- JOSEPH, S. and MASTEKSON, J.: Posttraumatic stress disorder and traumatic brain injury: are they mutually exclusive? Journal of Traumatic Stress, 12: 437-453, 1999.
- DELAHANTY, D. L., RAIMONDE, A. J. and SPOONSTER, E.: Initial posttraumatic urinary cortisol levels predict subsequent PTSD symptoms in motor vehicle accident victims. Biological Psychiatry, 48: 940-947, 2000.
- McFARLANE1A. C., ATCHISON, M. and YEHUDA, R.: The acute stress response following MVAs and its relation to PTSD. Annals of New York Academy of Sciences, 821: 437-441, 1997.
- ADLER, A.: Neuropsychiatrie complications in victims of Boston's Cocoanut Grove disaster. Journal of the American Medical Association, 123: 1098-1101, 1943.
- AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION: Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 3rd edn (Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association), 1980.
- AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION: Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th edn (Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association), 1994.
- SBORDONE, R. J.: Neuropsychology for the attorney (Orlando, FL: Deutsch Press), 1991.
- PRICE, K. P.: Posttraumatic stress disorder and concussion: are they incompatible? Defense Law Journal, 43: 113-120, 1994.
- SBORDONE, R. J. and LITER, J. C.: Mild traumatic brain injury does not produce post-traumatic stress disorder. Brain Injury, 9: 405-412, 1995.
- MAYOU, R., BRYANT, B. and DUTHIE, R.: Psychiatric consequences of road traffic accidents. British Medical Journal, 307: 647-651, 1993.
- MIDDLEBOE, T., ANDERSON, H. S., BIRKET-SMITH, M. et al: Minor head injury: impact on general health after 1 year. A prospective follow up study. A eta Neurologica Scandinavica, 85: 5-9, 1992.
- OHRY, A., RATTOK, J. and SOLOMON, Z.: Post-traumatic stress disorder in brain injury patients. Brain Injury, 10: 687-695, 1996.
- BRYANT, R. A. and HARVEY, A. G.: The influence of traumatic brain injury on acute stress disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder following motor vehicle accidents. Brain Injury, 13: 15-22, 1999.
- FRIEDMAN, M. J.: Biological approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 4: 67-69, 1991.
- YEHUDA, K., SOUTHWICK, S., GILLER, E. L. et al.: Urinary catecholamine excretion and seventy of PTSD symptoms in Vietnam combat veterans. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 180: 321-325, 1992.
- KOSTEN, T. R., MASON, J. W., GILLER, E. L. et al.: Sustained urinary norepinephrine and epinephrine elevation in post-traumatic stress disorder. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 12: 13-20, 1987.
- LEMIEUX, A.M. and COE, C. L.: Abuse related posttraumatic stress disorder: evidence for chronic neuroendocrine activation in women. Psychosomatic Medicine, 57: 105-115, 1995.
- PITMAN, R. K AND ORR, S. P.: Twenty-four hour urinary cortisol and catecholamine excretion and severity in combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder. Biological Psychiatry, 27: 245-247, 1995.
- MASON, J. W., GILLER, E. L., KOSTEN, T. R. et al.: Urinary free cortisol levels in post traumatic stress disorder patients. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 174: 149, 1986.
- YEHUDA, R.,BOISONEAU, D.,MASON, J. W. et al.: Dose-response changes in plasma cotrisol and lymptocyte glucocorticoid receptors following dexamethasone administration in combat veterans with and without posttraumatic stress disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 52: 583-593, 1995.
- YEHUDA,R.,SOUTHWICK, S.M.,NUSSBAUM, G. ft ai.: Low urinary cortisol excretion in patients with posttrauamtic stress disorder. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 178: 366-373, 1990.
- YEHUDA, R.,BOISONEAU, D.,M ASON, J. W. et al.: Glucocorticoid receptor number and cortisol excretion in mood, anxiety, and psychotic disorders. Biological Psychiatry, 34: 18-25, 1993.
- YEHUDA, R., LOWY, M. T., SOUTHWICK, S. M. et al.: Lymphocyte glucocorticoid receptor number in posttraumatic stress disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 148: 499-504, 1991.
- MASON, J. R., GILLER, K.,KOSTEN, L. et al.: Urinary catecholamines in PTSD. American Journal of Psychiatry, 102: 670-677, 1988.
- YEHUDA, R. and HARVEY, P.: Relevance of neuroendocrine alterations in PTSD to memoryrelated impairments of trauma survivors. In: A. Read and H. D. Lindsay (editors) Recollections of Trauma (New York: Plenum Press), pp. 221-242, 1997.
- TEASDALE, G. and JEN N ETT, B.: Assessment of coma and impaired consciousness: a practical scale. Lancet, 2: 81-84, 1974.
- FIRST, M. B., GIBBON, M., SPITZER, R. L. et al.: Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID) (New York: Biometrics Research Department, New York Psychiatric Institute), 1996.
- HOHOWITZ, M., WILNER, N. and ALVAREZ, W.: Impact of event scale: measure of subjective stress. Psychosomatic Medicine, 41: 209-218, 1979.
- FOLSTEIN, M. F., FOLSTEIN, S. E. and MCHUCH, P. R.: 'Mini Mental State'. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychitaric Research, 12: 189-198, 1975.
- ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF AUTOMOTIVE MEDICINE: The abbreviated injury scale (Des Plaines, IL: Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine), 1990.
- NAUULE, R. I., CULLUM, C. M. and BIULER, E. D.: Introduction to clinical neuropsychology: A casebook (Austin, Texas: PRO-ED), 1998.
- NELSON, A., FOUEL, B. S. and FAUST, D.: Bedside screening instruments: a critical assessment. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 174: 73-83, 1986.
- DZIEDZIC, L., BRADY, W. J., LINDSAY, R. et al.: The use of the mini-mental status examination in the ED evaluation of the elderly. American Journal of Emergency Medicine, 16: 686-689, 1998.
- BAKER, S. P., O'NEILL,B.,HADDON, W. et al.: The injury seventy score: a method for describing patients with multiple injuries and evaluating emergency care. Journal of Trauma, 14: 187-196, 1974.
- HOVENS, J. E., FALUER, P. R. J., DEN VELDE, W. O. et al.: Occurrence of current posttraumatic stress disorder among Dutch World War II resistance veterans according to the SClD. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 6: 147-157, 1992.
- SOLOMON, Z.,BENBENISHTY, R.,NERIA, Y. et al.: Assessment of PTSD: validation of the revised PTSD inventory. Israel Journal of Psychiatry and Related Sciences, 30: 110-115, 1993.
- BARON, K. M. and KENNY, D. A.: The moderator-mediator distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51: 1173-1182, 1986.
- MCGAUUH, J. L.: Significance and remembrance: the role of neuromodulatory systems. Psychological Science, 1: 15-25, 1990.
- CAHILL, L., PRINS, B., WEBER, M. et al.: B-adrenergic activation and memory for emotional events. Nature, 371: 702-704, 1994.
- O1BRiEN, M. and NUTT, D.: Loss of consciousness and post-traumatic stress disorder: a clue to aetiology and treatment. British Journal of Psychiatry, 173: 102-104, 1998.
- SHERMAN, J. J.: Effects of psycho therapeutic treatments for PTSD: a meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 11: 413-434, 1998.
- MILLER, L.: Motor vehicle accidents: clinical, neuropsychological, and forensic aspects. Journal of Cognitive Rehabilitation, 16: 10-23, 1998.
Amnesia, neuroendocrine levels and PTSD in motor vehicle accident victims
Reprints and Corporate Permissions
Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?
To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:
Academic Permissions
Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?
Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:
If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.
Related research
People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.
Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.
Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.