127
Views
10
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original

The development of monophthongal vowels in Korean: Age and sex differences

, PhD &
Pages 523-536 | Received 15 Aug 2007, Accepted 17 Jan 2008, Published online: 09 Jul 2009

References

  • Bennett S. Vowel formant frequency characteristics of preadolescent males and females,. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 1981; 69: 231–238
  • Bennett S. A 3‐year longitudinal study of school‐aged children's fundamental frequencies,. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research 1983; 26: 137–142
  • Busby P. A., Plant G. L. Formant frequency values of vowels produced by preadolescent boys and girls. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 1995; 97: 2603–2606
  • Choi J., Kim J. A study of acoustic phonetics of Korean vowel sounds in the primary dentition. Taehan Soa Chigwa Hakhway Ji 1994; 21: 143–152
  • Diehl R. L., Kluender K. R. On the objects of speech perception. Ecological Psychology 1989; 1: 121–144
  • Eguchi S., Hirsh I. J. Development of speech sounds in children,. Acta Oto‐Laryngol. Supplement 1969; 257: 1–51
  • Fant G. Speech Sounds and Features. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA 1973
  • Fant G. Non‐uniform vowel normalizaiton. 1975; 1–19, Speech Transmission Laboratory Quarterly Process Status Report, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
  • Fitch W. T., Giedd J. Morphology and development of the human vocal tract: A study using magnetic resonance imaging. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 1999; 106: 1511–1522
  • Hasek C. S., Singh S., Murray T. Acoustical attributes of pre‐adolescent voices. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 1980; 68: 1262–1265
  • Kent R. D. Anatomical and Neuromuscular maturation of the speech mechanism: Evidence from acoustic study. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research 1976; 19: 421–445
  • Lee K., Lee P., Ock J. The study of formants of Korean vowels in children between 3–5 years old. Communication Disorders (Korean) 2001; 24: 139–148
  • Lee S., Potanianos A., Narayanan S. Acoustics of children's speech: Developmental changes of temporal and spectral parameters. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 1999; 105: 1455–1468
  • Perry T. L., Ohde R. N., Ashmead D. H. The acoustic bases for gender identification from children's voices. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 2001; 109: 2988–2998
  • Stevens K., House A. Development of a quantitative description of vowel articulation. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 1955; 27: 484–493
  • US Bureau of the Census. Statistical Abstract of the United States. US Department of Commerce, Washington, DC 2005
  • Vorperian H. K., Kent R. D. Vowel acoustic space development in children: A synthesis of acoustic and anatomic data. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 2007; 50: 1510–1545
  • Vorperian H. K., Kent R. D., Lindstrom M. J., Kalina C. M., Gentry L. R., Yandell B. S. Development of vocal tract length during early childhood: A magnetic resonance imaging study. Journal of the International Phonetic Association 2005; 117: 338–350
  • Whalen D. H., Levitt A. G. The universality of intrinsic f0 of vowels. Journal of Phonetics 1995; 23: 349–366
  • Whiteside S. P., Hodgson C. The development of fundamental frequency in 6 to 10 year old children: A brief study. Journal of the International Phonetic Association 1998; 28: 55–62
  • Whiteside S. P., Hodgson C. Some acoustic characteristics in the voices of 6‐ to 10‐year‐old children and adults: a comparative sex and developmental perspective. Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology 2000; 25: 122–132
  • Yang B. A comparative study of American English and Korean vowels produced by male and female speakers. Journal of Phonetics 1996; 24: 245–261

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.