An electromyographic investigation of the impact of task relevance on facial mimicry

References

• Bach , P. and Tipper , S. P. 2007 . Implicit action encoding influences personal-trait judgments . Cognition , 102 ( 2 ) : 151 – 178 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baron-Cohen , S. , Wheelwright , S. , Skinner , R. , Martin , J. and Clubley , E. 2001 . The autism-spectrum quotient (AQ): Evidence from Asperger syndrome/high-functioning autism, males and females, scientists and mathematicians . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders , 31 ( 1 ) : 5 – 17 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bayliss , A. P. , Frischen , A. , Fenske , M. J. and Tipper , S. P. 2007 . Affective evaluations of objects are influenced by observed gaze direction and emotional expression . Cognition , 104 : 644 – 653 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bishop , S. J. , Jenkins , R. and Lawrence , A. D. 2007 . Neural processing of fearful faces: Effects of anxiety are gated by perceptual capacity limitations . Cerebral Cortex , 17 ( 7 ) : 1595 – 1603 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cannon , P. R. , Hayes , A. E. , & Tipper , S. P. 2008 . Sensorimotor fluency influences affect: Evidence from electromyography . Manuscript submitted for publication .
   Google Scholar
• Chartrand , T. L. and Bargh , J. A. 1999 . The chameleon effect: The perception–behavior link and social interaction . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 76 : 893 – 910 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Decety , J. and Chaminade , T. 2003 . When the self represents the other: A new cognitive neuroscience view on psychological identification . Consciousness and Cognition , 12 ( 4 ) : 577 – 596 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dimberg , U. and Thunberg , M. 1998 . Rapid facial reactions to emotional facial expressions . Scandinavian Journal of Psychology , 39 ( 1 ) : 39 – 45 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dimberg , U. , Thunberg , M. and Elmehed , K. 2000 . Unconscious facial reactions to emotional facial expressions . Psychological Science , 11 ( 1 ) : 86 – 89 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dimberg , U. , Thunberg , M. and Grunedal , S. 2002 . Facial reactions to emotional stimuli: Automatically controlled emotional responses . Cognition and Emotion , 16 ( 4 ) : 449 – 471 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feldman-Barrett , L. , Niedenthal , P. M. and Winkielman , P. 2005 . Emotion and consciousness , New York : Guilford Press .
   Google Scholar
• Fridlund , A. J. and Cacioppo , J. T. 1986 . Guidelines for human electromyographic research . Psychophysiology , 23 ( 5 ) : 567 – 589 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gallese , V. 2003 . The manifold nature of interpersonal relations: The quest for a common mechanism . Philosophical Transcripts of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences , 358 : 517 – 528 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hatfield , E. , Cacioppo , J. T. and Rapson , R. L. 1994 . Emotional contagion , New York : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Hermans , E. J. , Putman , P. and van Honk , J. 2006 . Testosterone administration reduces empathetic behavior: A facial mimicry study . Psychoneuroendocrinology , 31 ( 7 ) : 859 – 866 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hess , U. , Philippot , P. and Blairy , S. 1998 . Facial reactions to emotional facial expressions: Affect or cognition? . Cognition and Emotion , 12 ( 4 ) : 509 – 531 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heyes , C. 2001 . Causes and consequences of imitation . Trends in Cognitive Sciences , 5 ( 6 ) : 253 – 261 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niedenthal , P. M. , Barsalou , L. W. , Winkielman , P. , Krauth-Gruber , S. and Ric , F. 2005 . Embodiment in attitudes, social perception, and emotion . Personality and Social Psychology Review , 9 ( 3 ) : 184 – 211 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niedenthal , P. M. , Brauer , M. , Halberstadt , J. B. and Innes-Ker , A. H. 2001 . When did her smile drop? Facial mimicry and the influences of emotional state on the detection of change in emotional expression . Cognition and Emotion , 15 ( 6 ) : 853 – 864 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pessoa , L. , McKenna , M. , Gutierrez , E. and Ungerleider , L. G. 2002 . Neural processing of emotional faces requires attention . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America , 99 ( 17 ) : 11458 – 11463 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sonnby-Borgstrom , M. 2002 . Automatic mimicry reactions as related to differences in emotional empathy . Scandinavian Journal of Psychology , 43 ( 5 ) : 433 – 443 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strack , F. , Martin , L. L. and Stepper , S. 1988 . Inhibiting and facilitating conditions of the human smile—A nonobtrusive test of the facial feedback hypothesis . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 54 ( 5 ) : 768 – 777 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tipper , S. P. 2001 . Does negative priming reflect inhibitory mechanisms? A review and integration of conflicting views . Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology , 54A : 321 – 343 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Umiltà , M. A. , Kohler , E. , Gallese , V. , Fogassi , L. , Fadiga , L. Keysers , C. 2001 . I know what you are doing: A neurophysiological study . Neuron , 31 ( 1 ) : 155 – 165 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vuilleumier , P. , Armony , J. L. , Driver , J. and Dolan , R. J. 2001 . Effects of attention and emotion on face processing in the human brain: An event-related fMRI study . Neuron , 30 ( 3 ) : 829 – 841 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winkielman , P. and Cacioppo , J. T. 2001 . Mind at ease puts a smile on the face: Psychophysiological evidence that processing facilitation elicits positive affect . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 81 ( 6 ) : 989 – 1000 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winkielman , P. , Halberstadt , J. , Fazendeiro , T. and Catty , S. 2006 . Prototypes are attractive because they are easy on the mind . Psychological Science , 17 ( 9 ) : 799 – 806 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar