References
- Koepsell TD, Rivara FP, Vavilala MS, Wang J, Temkin N, Jaffe KM, Durbin DR, et al. Incidence and descriptive epidemiologic features of traumatic brain injury in King County, Washington. Pediatrics. 2011 Nov;128(5):946–54. doi:https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2010-2259.
- Aber JL, Bennett NG, Conley Dc, Li J, et al. The effects of poverty on child health and development. Annu Rev Public Health. 1997;18(1):463–83.doi:https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.publhealth.18.1.463.
- Chaudry A, Wimer C. Poverty is not just an indicator: the relationship between income, poverty, and child well-being. Acad Pediatr. 2016 Apr;16(3 Suppl):S23–9. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2015.12.010.
- Davis-Kean PE. The influence of parent education and family income on child achievement: the indirect role of parental expectations and the home environment. J Fam Psychol. 2005 Jun;19(2):294–304. doi:https://doi.org/10.1037/0893-3200.19.2.294.
- Ursache A, Noble KG. Neurocognitive development in socioeconomic context: multiple mechanisms and implications for measuring socioeconomic status. Psychophysiology. 2016 Jan;53(1):71–82. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.12547.
- Babikian T, Asarnow R. Neurocognitive outcomes and recovery after pediatric TBI: meta-analytic review of the literature. Neuropsychology. 2009 May;23(3):283–96. doi:https://doi.org/10.1037/a0015268.
- Babikian T, Satz P, Zaucha K, Light R, Lewis RS, Asarnow RF, et al. The UCLA longitudinal study of neurocognitive outcomes following mild pediatric traumatic brain injury. J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2011 Sep;17(5):886–95. doi:https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617711000907.
- Zamani A, Mychasiuk R, Semple BD. Determinants of social behavior deficits and recovery after pediatric traumatic brain injury. Exp Neurol. 2019 Apr;314:34–45. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.01.007.
- Schorr E, Wade SL, Taylor HG, Stancin T, Yeates KO, et al. Parenting styles as a predictor of long-term psychosocial outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in early childhood. Disabil Rehabil. 2020 Aug;42(17):2437–43. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2019.1602676.
- Rivara JB, Jaffe KM, Polissar NL, Fay GC, Martin KM, Shurtleff HA, Liao S, et al. Family functioning and children’s academic performance and behavior problems in the year following traumatic brain injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1994 Apr;75(4):369–79. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-9993(94)90157-0.
- Rivara JB, Jaffe KM, Fay GC, Polissar NL, Martin KM, Shurtleff HA, Liao S, et al. Family functioning and injury severity as predictors of child functioning one year following traumatic brain injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1993 Oct;74(10):1047–55. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-9993(93)90060-N.
- McCarty CA, Zatzick D, Stein E, et al. Collaborative care for adolescents with persistent postconcussive symptoms: a randomized trial. Pediatrics. 2016 Oct; Vol. 138 4.
- O’Connor SS, Zatzick DF, Wang J, Temkin N, Koepsell TD, Jaffe KM, Durbin D, Vavilala MS, Dorsch A, Rivara FP, et al. Association between posttraumatic stress, depression, and functional impairments in adolescents 24 months after traumatic brain injury. J Trauma Stress. 2012 Jun;25(3):264–71. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.21704.
- Holland JN, Schmidt AT. Static and dynamic factors promoting resilience following traumatic brain injury: a brief review. Neural Plast. 2015;2015:902802.
- Catroppa C, Anderson V. Recovery and predictors of intellectual ability two years following paediatric traumatic brain injury. Neuropsychol Rehabil. 2003;13(5):517–36.doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/09602010343000084.
- Todis B, Glang A, Bullis M, Ettel D, Hood D, et al. Longitudinal investigation of the post-high school transition experiences of adolescents with traumatic brain injury. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2011 Mar-Apr;26(2):138–49. doi:https://doi.org/10.1097/HTR.0b013e3181e5a87a.
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Traumatic brain injury in the United States: a report to congress. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/traumaticbraininjury/pdf/TBI_in_the_US.pdf. Accessed January 3, 2020.
- Rivara FP, Koepsell TD, Wang J, Temkin N, Dorsch A, Vavilala MS, Durbin D, Jaffe KM, et al. Disability 3, 12, and 24 months after traumatic brain injury among children and adolescents. Pediatrics. 2011 Nov;128(5):e1129–38. doi:https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2011-0840.
- Shay N, Yeates KO, Walz NC, Stancin T, Taylor HG, Beebe DW, Caldwell CT, Krivitzky L, Cassedy A, Wade SL. Sleep problems and their relationship to cognitive and behavioral outcomes in young children with traumatic brain injury. J Neurotrauma. 2014 Jul 15;31(14):1305–12. doi:https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2013.3275. Epub 2014 Jun 3.
- Taylor HG, Orchinik LJ, Minich N, Dietrich A, Nuss K, Wright M, Bangert B, Rusin J, Yeates KO, et al. Symptoms of persistent behavior problems in children with mild traumatic brain injury. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2015 Sep-Oct;30(5):302–10. doi:https://doi.org/10.1097/HTR.0000000000000106.
- Gershon R, Rothrock NE, Hanrahan RT, Jansky LJ, Harniss M, Riley W, et al. The development of a clinical outcomes survey research application: assessment center. Qual Life Res. 2010 Jun;19(5):677–85. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-010-9634-4.
- Gershon RC, Rothrock N, Hanrahan R, et al. The use of PROMIS and assessment center to deliver patient-reported outcome measures in clinical research. J Appl Meas 2010;11:304–14.
- Ayr LK, Yeates KO, Taylor HG, Browne M. Dimensions of postconcussive symptoms in children with mild traumatic brain injuries. J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2009 Jan;15(1):19–30. doi:https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617708090188.
- Varni JW, Limbers CA. The pediatric quality of life inventory: measuring pediatric health-related quality of life from the perspective of children and their parents. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2009 Aug;56(4):843–63. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcl.2009.05.016.
- Agtarap S, Kramer MD, Campbell-Sills L, et al. Invariance of the bifactor structure of mild traumatic brain injury (mtbi) symptoms on the rivermead postconcussion symptoms questionnaire across time, demographic characteristics, and clinical groups: a TRACK-TBI study. Assessment. 2020 Apr;24:1073191120913941.
- Brett BL, Kramer MD, McCrea MA, Broglio SP, McAllister TW, Nelson LD, Hazzard JB, Kelly LA, Ortega J, Port N, et al. Bifactor model of the sport concussion assessment tool symptom checklist: replication and invariance across time in the CARE consortium sample. Am J Sports Med. 2020 Sep;48(11):2783–95. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546520946056.
- Karr JE, Iverson GL. The structure of post-concussion symptoms in adolescent student athletes: confirmatory factor analysis and measurement invariance. Clin Neuropsychol. 2020 Dec;9:1–40. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/13854046.2020.1850867.
- de Kloet AJ, Lambregts SA, Berger MA, van Markus F, Wolterbeek R, Vliet Vlieland TPM, et al. Family impact of acquired brain injury in children and youth. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2015 Jun;36(5):342–51. doi:https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0000000000000169.
- Limond J, Dorris L, McMillan TM. Quality of life in children with acquired brain injury: parent perspectives 1–5 years after injury. Brain Inj. 2009 Jul;23(7):617–22. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/02699050902997870.
- Zonfrillo MR, Durbin DR, Koepsell TD, Wang J, Temkin NR, Dorsch AM, Vavilala MS, Jaffe KM, Rivara FP, et al. Prevalence of and risk factors for poor functioning after isolated mild traumatic brain injury in children. J Neurotrauma. 2014 Apr 15;31(8):722–27. doi:https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2013.3088.
- Tulsky DS, Kisala PA, Victorson D, Carlozzi N, Bushnik T, Sherer M, Choi SW, Heinemann AW, Chiaravalloti N, Sander AM, et al. TBI-QOL: development and calibration of item banks to measure patient reported outcomes following traumatic brain injury. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2016 Jan-Feb;31(1):40–51. doi:https://doi.org/10.1097/HTR.0000000000000131.
- Kim KW, Wallander JL, Peskin M, Cuccaro P, Elliott MN, Schuster MA, et al. Associations between parental SES and children’s health-related quality of life: the role of objective and subjective social status. J Pediatr Psychol. 2018 Jun 1;43(5):534–42. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsx139.
- Moran LM, Babikian T, Del Piero L, Ellis MU, Kernan CL, Newman N, Giza CC, Mink R, Johnson J, Babbitt C, et al. The UCLA study of predictors of cognitive functioning following moderate/severe pediatric traumatic brain injury. J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2016 May;22(5):512–19. doi:https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617716000175.
- McEwen BS, Gianaros PJ. Central role of the brain in stress and adaptation: links to socioeconomic status, health, and disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2010;1186:190–222.
- Shonkoff JP. Capitalizing on advances in science to reduce the health consequences of early childhood adversity. JAMA Pediatr. 2016 Oct 1;170(10):1003–07. doi: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2016.1559.
- Imami L, Tobin ET, Kane HS, Saleh DJ, Lupro TH, Slatcher RB, et al. Effects of socioeconomic status on maternal and child positive behaviors in daily life among youth with asthma. J Pediatr Psychol. 2015 Jan-Feb;40(1):55–65. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsu066.
- Belsky J, Bell B, Bradley RH, Stallard N, Stewart-Brown SL, et al. Socioeconomic risk, parenting during the preschool years and child health age 6 years. Eur J Public Health. 2007 Oct;17(5):508–13. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckl261.
- Yeates KO, Taylor HG, Walz NC, Stancin T, Wade SL, et al. The family environment as a moderator of psychosocial outcomes following traumatic brain injury in young children. Neuropsychology. 2010 May;24(3):345–56. doi:https://doi.org/10.1037/a0018387.
- Dennis M, Spiegler BJ, Simic N, et al. Functional plasticity in childhood brain disorders: when, what, how, and whom to assess. Neuropsychol Rev. 2014 Dec;24(4):389–408.
- Sanders LM, Federico S, Klass P, Abrams MA, Dreyer B, et al. Literacy and child health: a systematic review. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2009 Feb;163(2):131–40. doi:https://doi.org/10.1001/archpediatrics.2008.539.
- Fuentes MM, Thompson L, Quistberg DA, et al. Auditing Access to outpatient rehabilitation services for children with traumatic brain injury and public insurance in Washington state. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2017 Sep;98(9):1763–1770.e7. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2016.12.013.
- McMorrow S, Kenney GM, Anderson N, Clemans-Cope L, Dubay L, Long SK, Wissoker D, et al. Trade-offs between public and private coverage for low-income children have implications for future policy debates. Health Aff (Millwood). 2014 Aug;33(8):1367–74. doi:https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2014.0264.
- Wherry LR, Kenney GM, Sommers BD. The role of public health insurance in reducing child poverty. Acad Pediatr. 2016 Apr;16(3 Suppl):S98–s104. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2015.12.011.
- Zhang W, Baranek G. The impact of insurance coverage types on access to and utilization of health services for U.S. children with autism. Psychiatr Serv. 2016 Aug 1;67(8):908–11. doi: https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201500206.
- Harstad E, Huntington N, Bacic J, Barbaresi W, et al. Disparity of care for children with parent-reported autism spectrum disorders. Acad Pediatr. 2013 Jul-Aug;13(4):334–39. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2013.03.010.
- Jimenez N, Symons RG, Wang J, et al. Outpatient rehabilitation for medicaid-insured children hospitalized with traumatic brain injury. In: Pediatrics. Vol. 137. 6; 2016. p. Jun.
- Fuentes MM, Apkon S, Jimenez N, Rivara FP, et al. Association between facility type during pediatric inpatient rehabilitation and functional outcomes. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2016 Sep;97(9):1407–1412.e1. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2016.02.026.
- Graves JM, Mackelprang JL, Moore M, Abshire DA, Rivara FP, Jimenez N, Fuentes M, Vavilala MS, et al. Rural-urban disparities in health care costs and health service utilization following pediatric mild traumatic brain injury. Health Serv Res. 2019 Apr;54(2):337–45. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6773.13096.
- Brooks BL, Kadoura B, Turley B, Crawford S, Mikrogianakis A, Barlow KM, et al. Perception of recovery after pediatric mild traumatic brain injury is influenced by the “good old days” bias: tangible implications for clinical practice and outcomes research. Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2014 Mar;29(2):186–93. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/act083.
- Wade SL, Zhang N, Yeates KO, et al. Social environmental moderators of long-term functional outcomes of early childhood brain injury. JAMA Pediatr. 2016 Apr;170(4):343–49. doi:https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2015.4485.