Ekman's basic emotions: Why not love and jealousy?

References

• Berkowitz , L. 1989 . Frustration-aggression hypothesis: Examination and reformulation . Psychological Bulletin , 106 : 59 – 73 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buck , R. 1985 . Prime theory: An integrated view of motivation and emotion . Psychological Review , 92 : 389 – 413 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buss , D. M. 2000 . The dangerous passion: why jealousy is as necessary as love and sex , New York : Free Press .
   Google Scholar
• Buss , D. , Larsen , R. J. , Westen , D. and Semmelroth , J. 1992 . Sex differences in jealousy: Evolution, physiology, and psychology . Psychological Science , 3 : 251 – 255 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clore , G. L. , Ortony , A. and Foss , M. A. 1987 . The psychological foundations of the affective lexicon . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 53 : 751 – 766 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davidson , R. J. , Ekman , P. , Saron , C. , Senulius , J. and Friesen , W. V. 1990 . Approach-withdrawal and cerebral asymmetry: emotional expression and brain physiology . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 58 : 330 – 341 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Darwin , C. 1998 . The expression of the emotions in man and animals , 3rd ed. , New York : Oxford University Press . with an introduction, afterword, and commentaries by Paul Ekman, Original work published 1872
   Google Scholar
• DeSteno , D. , Bartlett , M. Y. , Braverman , J. and Salovey , P. 2002 . Sex differences in jealousy: Evolutionary mechanisms or artifact of measurement . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 83 : 1103 – 1116 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeSteno , D. A. and Salovey , P. 1996 . Evolutionary origins of sex differences in jealousy? . Questioning the “fitness” of the model Psychological Science , 7 : 367 – 372 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekman , P. 1989 . “ The argument and evidence about universals in facial expressions of emotion ” . In Handbook of social psychophysiology. Wiley handbooks of psychophysiology , Edited by: Wagner , H. and Manstead , A. 143 – 164 . New York : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Ekman , P. 1991 . Who can catch a liar? . American Psychologist , 46 : 913 – 920 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekman , P. 1992a . Are there basic emotions? . Psychological Review , 99 : 550 – 553 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekman , P. 1992b . Facial expressions of emotion: New findings, new questions . Psychological Science , 3 : 34 – 38 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekman , P. 1992c . An argument for basic emotions . Cognition and Emotion , 6 : 169 – 200 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekman , P. 1994a . Strong evidence for universals in facial expressions: A reply to Russell's mistaken critique . Psychological Bulletin , 115 : 268 – 287 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekman , P. 1994 . “ All emotions are basic ” . In The nature of emotion: Fundamental questions , Edited by: Ekman , P. and Davidson , R. J. New York : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Ekman , P. 1997 . “ Expression or communication about emotion ” . In Uniting psychology and biology: Integrative perspectives on human development , Edited by: Segal , N. L. and Weisfeld , G. E. 315 – 338 . Washington, DC : American Psychological Association .
   Google Scholar
• Ekman , P. 1998 . “ Introduction, afterword, and commentaries to C. Darwin, 1872 ” . In Expression of the emotions in man and animals , 3rd ed. , New York : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Ekman , P. 1999 . “ Basic emotions ” . In Handbook of cognition and emotion , Edited by: Dalgleish , T. and Power , M. New York : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Ekman , P. and Davidson , R. 1993 . Voluntary smiling changes regional brain activity . Psychological Science , 4 : 342 – 345 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekman , P. and Davidson , R. 1994 . “ Affective science. A research agenda ” . In The nature of emotion: Fundamental questions , Edited by: Ekman , P. and Davidson , R. New York : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Ekman , P. and Friesen , W. V. 1971 . Constants across cultures in the face and emotion . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 17 : 124 – 139 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekman , P. , Friesen , W. V. and Ancoli , S. 1980 . Facial signs of emotional experience . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 39 : 1125 – 1134 . 1, Suppl. 6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekman , P. , Friesen , W. V. , O'Sullivan , M. , Chan , A. , Diacoyanni-Tarlatzis , I. , Heider , K. , Krause , R. , LeCompte , W. A. , Pitcairn , T. , Ricci-Bitti , P. E. , Scherer , K. , Tomita , M. and Tzavaras , A. 1987 . Universals and cultural differences in the judgments of facial expressions of emotion . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 53 : 712 – 717 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekman , P. , Friesen , W. V. and O'Sullivan , M. 1988 . Smiles when lying . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 54 : 414 – 420 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekman , P. , Levenson , R. and Friesen , W. V. 1983 . Autonomic nervous system activity distinguishes among emotions . Science , 221 : 1208 – 1210 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekman , P. and O'Sullivan , M. 1991 . Who can catch a liar? . American Psychologist , 46 : 913 – 920 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frank , M. G. and Ekman , P. 1997 . The ability to detect deceit generalizes across different types of high-stakes lies . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 72 : 1429 – 1439 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frank , R. H. 1988 . Passions within reason: The strategic role of emotions , New York : Norton .
   Google Scholar
• Fridlund , A. 1994 . Human facial expression: an evolutionary view , San Diego : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Frijda , N. H. , Kuipers , P. and ter Shure , E. 1998 . Relations among emotions, appraisals, and emotional action readiness . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 57 : 212 – 228 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green , M. C. and Sabini , J. 2005 . Gender, culture, age, and jealousy: Emotional responses to infidelity in a national sample Manuscript submitted for publication
   Google Scholar
• Hager , J. C. and Ekman , P. 1981 . Methodological problems in Tourangeau and Ellsworth's study of facial expression and experience of emotion . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 40 : 358 – 362 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris , C. R. 2002 . Psychophysiological responses to imagined infidelity . The specific innate modular view of jealousy reconsidered Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 78 : 1082 – 1091 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris , C. R. 2003 . A review of sex differences in sexual jealousy, including self-report data, psychophysiological responses, interpersonal violence, and morbid jealousy . Personality and Social Psychology Review , 7 : 102 – 128 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris , C. R. and Christenfeld , N. 1996 . Gender, jealousy, and reason . Psychological Science , 7 : 364 – 366 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Izard , C. 1992 . Basic emotions, relations among emotions, and emotion-cognition relations . Psychological Review , 99 : 561 – 656 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• James , W. 1950 . Principles of psychology , Vol. 2 , New York : Holt . Original work published 1890
   Google Scholar
• James , W. 1961 . Psychology: The briefer course , New York : Harper & Row . Original work published 1892
   Google Scholar
• Kenny , A. 1963 . Action, emotion, and will , London : Routledge & Kegan Paul .
   Google Scholar
• Levenson , R. W. , Ekman , P. and Friesen , W. V. 1990 . Voluntary facial action generates emotion-specific autonomic nervous system activity . Psychophysiology , 27 : 363 – 384 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levenson , R. W. , Ekman , P. , Heider , K. and Friesen , W. V. 1992 . Emotion and autonomic nervous system activity in the Minangkabau of West Sumatra . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 62 : 972 – 988 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mark , F. G. , Ekman , P. and Friesen , W. 1993 . Behavioral markers and recognizability of the smile of enjoyment . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 64 : 83 – 93 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ortony , A. 1987 . Is guilt and emotion? . Cognition and Emotion , 1 : 283 – 298 .
   Google Scholar
• Pinker , S. 1997 . How the mind works , New York : Norton .
   Google Scholar
• Plutchick , R. 1980 . Emotion: A psychoevolutionary synthesis , New York : Harper & Row .
   Google Scholar
• Roseman , I. J. , Weist , C. and Swartz , T. S. 1994 . Phenomenology, behaviors and goals differentiate discrete emotions . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 67 : 206 – 221 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenberg , E. L. and Ekman , P. 1995a . Coherence between expressive and experiential systems in emotion . Cognition and Emotion , 8 : 201 – 229 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenberg , E. L. and Ekman , P. 1995b . Conceptual and methodological issues in the judgment of facial expressions of emotion . Motivation and Emotion , 19 : 111 – 138 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Royzman , E. and Sabini , J. 2001 . Something it takes to be an emotion: The interesting case of disgust . Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour , 31 : 29 – 59 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russell , J. A. 1994 . Is there universal recognition of emotion from facial expression? A review of the cross-cultural studies . Psychological Bulletin , 115 : 102 – 141 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russell , J. A. 2003 . Core affect and the psychological construction of emotion . Psychological Review , 110 : 145 – 172 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryle , G. 1961 . The concept of mind , New York : Barnes & Noble . Original work published 1949
   Google Scholar
• Sabini , J. and Green , M. C. 2004 . Emotional responses to sexual and emotional infidelity: Constants and differences across genders, samples, and methods . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 30 : 1375 – 1388 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sabini , J. and Silver , M. 1998 . Emotion, character, and responsibility , New York : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Sabini , J. and Silver , M. 1998b . The not altogether social construction of emotions: A critique of Harré and Gillett . Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour , 28 : 223 – 235 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sabini , J. and Silver , M. Gender and jealousy: Stories of infidelity . Cognition and Emotion , 19 713 – 727 . this issue
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sabini , J. and Silver , M. 2005 . Why emotional names and experiences don't neatly pair . Psychological Inquiry , 16 : 1 – 10 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schachter , S. and Singer , J. E. 1962 . Cognitive, social, and psychological determinants of emotional state . Psychological Review , 69 : 379 – 399 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tomkins , S. S. 1962 . Affect, imagery, consciousness: Vol. 1. The positive affects , New York : Springer .
   Google Scholar
• Tourangeau , R. and Ellsworth , P. C. 1979 . The role of facial response in the experience of emotion . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 37 : 1519 – 1531 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner , T. J. and Ortony , A. 1992 . Basic emotions: Can conflicting criteria converge? . Psychological Review , 99 : 566 – 571 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar