References
- Acarlar, F., & Judith, J. (2011). Acquisition of Turkish grammatical morphology by children with developmental disorders. International Journal Language and Communication Disorders, 46(6), 727–738. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-6984.2011.00035.x
- Al-Tamimi, F., Khamaiseh, Z., & Howell, P. (2013). Phonetic complexity and stuttering in Arabic. Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, 27(12), 874–887. https://doi.org/10.3109/02699206.2013.823242
- Au-Yeung, J., Gomez, I. V., & Howell, P. (2003). Exchange of disfluency with age from function to content words in Spanish speakers who stutter. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 46(3), 754–765. https://doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2003/060)
- Au-Yeung, J., Howell, P., & Pilgrim, L. (1998). Phonological words and stuttering on function words. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 41(5), 1019–1030. https://doi.org/10.1044/jslhr.4105.1019
- Balcı, A. (2012). Biçimbilim II: Sözcük yapısı. In S. Özsoy & Z. Erk-Emeksiz (Eds.), Genel dilbilim I (pp. 36–59). Anadolu University Pub.
- Bloodstein, O., & Gantwerk, B. F. (1967). Grammatical function in relation to stuttering in young children. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 10(4), 786–789. https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.1004.786
- Bloodstein, O., & Grossman, M. (1981). Early stutterings: Some aspects of their form and distribution. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 24(2), 298–302. https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.2402.298
- Brown, S. F. (1937). The influence of grammatical function on the incidence of stuttering. Journal of Speech Disorders, 2(207–215), 207–215. https://doi.org/10.1044/jshd.0204.207
- Brown, S. F. (1945). The loci of stutterings in the speech sequence. Journal of Speech Disorders, 10(3), 182–192. https://doi.org/10.1044/jshd.1003.181
- Byrd, C. T., Coalson, G. A., Yang, J., & Moriarty, K. (2017). The effect of phonetic complexity on the speed of single-word productions in adults who do and do not stutter. Journal of Communication Disorders, 69, 94–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017.06.009
- Chitoran, I., & Cohn, A. C. (2009). Complexity in phonetics and phonology: Gradience, categoriality, and naturalness. In F. Pellegrino, E. Marsico, I. Chitoran, & C. Coupe (Eds.), Approaches to phonological complexity (pp. 21–46). Mouton de Gruyter.
- Coalson, G. A., Byrd, C. T., & Davis, B. L. (2012). The influence of phonetic complexity on stuttered speech. Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, 26(7), 646–659. https://doi.org/10.3109/02699206.2012.682696
- Dayalu, V. N., Kalinowski, J., Stuart, A., Holbert, D., & Rastatter, M. P. (2002). Stuttering frequency on content and function words in adults who stutter: A concept revisited. Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing Research, 45(5), 871–878. https://doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2002/070)
- Dworzynski, K., & Howell, P. (2004). Predicting stuttering from phonetic complexity in German. Journal of Fluency Disorders, 29(2), 149–173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfludis.2004.03.001
- Dworzynski, K., Howell, P., Au-Yeung, J., & Rommel, D. (2004). Stuttering on function and content words across age groups of German speakers who stutter. Journal of Multilingual Communication Disorders, 2(2), 81–101. https://doi.org/10.1080/14769670310001625354
- Eldridge, K. A. (2006). Phonological complexity and speech disfluency in young children [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. University of Pittsburg.
- Ergenç, İ. (1989). Türkiye Türkçesinin görevsel sesbilimi. Engin Yayınevi.
- Ergenç, İ. (1995). Konuşma dili ve Türkçenin söyleyiş sözlüğü. Simurg.
- Ergenç, İ., & Bekar-Uzun, P. (2017). Türkçenin ses dizgesi. Seçkin.
- Fidan, D. (2011). Teaching soft g (<ğ>) in acquisition of literacy processing. In L. Uzun & Ü. Bozkurt (Eds.), Theoretical and applied researches on Turkish language teaching (pp. 101–112). Die Blue Eule Press.
- Howell, P., & Au-Yeung, J. (2002). The EXPLAN theory of fluency control and the diagnosis of stuttering. In E. Fave (Ed.), Pathology and therapy of speech disorders. Current issues in linguistic theory series (pp. 74–94). John Benjamins.
- Howell, P. (2004a). Assessment of some contemporary theories of stuttering that apply to spontaneous speech. Contemporary Issues in Communication Science and Disorders, 31(122–139). https://doi.org/10.1044/cicsd_31_S_123
- Howell, P. (2004b). Comparison of two ways of defining phonological words for assessing stuttering pattern changes with age in Spanish speakers who stutter. Journal of Multilingual Communication Disorders, 2(3), 161–186. https://doi.org/10.1080/14769670412331271105
- Howell, P., & Akande, O. (2005). Simulations of the types of disfluency produced in spontaneous utterances by fluent speakers, and the change in disfluency type seen as speakers who stutter get older. In J. Veronis & E. Campione (Eds.), Disfluency in spontaneous speech. ISCA tutorial and research workshop (pp. 93–98). ISCA Archive.
- Howell, P. (2010). Language processing in fluency disorders. In J. Guendouzi, F. Loncke, & M. Williams (Eds.), The handbook on psycholinguistics and cognitive processes, perspectives on communication disorders (pp. 437–464). Taylor & Francis.
- Howell, P., & Rusbridge, S. (2011). The speech and language characteristics of developmental stuttering in English speakers. In P. Howell & J. Van Borsel (Eds.), Multilingual aspects of fluency disorders (pp. 93–138). Multilingual Matters.
- Howell, P., & Au-Yeung, J. (2007). Phonetic complexity and stuttering in Spanish. Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, 21(2), 111–127. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699200600709511
- Howell, P., Au-Yeung, J., & Sackin, S. (1999). Exchange of stuttering from function words to content words with age. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 42(2), 345–354. https://doi.org/10.1044/jslhr.4202.345
- Howell, P., Au-Yeung, J., & Sackin, S. (2000). Internal structure of content words leading to lifespan differences in phonological difficulty in stuttering. Journal of Fluency Disorders, 25(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0094-730X(99)00025-X
- Howell, P., Au-Yeung, J., Yaruss, S. J., & Eldridge, K. (2006). Phonetic difficulty and stuttering in English. Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, 20(9), 703–716. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699200500390990
- Howell, P., & Dworzynski, K. (2005). Planning and execution processes in speech control by fluent speakers and speakers who stutter. Journal of Fluency Disorders, 30(4), 343–354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfludis.2005.09.005
- Jackielski, K. J. (1998). Motor organization in the acquisition of consonant clusters. [Unpublished Doctoral dissertation]. University of Texas at Austin.
- Jakielski, K. (2000). Quantifying phonetic complexity in words: An experimental index. Paper presented at the Annual Child Phonology Conference, Cedar Falls, IA.
- Jakielski, K. J., Matyasse, R., & Doyle, E. N. (2006). Acquisition of phonetic complexity in children 12–36 months of age. In Poster presented at the Annual American Speech-Language-Hearing Association Convention, Miami, FL.
- Logan, K. J. (2001). The effect of syntactic complexity upon the speech fluency of adolescents and adults who stutter. Journal of Fluency Disorders, 26(2), 85–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0094-730X(01)00093-6
- MacNeilage, P., & Davis, B. (1990). Acquisition of speech production: Frames, then content. In M. Jeannorod (Ed.), Attention and performance XIII: Motor representation and control (pp. 453–476). Lawrence Erlbaum.
- Maddieson, I. (2009). Calculating phonological complexity. In F. Pellegrino, E. Marsico, I. Chitoran, & C. Coupé (Eds.), Approaches to phonological complexity (pp. 83–110). Mouton de Gruyter.
- Marchal, A. (2011). https://www.phonetik.unimuenchen.de/~jmh/lehre/sem/ws1112/viu/Presentations/Marchal.pdf.
- Mutlu, A. (2014). The Turkish application of stuttering severity instrument between 6-16-year-old school age children [Unpublished master’s thesis]. Gazi University.
- Özdemir, R. S., Aydın, A., & Selvi, S. (2015). The relationship between lexical category and stuttering moments in Turkish. Procedia. Social and Behavioral Sciences, 193, 351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.03.320
- Riley, G. (2009). The stuttering severity instrument for adults and children (SSI-4) (4th ed.). PRO-ED.
- Selen, N. (1979). Söyleyiş sesbilimi, akustik sesbilim ve Türkiye Türkçesi. TDK.
- Selkirk, E. (1984). Phonology and syntax: The relation between sound and structure. MIT Press.
- Silverman, S. W., & Bernstein Ratner, N. (1997). Syntactic complexity, fluency, and accuracy of sentence imitation in adolescents. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 40(1), 95–106. https://doi.org/10.1044/jslhr.4001.95
- Smith, A. (1999). Stuttering: A unified approach to a multifactorial, dynamic disorder. In N. B. Ratner & E. C. Healey (Eds.), Stuttering research and practice: Bridging the gap (pp. 27–44). Lawernce Erlbaum.
- Smith, M., & Howell, P. (2013). Stuttering patterns in Japanese and English preschool-aged and school-aged children: As a progress report. Journal of the Phonetic Society of Japan., 17(2), 83–89. https://doi.org/10.24467/onseikenkyu.17.2_83
- Ujihira, A. (2011). Stuttering in Japanese. In P. Howell & J. von Borsel (Eds.), Multilingual aspects of fluency disorders (pp. 373–385). Multilingual Matters.
- Ünal-Logacev, Ö., Żygis, M., & Fuchs, S. (2019). Phonetics and phonology of soft ‘g’ in Turkish. Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 49(2), 183–206. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025100317000317
- Vahab, M., Zandiyan, A., Falahi, M. H., & Howell, P. (2013). Lexical category influences in Persian children who stutter. Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, 27(12), 862–873. https://doi.org/10.3109/02699206.2013.809792
- Varol, M. (2012). The influence of Turkish sound system on English pronunciation [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Florida State University.