What Future for Green Infrastructure Planning? Evaluating the Changing Environment for Green Infrastructure Planning Following the Revocation of Regional Planning Policy in England

References

• Abson, D. J., von Wehrden, H., Baumgärtner, S., Fischer, J., Hanspach, J., Härdtle, W., et al. (2014) Ecosystem services as a boundary object for sustainability. Ecological Economics, 103, pp. 29–37. doi:10.1016/J.ECOLECON.2014.04.012.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allen, W., III. (2012) Advancing green infrastructure at all scales: From landscape to site. Environmental Practice, 14(1), pp. 17–25. doi:10.1017/S1466046611000469.
   Google Scholar
• Allmendinger, P. (2011) New Labour and Planning: From New Right to New Left, (Abingdon:Routledge).
   Google Scholar
• Andersson, E., Barthel, S., Borgström, S., Colding, J., Elmqvist, T., Folke, C., & Gren, A. (2014) Reconnecting cities to the biosphere: Stewardship of green infrastructure and urban ecosystem services. Ambio, 43(4), pp. 445–453. doi:10.1007/s13280-014-0506-y.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Angelstam, P., Andersson, K., Annerstedt, M., Axelsson, R., Elbakidze, M., Garrido, P., et al. (2013) Solving problems in social-ecological systems: Definition, practice and barriers of transdisciplinary research. Ambio, 42(2), pp. 254–265. doi:10.1007/s13280-012-0372-4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Austin, G. (2014) Green Infrastructure for Landscape Planning: Integrating Human and Natural Systems, (New York:Routledge).
   Google Scholar
• Austin, J. L. (1975) How to do things with words. J. O. Urmson & M. Sbisà (Eds) How to Do Things with Words, 2nd. (Oxford:Oxford University Press).
   Google Scholar
• Baker, M., Hincks, S., & Sherriff, S. (2010) Getting involved in plan making: Participation and stakeholder involvement in local and regional spatial strategies in England. Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy, 28(4), pp. 574–594. doi:10.1068/c0972.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baker, M., & Wong, C. (2013) The delusion of strategic spatial planning: what’s left after the labour government’s English regional experiment? Planning Practice and Research, 28(1), pp. 83–103. doi:10.1080/02697459.2012.694314.
   Google Scholar
• Beatley, T. (2000) Green Urbanism: Learning from European Cities, (Washington DC:Island Press).
   Google Scholar
• Beatley, T. (2016) Handbook of Biophilic Planning & Design, (Washington, DC:Island Press).
   Google Scholar
• Benedict, M. A., & McMahon, E. T. (2006).Green Infrastructure: Linking Landscapes and Communities. Urban Land (Vol. June), (Washington, DC:Island Press).
   Google Scholar
• Berke, P. R., & Conroy, M. M. (2000) Are we planning for sustainable development? Journal of the American Planning Association, 66(1), pp. 21–33.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blackman, D., & Thackray, R. (2007) The Green Infrastructure of Sustainable Communities, (North Allerton:England’s Community Forests).
   Google Scholar
• Calvert, T., Sinnett, D., Smith, N., Jerome, G., Burgess, S., & King, L. (2018 October 20) Setting the standard for green infrastructure: The need for, and features of, a Benchmark in England. Planning Practice and Research, Routledge doi:10.1080/02697459.2018.1531580.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cambridgeshire Horizons. (2011) Cambridgeshire Green Infrastructure Strategy, (Cambridge:Cambridgeshire Horizons).
   Google Scholar
• Carlet, F. (2015) Understanding attitudes toward adoption of green infrastructure: A case study of US municipal officials. Environmental Science & Policy, 51, pp. 65–76. doi:10.1016/j.envsci.2015.03.007.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chenoweth, J., Anderson, A. R., Kumar, P., Hunt, W. F., Chimbwandira, S. J., & Moore, T. L. C. (2018) The interrelationship of green infrastructure and natural capital. Land Use Policy, 75, pp. 137–144. doi:10.1016/J.LANDUSEPOL.2018.03.021.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conservative Party. (2009). Control Shift: Returning Power to Local Communities. Policy Green Paper No. 9. London.
   Google Scholar
• Cullingworth, B., Nadin, V., Hart, T., Davoudi, S., Pendlebury, J., Vigar, G., et al. (2015) Town and Country Planning in the UK, 15th. (Abingdon:Routledge).
   Google Scholar
• Davies, C., & Lafortezza, R. (2017) Urban green infrastructure in Europe: Is greenspace planning and policy compliant? Land Use Policy, 69, pp. 93–101. doi:10.1016/J.LANDUSEPOL.2017.08.018.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Magalhães, C. (2012) Business improvement districts and the recession: Implications for public realm governance and management in England. Progress in Planning, 77(4), pp. 143–177. doi:10.1016/J.PROGRESS.2012.03.002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Defra. (2011) The Natural Choice: Securing the Value of Nature, (London: The Stationary Office).
   Google Scholar
• Department of Communities and Local Government. (2018) National Planning Policy Framework, (London:ODPM).
   Google Scholar
• Deppisch, S., & Hasibovic, S. (2013) Social-ecological resilience thinking as a bridging concept in transdisciplinary research on climate-change adaptation. Natural Hazards, 67(1), pp. 117–127. doi:10.1007/s11069-011-9821-9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dover, J. (2015) Green Infrastructure: Incorporating Plants and Enhancing Biodiversity in Buildings and Urban Environments, (Abingdon:Routledge).
   Google Scholar
• Edwards, M. M., & Haines, A. (2007) Evaluating smart growth: Implications for small communities. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 27(1), pp. 49–64. doi:10.1177/0739456X07305792.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Escobedo, F. J., Giannico, V., Jim, C. Y., Sanesi, G., & Lafortezza, R. (2018) Urban forests, ecosystem services, green infrastructure and nature-based solutions: Nexus or evolving metaphors? Urban Forestry & Urban Greening. doi:10.1016/J.UFUG.2018.02.011.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finewood, M. H., Matsler, A. M., & Zivkovich, J. (2019) Green infrastructure and the hidden politics of urban stormwater governance in a postindustrial city. Annals of the American Association of Geographers, 109(3), pp. 909–925. doi:10.1080/24694452.2018.1507813.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Firehock, K. (2015) Strategic Green Infrastructure Planning: A Multi-Scale Approach, (Washington, DC:Island Press).
   Google Scholar
• Forest Research. (2010) The Case for Trees in Development and the Urban Environment, (Bristol:Forestry Research).
   Google Scholar
• Garmendia, E., Apostolopoulou, E., Adams, W. M., & Bormpoudakis, D. (2016) Biodiversity and green infrastructure in Europe: Boundary object or ecological trap? Land Use Policy, 56, pp. 315–319. doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2016.04.003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greater London Authority. (2016) `The London Plan: The Spatial Development Strategy for London Consolidated with Alterartions since 2011, (London:Greater London Authority).
   Google Scholar
• Hajer, M. (1997) The Politics of Environmental Discourse: Ecological Modernization and the Policy Process, (Oxford:Oxford University Press).
   Google Scholar
• Hall, P., & Tewdwr-Jones, M. (2010) Urban and Regional Planning, (Abingdon:Routledge).
   Google Scholar
• Hansen, R., Buizer, M., Rall, E., DeBellis, Y., Davies, C., Elands, B., Wiersum, F., (WU), & Pauleit, S., (TUM); (2015). GREEN SURGE: Report of Case Study City Portraits. Appendix - GREEN SURGE study on urban green infrastructure planning and governance in 20 European case studies Copenhagen.
   Google Scholar
• Haughton, G., Allmendinger, P., Counsell, D., & Vigar, G. (2013) The New Spatial Planning: Territorial Management with Soft Spaces and Fuzzy Boundaries, (London:Taylor & Francis).
   Google Scholar
• Hislop, M., & Corbett, A. (2018) Green Infrastructure Policies in the CSGN A Review of Local Authority Policies on Green Infrastructure in Built Development, (Glasgow:The GCV Green Network Partnership).’
   Google Scholar
• HM Government. (2018) A Green Future: Our 25 Year Plan to Improve the Environment. (London:HM Government).
   Google Scholar
• Holzinger, K., Knill, C., & Schafer, A. (2006) Rhetoric or reality? “New Governance” in EU environmental policy. European Law Journal, 12(3), pp. 403–420. doi:10.1111/j.1468-0386.2006.00323.x.
   Google Scholar
• Horwood, K. (2011) Green infrastructure : Reconciling urban green space and regional economic development : Lessons learnt from experience in England’s north-west region. Local Environment : the International Journal of Justice and Sustainability, 16(10), pp. 37–41. doi:10.1080/13549839.2011.607157.
   Google Scholar
• Kambites, C., & Owen, S. (2006) Renewed prospects for green infrastructure planning in the UK. Planning Practice and Research, 21(4), pp. 483–496. doi:10.1080/02697450601173413.
   Google Scholar
• Kirkman, R., Noonan, D. S., & Dunn, S. K. (2012) Urban transformation and individual responsibility: The Atlanta BeltLine. Planning Theory, 11(4), pp. 418–434. doi:10.1177/1473095212442821.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koc, C. B., Osmond, P., & Peters, A. (2017) Towards a comprehensive green infrastructure typology: A systematic review of approaches, methods and typologies. Urban Ecosystems, 20(1), pp. 15–35. doi:10.1007/s11252-016-0578-5.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kousky, C., Olmstead, S. M., Walls, M. A., & Macauley, M. (2013) Strategically placing green infrastructure: Cost-effective land conservation in the floodplain. Environmental Science Technology, 47(8), pp. 3563–3570. doi:10.1021/es303938c.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lachmund, J. (2013) Greening Berlin: The Co-production of Science, Politics, and Urban Nature, (Cambridge:MIT Press).
   Google Scholar
• Landscape Institute, & Town & Country Planning Association. (2012). Green Infrastructure Scoping Study WC080: Report undertaken for Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs. London.
   Google Scholar
• Lennon, M. (2014a) Green infrastructure and planning policy: A critical assessment. Local Environment, 20(8), pp. 957–980. doi:10.1080/13549839.2014.880411.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lennon, M. (2014b) Presentation and persuasion: The meaning of evidence in Irish green infrastructure policy. Evidence & Policy: A Journal of Research, Debate and Practice, 10(2), pp. 167–186. doi:10.1332/174426414X13935916947767.
   Google Scholar
• Lerner, J., & Allen III, W. L. (2012) Landscape-scale green infrastructure investments as a climate adaptation strategy: A case study for the Midwest United States. EnvironmentalPractice, 14(1), pp. 45–56.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Llausàs, A., & Roe, M. (2012) Green infrastructure planning: cross-national analysis between the North East of England (UK) and Catalonia (Spain). European Planning Studies, 20(4), pp. 641–663. doi:10.1080/09654313.2012.665032.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lowndes, V., & Pratchett, L. (2012) Local governance under the coalition government: Austerity, localism and the ‘big society.’ Local Government Studies, 38(1), pp. 21–40. doi:10.1080/03003930.2011.642949.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marshall, T. (2009) Planning and New Labour in the UK. Planning Practice and Research, 24(1), pp. 1–9. doi:10.1080/02697450902742114.
   Google Scholar
• Mayor of London’s Office. (2018) London Environment Strategy. (London:Mayor of London’s Office).
   Google Scholar
• McGuinness, D., & Mawson, J. (2017) The rescaling of sub-national planning: Can localism resolve England’s spatial planning conundrum? Town Planning Review, 88(3), pp. 283–303. doi:10.3828/tpr.2017.19.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mell, I. (2018a) Financing the future of green infrastructure planning: Alternatives and opportunities in the UK. Landscape Research, 43(6), pp. 751–768. doi:10.1080/01426397.2017.1390079.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mell, I. (2018b) Establishing the costs of poor green space management: Mistrust, financing & future development options in the UK. People, Place and Policy, 12(2), pp. 137–157.
   Google Scholar
• Mell, I., Allin, S., Reimer, M., & Wilker, J. (2017) Strategic green infrastructure planning in Germany and the UK: A transnational evaluation of the evolution of urban greening policy and practice. International Planning Studies, 22, pp. 4. doi:10.1080/13563475.2017.1291334.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mell, I., & Clement, S. (2019) Progressing green infrastructure planning: Understanding its scalar, temporal, geo-spatial and disciplinary evolution. Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, pp. 1–15. doi:10.1080/14615517.2019.1617517.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mell, I. C. (2010). Green infrastructure: concepts, perceptions and its use in spatial planning. Unpublished PhD Thesis, University of Newcastle.
   Google Scholar
• Mell, I. C. (2014) Aligning fragmented planning structures through a green infrastructure approach to urban development in the UK and USA. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, 13(4), pp. 612–620. doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2014.07.007.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mell, I. C. (2015) Green infrastructure planning: Policy and objectives, in: D. Sinnett, S. Burgess, & N. Smith Eds, Handbook on Green Infrastructure: Planning, Design and Implementation, pp. 105–123. (Cheltenham:Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd)
   Google Scholar
• Mell, I. C. (2016) Global Green Frastructure: Lessons for Successful Policy-making, Investment and Management, (Abingdon:Routledge).
   Google Scholar
• Mersey Forest. (2010) Liverpool Green Infrastructure Strategy, (Risley Moss:Mersey Forest).
   Google Scholar
• Mersey Forest. (2013 September) The Mersey Forest Plan: Final Draft, (Risley Moss:Mersey Forest).
   Google Scholar
• Natural England & Landuse Consultants. (2009) Green Infrastructure Guidance, (Peterborough:Natural England).
   Google Scholar
• New York City Environmental Protection. (2010) NYC Green Infrastructure Plan: A Sustainable Strategy for Clean Waterways, (New York:New York City Environmental Protection).
   Google Scholar
• North West Green Infrastructure Think Tank. (2006). North West Green Infrastructure Guide. Available at http://www.greeninfrastructurenw.co.uk/resources/GIguide.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Northumberland Country Council. (2011). South East Northumberland Green Infrastructure Strategy, (Warrington:Strategic Leisure).
   Google Scholar
• Office of the Deputy Prime Minister. (2005) Creating Sustainable Communities: Greening the Gateway Implementation Plan, (London:ODPM).
   Google Scholar
• Pearce, G., & Ayres, S. (2012) Back to the local? Recalibrating the regional tier of governance in England. Regional & Federal Studies, 22(1), pp. 1–24. doi:10.1080/13597566.2012.652418.
   Google Scholar
• Philadelphia Water Department. (2011) Green City, Clean Waters: The City of Philadelphia’s Program for Combined Sewer Overflow Control, (Philadelphia:Philadelphia Water Department).
   Google Scholar
• Pugalis, L., & Townsend, A. (2013) Rescaling of planning and its interface with economic development. Planning Practice and Research, 28(1), pp. 104–121. doi:10.1080/02697459.2012.699236.
   Google Scholar
• Reimer, M., & Rusche, K. (2019) Green infrastructure under pressure. A global narrative between regional vision and local implementation. European Planning Studies, 27(8), pp. 1542–1563. doi:10.1080/09654313.2019.1591346.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roe, M., & Mell, I. C. (2013) Negotiating value and priorities : Evaluating the demands of green infrastructure development. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 56(5), pp. 37–41. doi:10.1080/09640568.2012.693454.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosol, M., Béal, V., & Mössner, S. (2017) Greenest cities? The (post-)politics of new urban environmental regimes. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 49(8), pp. 1710–1718. doi:10.1177/0308518X17714843.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rouse, D. C., & Bunster-Ossa, I. (2013) Green Infrastructure: A Landscape Approach [Paperback], (Chicago:APA Planners Press).
   Google Scholar
• Schäffler, A., & Swilling, M. (2012) Valuing green infrastructure in an urban environment under pressure — The Johannesburg case. Ecological Economics, 86, pp. 246–257. doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2012.05.008.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scott, A., Carter, C., Hardman, M., Grayson, N., & Slaney, T. (2018) Mainstreaming ecosystem science in spatial planning practice: Exploiting a hybrid opportunity space. Land Use Policy, 70, pp. 232–246. doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2017.10.002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scott, A., Hölzinger, O., & Sadler, J. (2017) Making Plans for Green Infrastructure in England: Review of National Planning and Environmental Policies and Project Partners’ Plans, (Newcastle:Northumbria University & University of Birmingham).
   Google Scholar
• Scott, M., Lennon, M., Haase, D., Kazmierczak, A., Clabby, G., & Beatley, T. (2016) Nature-based solutions for the contemporary city/re-naturing the city/reflections on urban landscapes, ecosystems services and nature-based solutions in cities/multifunctional green infrastructure and climate change adaptation: brownfield greening as an adaptation strategy for vulnerable communities?/Delivering green infrastructure through planning: Insights from practice in Fingal, Ireland/Planning for biophilic cities: From theory to practice. Planning Theory & Practice, 17(2), pp. 267–300. doi:10.1080/14649357.2016.1158907.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Selman, P. (2008) What do we mean by sustainable landscape? Sustainability: Science, Practice and Policy, 4(2), pp. 23–28. doi:10.1080/15487733.2008.11908019.
   Google Scholar
• Shaw, K., & Robinson, F. (2012) From “regionalism” to “localism”: Opportunities and challenges for North East England. Local Economy, 27(3), pp. 232–250. doi:10.1177/0269094211434468.
   Google Scholar
• Sinnett, D., Smith, N., & Burgess, S. (2015) Handbook on Green Infrastructure: Planning, Design and Implementation. D. Sinnett, N. Smith, & S. Burgess Eds. (Cheltenham:Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd).
   Google Scholar
• Tees Valley Joint Strategy Unit. (2008) Tees Valley Green Infrastructure Strategy: Enhancing the Environment and Achieving the Economic and Sustainable Vision, (Middlesborough:Tees Valley Joint Strategy Northumberland Unit).
   Google Scholar
• Tewdwr-Jones, M., & McNeill, D. (2000) The politics of city-region planning and governance: reconciling the national, regional and urban in the competing voices of institutional restructuring. European Urban and Regional Studies, 7(2), pp. 119–134. doi:10.1177/096977640000700202.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomas, K., & Littlewood, S. (2010) From green belts to green infrastructure? The evolution of a new concept in the emerging soft governance of spatial strategies. Planning Practice and Research, 25(2), pp. 203–222. doi:10.1080/02697451003740213.
   Google Scholar
• Ward, M. (2011) Prospects for local economic development in the north of England under the coalition. Local Economy, 26(8), 679–683. doi:10.1177/0269094211422193.
   Google Scholar
• Weber, T. (2007). Ecosystem services in Cecil County ’ s Green Infrastructure: Technical Report for the Cecil County Green Infrastructure Plan. Annapolis, MD.
   Google Scholar
• Weber, T., Sloan, A., & Wolf, J. 2006. Maryland's green infrastructure assessment: Development of a comprehensive approach to land conservation. Landscape and Urban Planning, 77(1–2): 94–110.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitten, M. (2019) Blame it on austerity? Examining the impetus behind London’s changing green space governance. People, Place and Policy, pp. 204–224. doi:10.3351/ppp.2019.8633493848.
   Google Scholar
• Williams, A., Goodwin, M., & Cloke, P. (2014) Neoliberalism, big society, and progressive localism. Environment and Planning A, 46(12), pp. 2798–2815. doi:10.1068/a130119p.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wright, H. (2011) Understanding green infrastructure : The development of a contested concept in England. Local Environment : the International Journal of Justice and Sustainability, 16(10), pp. 37–41. doi:10.1080/13549839.2011.631993.
   Google Scholar
• Young, R., Zanders, J., Lieberknecht, K., & Fassman-Beck, E. (2014) A comprehensive typology for mainstreaming urban green infrastructure. Journal of Hydrology, 519, pp. 2571–2583. doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.05.048.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young, R. F., & McPherson, E. G. (2013) Governing metropolitan green infrastructure in the United States. Landscape and Urban Planning, 109(1), 67–75. doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2012.09.004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar