Spatial affect learning restricted in major depression relative to anxiety disorders and healthy controls

REFERENCES

• Asthana, H. S., Mandal, M. K., Hitesh, K., & Haque-Nizamie, S. (1998). Visuospatial and affect recognition deficit in depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 48, 57–62. doi:10.1016/S0165-0327(97)00140-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beck, A. T., Epstein, N., Brown, G., & Steer, R. A. (1988). An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: Psychometric properties. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56, 893–897. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.56.6.893
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A., & Brown, G. K. (1996). Manual for the BDI-II. San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation.
   Google Scholar
• Bylsma, L. M., Morris, B. H., & Rottenberg, J. (2008). A meta-analysis of emotional reactivity in major depressive disorder. Clinical Psychology Review, 28, 676–691.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Casasanto, D., & Dijkstra, K. (2010). Motor action and emotional memory. Cognition, 115(1), 179–185. doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2009.11.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crawford, L. E., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2002). Learning where to look for danger: Integrating affective and spatial information. Psychological Science, 13, 449–453. doi:10.1111/1467-9280.00479
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crawford, L. E., Margolies, S. M., Drake, J. T., & Murphy, M. E. (2006). Affect biases memory of location: Evidence for the spatial representation of affect. Cognition and Emotion, 20, 1153–1169. doi:10.1080/02699930500347794
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Cesari, A., & Codispoti, M. (2006). When does size not matter? Effects of stimulus size on affective modulation. Psychophysiology, 43, 207–215. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2006.00392.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dijksterhuis, A., & Aarts, H. (2003). On wildebeests and humans: The preferential detection of negative stimuli. Psychological Science, 14, 14–18. doi:10.1111/1467-9280.t01-1-01412
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eysenck, M., Payne, S., & Derakshan, N. (2010). Trait anxiety, visuospatial processing, and working memory. Cognition & Emotion, 19, 1214–1228. doi:10.1080/02699930500260245
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• First, M. B., Spitzer, R. L., Gibbon, M., & Williams, J. B. (1995). Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I/P, version 2). New York, NY: Biometrics Research Department, New York State Psychiatric Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Gasper, K., & Clore, G. L. (2002). Attending to the big picture: Mood and global versus local processing of visual information. Psychological Science, 13, 34–40. doi:10.1111/1467-9280.00406
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gollan, J. K., Pane, H., McCloskey, M., & Coccaro, E. F. (2008). Identifying differences in biased affective information processing in major depression. Psychiatric Research, 159, 18–24. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2007.06.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamilton, M. (1967). Development of a rating scale for primary depressive illness. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 6, 278–296. doi:10.1111/j.2044-8260.1967.tb00530.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamilton, M. (1969). Diagnosis and rating of anxiety. British Journal of Psychiatry, 3, 76–79.
   Google Scholar
• Huttenlocher, J., Hedges, L. V., Corrigan, B., & Crawford, L. E. (2004). Spatial categories and the estimation of location. Cognition, 93, 75–97. doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2003.10.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lang, P. J., Bradley, M. M., & Cuthbert, B. N. (1999). International Affective Picture System (IAPS): Instruction manual and affective ratings ( Tech. Rep. No. A-4). Gainesville, FL: The Center for Research in Psychophysiology, University of Florida.
   Google Scholar
• Lang, P. J., Bradley, M. M., & Cuthbert, B. N. (2005). International Affective Picture System (IAPS): Digitized photographs, instruction manual and affective ratings ( Technical Report A:6). Gainesville, FL: University of Florida.
   Google Scholar
• Lang, P. J., Greenwald, M. K., Bradley, M. M., & Hamm, A. O. (1993). Looking at pictures: Affective, facial, visceral, and behavioral reactions. Psychophysiology, 30, 261–273. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1993.tb03352.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meier, B. P., & Robinson, M. D. (2004). Why the sunny side is up: Association between affect and vertical position. Psychological Science, 15(4), 243–247. doi:10.1111/j.0956-7976.2004.00659.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meier, B. P., & Robinson, M. D. (2006). Does “feeling down” mean seeing down? Depressive symptoms and vertical selective attention. Journal of Research in Personality, 40, 451–461. doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2005.03.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norris, C. J., Larsen, J. T., Crawford, L. E., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2011). Better (or worse) for some than others: Individual differences in the positivity offset and negativity bias. Journal of Research in Personality, 45, 100–111. doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2010.12.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park, J., & Mahzarin, R. (2000). Mood and heuristics: The influence of happy and sad states on sensitivity and bias in stereotyping. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78, 1005–1023. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.78.6.1005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pfohl, B., Blum, N., & Zimmerman, M. (1995). Structured Interview for DSM-IV Personality (SIDP-IV). Iowa City, IA: University of Iowa, Department of Psychiatry.
   Google Scholar
• Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2001). Using multivariate analysis. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
   Google Scholar