Reflections on the “body loop”: Carl Georg Lange's theory of emotion

REFERENCES

• Bard , P. 1934 . On emotional expression after decortication with some remarks on certain theoretical views: Part I . Psychological Review , 41 : 309 – 329 .
   Google Scholar
• Bennett , M. R. 1999 . The early history of the synapse: from Plato to Sherrington . Brain Research Bulletin , 50 : 95 – 118 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Binet , A. 1894 . Discussion sur la nature de l’émotion . Année psychologique , 1 : 436 – 438 .
   Google Scholar
• Cannon , W. B. 1927 . The James–Lange theory of emotions: A critical examination and an alternative theory . The American Journal of Psychology , 39 : 106 – 124 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Damasio , A. R. 1994 . Descartes’ error: Emotion, reason, and the human brain , New York : G. P. Putnam .
   Google Scholar
• Damasio , A. R. 2003 . Looking for Spinoza: Joy, sorrow, and the feeling brain , 1st ed. , Orlando, FL : Harcourt .
   Google Scholar
• Dror , O. E. 1998 . Modernity and the scientific study of emotions, 1880–1950 . Princeton, NJ, USA: [Thesis]. Princeton University .
   Google Scholar
• Dumas , G. 1894 . Les états intellectuels dans la mélancolie , Paris : Alcan .
   Google Scholar
• Dumas , G. 1895 . “ Introduction à Lange, Les émotions. Étude psychophysiologique ” . In Les émotions. Étude psychophysiologique , Edited by: Dumas , G. and Lange , C. G. Paris : Alcan .
   Google Scholar
• Dumas , G. 1900 . La tristesse et la joie , Paris : Alcan .
   Google Scholar
• Ekman , P. , Levenson , R. W. and Friesen , W. V. 1983 . Autonomic nervous system activity distinguishes among emotions . Science , 221 : 1208 – 1210 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ellsworth , P. 1994 . Is a century of fame worth a century of misunderstanding? . Psychological Review , 101 : 222 – 229 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ellsworth , P. and Scherer , K. R. 2003 . “ Appraisal processes in emotion ” . In Handbook of affective sciences , Edited by: Davidson , R. J. , Scherer , K. R. and Goldsmith , H. H. 572 – 595 . New York : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• François-Franck , C.-E. 1904 . Cours du Collège de France de 1880 à 1904 et travaux du laboratoire de 1875 à 1904 , Paris : Octave Doin .
   Google Scholar
• Fritsche , G. and Hitzig , E. 1870 . ber die elektrische Erregbarkeit des Grosshirns. Archiv für Anatomie . Physiologie und wissenschaftliche Medizin , 37 : 300 – 332 .
   Google Scholar
• Hauptmann , G. J. R. 1901 . Die Weber. Schauspiel aus den vierziger Jahren ( 25. Aufl. ). Berlin, , Germany : S. Fischer .
   Google Scholar
• James , W. 1884 . What is an emotion? . Mind , 9 : 188 – 205 .
   Google Scholar
• Jänig , W. 2006 . The integrative action of the autonomic nervous system: Neurobiology of homeostasis , Cambridge, , UK : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Kant , I. , & von Kirchmann , J. H. 1880 . Immanuel Kant's Anthropologie in pragmatischer Hinsicht ( 3. Aufl. ). Leipzig, , Germany : Erich Koschny .
   Google Scholar
• Kraepelin , E. 1913 . Psychiatrie , Leipzig, , Germany : Barth .
   Google Scholar
• Lang , P. J. , Bradley , M. M. and Cuthbert , B. N. 1990 . Emotion, attention, and the startle reflex . Psychological Review , 97 : 377 – 395 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lange , C. G. 1885 . Om Sindsbevägelser , Copenhagen, Denmark .
   Google Scholar
• Lange , C. G. 1887 . Über Gemüthsbewegungen. Eine psycho-physiologische Studie ( D. H. Kurella, Trans. ). Leipzig, , Germany : Theodor Thomas .
   Google Scholar
• Lange , C. G. 1895 . Les émotions. Étude psychophysiologique ( G. Dumas, Trans. ). Paris : Alcan .
   Google Scholar
• Lange , C. G. 1922 . The emotions ( W. James & I. A. Haupt, Trans. ). Baltimore : Williams & Wilkins .
   Google Scholar
• LeDoux , J. E. 1994 . Emotion, memory and the brain . Scientific American , 270 : 50 – 57 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LeDoux , J. E. , Thompson , M. E. and Iadecola , C. 1983 . Local cerebral blood flow increases during auditory and emotional processing in the conscious rat . Science , 221 : 576 – 578 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ludwig , C. 1858 . Lehrbuch der Physiologie des Menschen , Leipzig, , Germany : C. F. Wintersche Verlagshandlung . (2. neu bearb. Aufl.).
   Google Scholar
• MacLean , P. D. 1949 . Psychosomatic disease and the “visceral brain”; recent developments bearing on the Papez theory of emotion . Psychosomatic Medicine , 11 : 338 – 353 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacLean , P. D. 1952 . Some psychiatric implications of physiological studies on frontotemporal portion of limbic system (visceral brain) . Electroencephalography & Clinical Neurophysiology , 4 : 407 – 418 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• MacLean , P. D. 1955 . The limbic system (“visceral brain”) and emotional behavior . Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry , 73 : 130 – 134 .
   Google Scholar
• Malebranche , N. 1880 . De la recherche de la vérité Nouv. éd. ed . Paris : Garnier frères .
   Google Scholar
• Marey , E.-J. 1863 . Physiologie médicale de la circulation du sang, basée sur l’ étude graphique des mouvements du coeur et du pouls artériel avec application aux maladies de l’ appareil circulatoire , Paris : Delahaye .
   Google Scholar
• Mosso , A. 1879 . Die Diagnostik des Pulses in Bezug auf die localen Veränderungen desselben , Leipzig, , Germany : Veit .
   Google Scholar
• Mosso , A. 1880 . Sulla circolazione del sangue nel cervello dell’ uomo. Ricerche sfigmografiche , Roma : Salviucci .
   Google Scholar
• Papez , J. W. 1937 . A proposed mechanism of emotion . Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry , 38 : 725 – 743 .
   Google Scholar
• Pavlov , I. P. 1927 . Conditioned reflexes: An investigation of the physiological activity of the cerebral cortex (G. V. Anrep, Trans.) , London : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Reymert , M. L. 1950 . Feelings and emotions: The Mooseheart Symposium in co-operation with the University of Chicago , 1st ed. , New York : McGraw-Hill .
   Google Scholar
• Rolls , E. T. 2005 . Emotion explained , Oxford, , UK : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Schachter , S. and Singer , J. 1962 . Cognitive, social, and physiological determinants of emotional state . Psychological Review , 69 : 379 – 399 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sergi , G. 1888 . La psychologie physiologique , Paris : Alcan .
   Google Scholar
• Sherrington , C. S. 1899 . Experiments on the value of vascular and visceral factors for the genesis of emotion . Proceedings of the Royal Society of London , 66 : 390 – 403 .
   Google Scholar
• Smith , R. 1997 . The Norton history of the human sciences , New York : W. W. Norton .
   Google Scholar
• Spiller , G. 1904 . The problem of the emotions . The American Journal of Psychology , 15 : 569 – 580 .
   Google Scholar
• Wassmann , C. 2005 . The science of emotion: Studying emotions in Germany, France, and the US 1860–1920 , Chicago : University of Chicago .
   Google Scholar
• Wassmann , C. 2009 . Physiological optics, cognition and emotion: A novel look at the early work of Wilhelm Wundt . Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences , 64 : 213 – 249 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wundt , W. 1863 . Vorlesungen über die Menschen- und Thierseele , Leipzig, , Germany : L. Voss .
   Google Scholar
• Wundt , W. 1880 . Grundzüge der physiologischen Psychologie (2. Aufl.) , Leipzig, , Germany : W. Engelmann .
   Google Scholar
• Zajonc , R. B. 1980 . Feeling and thinking: Preferences need no inferences . American Psychologist , 35 : 151 – 175 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar