, U. on Kartal-Pendik project, 15.06.2011, İstanbul Metropolitan Planning and Urban Design Centre, İstanbul, Turkey.
  • Göksu, F. on Kartal-Pendik project management, 15.06.2011, Kentsel Strateji –Urban Strategy-, İstanbul, Turkey.
  • Özkan, M. on Kartal-Pendik project implementation, 15.06.2011, Kartal Kent-Der –Kartal Urban Development Association-, İstanbul, Turkey.
  • Sönmez, O. on Kartal-Pendik project development, 15.06.2011, İstanbul Metropolitan Planning and Urban Design Centre, İstanbul, Turkey.
  • Stefanescu, D. on parametric design systems, 08.06.2012, TU Delft, Delft, the Netherlands.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.