Moral and angry emotions provoked by informal social control

References

• Asch , S. E. 1951 . “ Effects of group pressure upon the modification and distortion of judgement ” . In Groups, leadership, and men , Edited by: Guetzkow , H. 177 – 190 . Pittsburgh, PA : Carnegie Press .
   Google Scholar
• Avrill , J. R. 1982 . Anger and aggression: An essay on emotion , New York : Springer-Verlag .
   Google Scholar
• Barrett , K. C. 1995 . “ A functionalist approach to shame and guilt ” . In Self-conscious emotions: The psychology of shame, guilt, embarrassment, and pride , Edited by: Tangney , J. P. and Fischer , K. W. 25 – 63 . New York : Guilford Press .
   Google Scholar
• Bentler , P. M. 1993 . EQS: Structural equation program manual , Los Angeles : BMDP Statistical Software .
   Google Scholar
• Brauer , M. and Chekroun , P. 2005 . The relationship between perceived violation of social norms and social control: Situational factors influencing the reaction to deviance . Journal of Applied Social Psychology , 35 : 3519 – 3539 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chekroun , P. and Brauer , M. 2002 . The bystander effect and social control behavior: The effect of the presence of others on people's reactions to norm violation . European Journal of Social Psychology , 32 : 853 – 867 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chekroun , P. and Brauer , M. 2004 . Contrôle social et effet spectateur: L'impact de l'implication personnelle [Social control and the bystander effect: The impact of personal implication] . L'Année Psychologique , 104 : 83 – 102 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collins , M. D. and Frey , J. H. 1992 . Drunken driving and informal social control: The case of peer intervention . Deviant Behavior , 13 : 73 – 87 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Damon , W. 1988 . The moral child: Nurturing children's natural moral growth , New York : Free Press .
   Google Scholar
• Dedrick , D. K. 1978 . Deviance and sanctioning with small groups . Social Psychology , 41 : 94 – 104 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deinstbier , R. A. 1984 . “ The role of emotion in moral socialization ” . In Emotions, cognition, behavior , Edited by: Izard , C. E. , Kagan , J. and Zajonc , R. B. 484 – 514 . New York : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Eisenberg , N. 2000 . Emotion, regulation, and moral development . Annual Review of Psychology , 51 : 665 – 697 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferguson , G. A. 1971 . Statistical analysis in psychology and education , New York : McGraw-Hill .
   Google Scholar
• Ferguson , T. J. , Stegge , H. and Damhuis , I. 1991 . Children's understanding of guilt and shame . Child Development , 62 : 827 – 839 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frijda , N. H. 1986 . The emotions , Cambridge, , UK : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Frijda , N. H. , Kuipers and ter Schure , E. 1989 . Relations among emotion, appraisal, and emotion action readiness . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 52 ( 2 ) : 212 – 228 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gehm , T. L. and Scherer , K. R. 1988 . “ Relating situation evaluation to emotion differentiation: Nonmetric analysis of cross-cultural questionnaire data ” . In Facets of emotion: Recent research , Edited by: Scherer , K. R. 61 – 78 . Hillsdale, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc .
   Google Scholar
• Gibbs , J. P. 1981a . Norms, deviance, and social control: Conceptual matters , New York : Elsevier .
   Google Scholar
• Gibbs , J. P. 1981b . “ The sociology of deviance and social control ” . In Social psychology: Sociological perspectives , Edited by: Rosenberg , M. and Turner , R. H. 483 – 552 . New York : Basic Books .
   Google Scholar
• Haidt , J. 2003 . “ The moral emotions ” . In Handbook of affective sciences , Edited by: Davidson , R. J. , Scherer , K. R. and Goldsmith , H. H. 852 – 870 . Oxford, , UK : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Harré , R. 1980 . Social being: A theory for social psychology , Totowa, NJ : Littlefield, Adams .
   Google Scholar
• Harris , P. 1989 . Children and emotion: The development of psychological understanding , Oxford, , UK : Basil Blackwell .
   Google Scholar
• Janis , I . ( 1982 ). Groupthink ( 2nd ed. ). Boston, MA : Houghton Mifflin
   Google Scholar
• Keltner , D. and Haidt , J. 1999 . Social functions of emotions at four levels of analysis . Cognition and Emotion , 13 : 505 – 521 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keltner , D. and Haidt , J. 2001 . “ Social functions of emotions ” . In Emotions: Current issues and future directions , Edited by: Mayne , T. and Bonanno , G. A. 192 – 213 . New York : Guilford Press .
   Google Scholar
• Lewis , H. B. 1971 . Shame and guilt in neurosis , New York : International Universities Press .
   Google Scholar
• Lewis , M. 1993 . “ Self-conscious emotions: Embarrassment, pride, shame, and guilt ” . In Handbook of emotions , Edited by: Lewis , M. and Haviland , J. M. 563 – 573 . New York : Guilford Press .
   Google Scholar
• Lindsay-Hartz , J. 1984 . Contrasting experiences of shame and guilt . American Behavioral Scientist , 27 ( 6 ) : 689 – 704 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lindsay-Hartz , J. , de Rivera , J. and Mascolo , M. F. 1995 . “ Differentiating guilt and shame and their effects on motivation ” . In Self-conscious emotions: Shame guilt, embarrassment, and pride , Edited by: Tangney , J. and Fischer , K. 274 – 299 . New York : Guilford Press .
   Google Scholar
• Liska , A. E. 1997 . Modeling the relationship between macro forms of social control . Annual Review of Sociology , 23 : 39 – 61 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mikula , G. , Petri , B. and Tanzer , N. 1990 . What people regard as unjust: Types and structures of everyday experiences of unjustice . European Journal of Social Psychology , 20 ( 2 ) : 133 – 149 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mikula , G. , Scherer , K. R. and Athenstaedt , U. 1998 . The role of injustice in the elicitation of differential emotional reactions . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 24 ( 7 ) : 769 – 783 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller , S. R. 1992 . The nature and severity of self-reported embarrassing circumstances . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 18 ( 2 ) : 190 – 198 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niedenthal , P. M. , Tangney , J. P. and Gavanski , I. 1994 . “If only I weren't” versus “If only I hadn't”: Distinguishing shame and guilt in counterfactual, thinking . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 67 : 585 – 595 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ortony , A. , Clore , G. and Collins , A. 1988 . The cognitive structure of emotions , Cambridge, , UK : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Ortony , A. and Turner , T. J. 1990 . What's basic about basic emotions? . Psychological Review , 97 : 315 – 331 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parkinson , B. 1996 . Emotions are social . British Journal of Psychology , 87 : 663 – 683 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roseman , I. J. 1984 . “ Cognitive determinant of emotion: A structural theory ” . In Review of personality and social psychology , Edited by: Shaver , P. Vol. 5 , 11 – 36 . Beverley Hills, CA : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Roseman , I. J. 1991 . Appraisal determinant of discrete emotions . Cognition and Emotion , 5 : 161 – 200 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roseman , I. J. , Spindel , M. S. and Jose , P. E. 1990 . Appraisal of emotion-eliciting events: Testing theory of discrete emotions . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 59 : 899 – 915 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sabini , J. and Silver , M. 1997 . Volcan redux . Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour , 27 : 499 – 502 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schachter , S. 1951 . Deviation, rejection, and communication . Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology , 46 : 190 – 207 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scheff , T. J. 1988 . Shame and conformity: The deference-emotion system . American Sociological Review , 53 ( 3 ) : 395 – 406 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scheff , T. J. ( 1990 ). Socialization of emotions: Pride and shame as causal agent . In T. D. Kemper Research agendas in the sociology of emotions ( SUNY Series in Sociology of Emotions , pp. 281 – 304 ). Albany, NY : SUNY Press .
   Google Scholar
• Scherer , K. R. 1982 . Emotion as process: Function, origin and regulation . Social Science Information , 21 : 555 – 570 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scherer , K. R. 1984 . “ On the nature and function of emotion: A component process approach ” . In Approaches to emotion , Edited by: Scherer , K. R. and Ekman , P. 293 – 317 . Hillsdale, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc .
   Google Scholar
• Scherer , K. R. 1988 . “ Criteria for emotion-antecedent appraisal: A review ” . In Cognitive perspectives on emotion and motivation , Edited by: Hamilton , V. , Bower , G. H. and Frijda , N. H. 89 – 126 . Dordrecht, , Netherlands : Nijhoff .
   Google Scholar
• Scherer , K. R. 1999 . “ Appraisal theory ” . In Handbook of cognition and emotion , Edited by: Dalgleish , T. and Power , M. New York : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Scherer , K. R. 2001 . Emotional experience is subject to social and technological change: Extrapolating to the future . Social Science Information , 40 : 125 – 151 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schulman , M. and Mekler , E. 1985 . Bringing up a moral child , New York : Addison-Wesley .
   Google Scholar
• Sherif , M. 1936 . The psychology of social norms , New York : Harper .
   Google Scholar
• Smith , C. A. and Ellsworth , P. C. 1985 . Patterns of cognitive appraisal in emotion . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 48 : 813 – 838 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith , C. A. and Kirby , L. D. 2001 . “ Affect and cognitive appraisal processes ” . In Handbook of affect and social cognition , Edited by: Forgas , J. 75 – 92 . Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc .
   Google Scholar
• Tangney , J. P. 1991 . Moral affect: The good, the bad, and the ugly . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 61 ( 4 ) : 598 – 607 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tangney , J. P. 1994 . “ The mixed legacy of the super-ego: Adaptive and maladaptive aspects of shame and guilt ” . In Empirical perspectives on object relations theory , Edited by: Masling , J. M. and Bornstein , R. F. 1 – 28 . Washington, DC : American Psychological Association .
   Google Scholar
• Tangney , J. P. 1995a . Recent empirical advances in the study of shame and guilt . American Behavioral Scientist , 38 : 1132 – 1145 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tangney , J. P. 1995b . “ Shame and guilt in interpersonal relationships ” . In Self-conscious emotions: Shame, guilt, embarrassment, and pride , Edited by: Tangney , J. P. and Fischer , K. W. 114 – 139 . New York : Guilford Press .
   Google Scholar
• Tangney , J. P. 1999 . “ The self-conscious emotions: Shame, guilt, embarrassment and pride ” . In Handbook of cognition and emotion , Edited by: Dalgleish , T. and Power , M. J. 541 – 567 . New York : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Tangney , J. P. , Miller , R. S. , Flicker , L. and Barlow , D. H. 1995 . Are shame, guilt, and embarrassment distinct emotions? . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 70 ( 6 ) : 1256 – 1269 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tangney , J. P. , Wagner , P. , Fletcher , C. and Gramzow , R. 1992 . Shamed into anger? The relation of shame and guilt to anger and self-reported aggression . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 62 ( 4 ) : 669 – 675 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tangney , J. P. , Wagner , P. E. , Hill-Barlow , D. , Marschall , D. E. and Gramzow , R. 1996 . Relation of shame and guilt to constructive versus destructive responses to anger across the lifespan . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 70 ( 4 ) : 797 – 809 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wicker , F. W. , Payne , G. C. and Morgan , R. D. 1983 . Participant descriptions of guilt and shame . Motivation and Emotion , 7 : 25 – 39 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar