Coping with the 10th anniversary of 9/11: Muslim Americans' sadness, fear, and anger

REFERENCES

• Abu-Raija , H. , Pargament , K. I. , & Mahoney , A. 2011 . Examining coping methods with stressful interpersonal events experienced by Muslims living in the United States following the 9/11 attacks . Psychology of Religion and Spirituality , 3 , 1 – 14 . doi: 10.1037/a0020034
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abu-Raija , H. , Pargament , K. I. , Mahoney , A. and Stein , C. 2008 . A psychological measure of Islamic religiousness: Development and evidence for reliability and validity . The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion , 18 : 291 – 315 . doi: 10.1080/10508610802229270
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Averill , J. R. 1983 . Studies on anger and aggression: Implications for theories of emotion . American Psychologist , 38 : 1145 – 1160 . doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.38.11.1145
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonnano , G. A. , Goorin , L. and Coifman , K. G. 2008 . “ Sadness and grief ” . In Handbook of emotions , 3rd ed., , Edited by: Lewis , M. , Haviland-Jones , J. M. and Feldman Barrett , L. 797 – 810 . New York , NY : Guilford Press .
   Google Scholar
• Cainkar , L. 2006 . Homeland insecurity. The Arab American and Muslim American experience after 9/11 , New York , NY : Russell Sage Foundation .
   Google Scholar
• Cohen , J. 1988 . Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences , 2nd ed. , Hillsdale , NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc .
   Google Scholar
• Cook , R. D. and Weisberg , S. 1982 . Residuals and influence in regression , New York , NY : Chapman & Hall .
   Google Scholar
• Dijker , A. , van Alphen , L. , Bos , A. , van den Borne , B. and Curfs , L. 2011 . Social integration of people with intellectual disability: Insights from a social psychological research program . Journal of Intellectual Disability Research , 55 : 885 – 894 . doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2011.01446.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fischer , A. H. and Manstead , A. S. R. 2008 . “ Social functions of emotion ” . In Handbook of emotions , 3rd ed., , Edited by: Lewis , M. , Haviland-Jones , J. M. and Feldman Barrett , L. 456 – 470 . New York , NY : Guilford Press .
   Google Scholar
• Frijda , N. 1986 . The emotions , Cambridge , , UK : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Gallup Research Center . 2011 . Muslim Americans: A national portrait. An in-depth analysis of America's most diverse religious community . Washington , DC : Gallup Press .
   Google Scholar
• Hatzenbuehler , M. L. , Nolen-Hoeksema , S. and Dovidio , J. 2009 . How does stigma “get under the skin”? The mediating role of emotion regulation . Psychological Science , 20 : 1282 – 1289 . doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02441.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iyer , A. , & Leach , C. W. 2008 . Emotion in inter-group relations . In W. Stroebe & M. Hewstone (Eds.), European review of social psychology (Vol. 19 , pp. 86 – 125 ). Hove , , UK : Psychology Press .
   Google Scholar
• Kaiser , C. R. and Major , B. 2004 . “ Judgments of deserving and the emotional consequences of stigmatization ” . In The social life of emotions , Edited by: Tiedens , L. and Leach , C. W. 270 – 291 . Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Kaiser , C. R. , Major , B. and McCoy , S. K. 2004 . Expectations about the future and the emotional consequences of perceiving prejudice . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 30 : 173 – 184 . doi: 10.1177/0146167203259927
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaplan , J. 2007 . Islamophobia in American?: September 11 and Islamophobic hate crime . Terrorism and political violence , 18 : 1 – 33 . doi: 10.1080/09546550500383209
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lazarus , R. 1991 . Emotion and adaptation , Oxford , , UK : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Leach , C. W. , Rodriguez Mosquera , P. M. , Vliek , M. L. W. and Hirt , E. 2010 . Group devaluation and group identification . Journal of Social Issues , 66 ( 3 ) : 535 – 552 . doi: 10.1111/j.1540-4560.2010.01661.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Major , B. and Gramzow , R. H. 1999 . Abortion as stigma: Cognitive and emotional implications of concealment . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 77 : 735 – 745 . doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.77.4.735
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCoy , S. K. and Major , B. 2003 . Group identification moderates emotional responses to perceived prejudice . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 29 : 1005 – 1017 . doi: 10.1177/0146167203253466
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Öhman , A. 2008 . “ Fear and anxiety: Overlaps and dissociations ” . In Handbook of emotions , 3rd ed., , Edited by: Lewis , M. , Haviland-Jones , J. M. and Feldman Barrett , L. 709 – 729 . New York , NY : Guilford Press .
   Google Scholar
• Park , J. , Felix , K. and Lee , G. 2007 . Implicit attitudes toward Arab-Muslims and the moderating effects of social information . Basic and Applied Social Psychology , 29 : 35 – 45 . doi: 10.1080/01973530701330942
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parkinson , B. , Fischer , A. H. and Manstead , A. S. R. 2005 . Emotion in social relations. Cultural, group, and interpersonal processes , New York , NY : Psychology Press .
   Google Scholar
• Pew Research Center . 2010 . Koran and cultural center put Islam in the news . ( Retrieved from: http://www.journalism.org/node/22050 )
   Google Scholar
• Preacher , K. J. and Hayes , A. F. 2004 . SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments . Computers , 36 : 717 – 731 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodriguez Mosquera , P. M. , Fischer , A. H. , Manstead , A. S. R. and Zaalberg , R. 2008 . Attack, disapproval, or withdrawal? The role of honor in anger and shame responses to being insulted . Cognition and Emotion , 22 ( 8 ) : 1471 – 1498 . doi: 10.1080/02699930701822272
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rowatt , W. C. , Lewis , F. M. and Cotton , M. 2005 . Patterns and personality correlates of implicit and explicit attitudes toward Christians and Muslims . Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion , 44 : 29 – 43 . doi: 10.1111/j.1468-5906.2005.00263.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skitka , L. J. , Bauman , C. W. and Mullen , E. 2004 . Political tolerance and coming to psychological closure following the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks: An integrative approach . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 30 : 743 – 756 . doi: 10.1177/0146167204263968
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sonnemans , J. and Frijda , N. H. 1995 . The determinants of subjective emotional intensity . Cognition and Emotion , 9 : 483 – 506 . doi: 10.1080/02699939508408977
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sundin , E. C. and Horowitz , M. J. 2003 . Horowitz's impact of event scale evaluation of 20 years of use . Psychosomatic Medicine , 65 : 870 – 876 . doi: 10.1097/01.PSY.0000084835.46074.F0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Zomeren , M. , Spears , R. , Fischer , A. and Leach , C. W. 2004 . Put your money where your mouth is! Explaining collective action tendencies through group-based anger and group efficacy . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 87 ( 5 ) : 649 – 664 . doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.87.5.649
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wike , R. and Grim , B. J. 2010 . Western views toward Muslims: Evidence from a 2006 cross national survey . International Journal of Public Opinion Research , 22 : 4 – 25 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar