The effect of facial expression and gaze direction on memory for unfamiliar faces

REFERENCES

• Abboud , H. and Sugar , D. 1997 . SuperLab Pro: Experimental Laboratory software , Phoenix , AZ : Cedrus .
   Google Scholar
• Adams , R. B. Jr and Kleck , R. E. 2003 . Perceived gaze direction and the processing of facial displays of emotion . Psychological Science , 14 : 644 – 647 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bayliss , A. P. , Griffiths , D. and Tipper , S. P. 2009 . Predictive gaze cues affect face evaluations: The effect of facial emotion . European Journal of Cognitive Psychology , 21 : 1072 – 1084 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bindemann , M. , Burton , A. M. and Langton , S. R. H. 2008 . How do eye gaze and facial expression interact? . Visual Cognition , 16 : 708 – 733 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bruce , V. and Young , A. J. 1986 . Understanding face recognition . British Journal of Psychology , 77 : 305 – 327 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooper , R. M. and Langton , S. R. H. 2006 . Attentional bias to angry faces using the dot-probe task? It depends when you look for it . Behaviour Research and Therapy , 44 : 1321 – 1329 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D'Argembeau , A. and Van der Linden , M. 2007 . Facial expressions of emotion influence memory for facial identity in an automatic way . Emotion , 7 : 507 – 515 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D'Argembeau , A. , Van der Linden , M. , Comblain , C. and Etienne , A. M. 2003 . The effects of happy and angry expressions on identity and expression memory for unfamiliar faces . Cognition and Emotion , 17 : 609 – 622 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekman , P. 2003 . Emotions revealed , New York , NY : Times Books .
   Google Scholar
• Ekman , P. and Friesen , W. V. 1976 . Pictures of facial affect , Palo Alto , CA : Consulting Psychologists Press .
   Google Scholar
• Ellis , H. D. , Shepherd , J. W. and Davies , G. M. 1979 . Identification of familiar and unfamiliar faces from internal and external features: Some implications for theories of face recognition . Perception , 8 : 431 – 439 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ewbank , M. P. , Jennings , C. , & Calder , A. J. 2009 . Why are you angry with me? Facial expressions of threat influence perceived gaze direction . Journal of Vision 9 , 1 – 7 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fridlund , A. J. 1994 . Human facial expression: An evolutionary view , San Diego , CA : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Ganel , T. , Goshen-Gottstein , Y. and Goodale , M. A. 2005 . Interactions between the processing of gaze direction and facial expression . Vision Research , 45 : 1191 – 1200 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gobbini , I. M. and Haxby , J. V. 2007 . Neural systems for recognition of familiar faces . Neuropsychologia , 45 : 32 – 41 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haxby , J. V. , Hoffman , E. A. and Gobbini , M. I. 2000 . The distributed human neural system for face perception . Trends in Cognitive Sciences , 4 : 223 – 233 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hietanen , J. K. and Leppänen , J. M. 2003 . Does facial expression affect attention orienting by gaze direction cues? . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance , 29 : 1228 – 1243 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horstmann , G. , Borgstedt , K. and Heumann , M. 2006 . Flanker effects with faces may depend on perceptual as well as emotional differences . Emotion , 6 : 28 – 39 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Langton , S. R. H. , Watt , R. J. and Bruce , V. 2000 . Do the eyes have it? Cues to the direction of social attention . Trends in Cognitive Sciences , 4 : 50 – 59 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lobmaier , J. S. , Tiddeman , B. P. and Perrett , D. I. 2008 . Emotional expression modulates perceived gaze direction . Emotion , 8 : 573 – 577 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mason , M. F. , Hood , B. M. and Macrae , C. N. 2004 . Look into my eyes: Gaze direction and person memory . Memory , 12 : 637 – 643 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKelvie , S. J. 1976 . The role of eyes and mouth in the memory of a face . American Journal of Psychology , 89 : 311 – 323 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ogawa , T. , Oda , M. , Yoshikawa , S. and Akamatsu , S. 1997 . Evaluation of facial expressions differing in face angles—Constructing a database of facial expressions [In Japanese with English abstract] . Technical Report of Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers (IEICE), HIP , 97 ( 136 ) : 47 – 52 .
   Google Scholar
• Perrett , D. I. and Emery , N. J. 1994 . Understanding the intentions of others from visual signals: Neuropsychological evidence . Cahiers de Psychologie Cognitive , 13 : 683 – 694 .
   Google Scholar
• Sato , W. , Yoshikawa , S. , Kochiyama , T. and Matsumura , M. 2004 . The amygdala processes the emotional significance of facial expressions: An fMRI investigation using the interaction between expression and face direction . NeuroImage , 22 : 1006 – 1013 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vuilleumier , P. , George , N. , Lister , V. , Armony , J. and Driver , J. 2005 . Effects of perceived mutual gaze and gender on face processing and recognition memory . Visual Cognition , 12 : 85 – 101 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar