The automatic activation of emotion words measured using the emotional face-word Stroop task in late Chinese–English bilinguals

References

• Algom, D., Chajut, E., & Lev, S. (2004). A rational look at the emotional Stroop phenomenon: A generic slowdown, not a Stroop effect. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 133, 323–338. doi: 10.1037/0096-3445.133.3.323
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Altarriba, J. (2003). Does carino equal “liking”? A theoretical approach to conceptual nonequivalenc between languages. International Journal of Bilingualism, 7, 305–322. doi: 10.1177/13670069030070030501
   Google Scholar
• Altarriba, J. (2008). Expressions of emotion as mediated by context. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 11, 165–167. doi: 10.1017/S1366728908003295
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anes, M. D., & Kruer, J. L. (2004). Investigating hemispheric specialization in a novel face-word Stroop task. Brain and Language, 89, 136–141. doi: 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00311-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anooshian, L. J., & Hertel, P. T. (1994). Emotionality in free recall: Language specificity in bilingual memory. Cognition and Emotion, 8, 503–514. doi: 10.1080/02699939408408956
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baggott, S., Palermo, R., & Fox, A. M. (2011). Processing emotional category congruency between emotional facial expressions and emotional words. Cognition and Emotion, 25, 369–379. doi: 10.1080/02699931.2010.488945
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brosch, T., Pourtois, G., & Sander, D. (2010). The perception and categorisation of emotional stimuli: A review. Cognition and Emotion, 24, 377–400. doi: 10.1080/02699930902975754
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buhle, J., Wager, T., & Smith, E. E. (2010). In using the Stroop task to study emotion regulation. In R. Hassin, K. Ochsner, & Y. Trope (Eds.), Self control in society, mind, and brain (pp. 93–113). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Caldwell-Harris, C. L. (2014). Emotionality differences between a native and foreign language: Implications for context-dependence and embodiment. Frontiers in Psychology, 5, 250–253. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01055
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chechko, N., Augustin, M., Zvyagintsev, M., Schneider, F., Habel, U., & Kellermann, T. (2013). Brain circuitries involved in emotional interference task in major depression disorder. Journal of Affective Disorders, 149, 136–145. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2013.01.013
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, P. Y., Lin, J., Chen, B., Lu, C. M., & Guo, T. M. (2015). Processing emotional words in two languages with one brain: ERP and fMRI evidence from Chinese–English bilinguals. Cortex, 71, 34–48. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2015.06.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conrad, M., Recio, G., & Jacobs, A. M. (2011). The time course of emotion effects in first and second language processing: A cross cultural ERP study with German-Spanish bilinguals. Frontiers in Psychology, 2, 1–16. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00351
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dewaele, J. M. (2004). The emotional force of swearwords and taboo words in the speech of multilinguals. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 25, 204–222. doi: 10.1080/01434630408666529
   Google Scholar
• Dudschig, C., de la Vega, I., & Kaup, B. (2014). Embodiment and second-language: Automatic activation of motor responses during processing spatially associated L2 words and emotion L2 words in a vertical Stroop paradigm. Brain and Language, 132, 14–21. doi: 10.1016/j.bandl.2014.02.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Egner, T., Etkin, A., Gale, S., & Hirsch, J. (2008). Dissociable neural systems resolve conflict from emotional versus nonemotional distracters. Cerebral Cortex, 18, 1475–1484. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhm179
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eilola, T. M., & Havelka, J. (2011). Behavioural and physiological responses to the emotional and taboo Stroop tasks in native and non-native speakers of English. International Journal of Bilingualism, 15, 353–369. doi: 10.1177/1367006910379263
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eilola, T. M., Havelka, J., & Sharma, D. (2007). Emotional activation in the first and second language. Cognition and Emotion, 21, 1064–1076. doi: 10.1080/02699930601054109
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Etkin, A., Egner, T., Peraza, D. M., Kandel, E. R., & Hirsch, J. (2006). Resolving emotional conflict: A role for the rostral anterior cingulate cortex in modulating activity in the amygdala. Neuron, 51, 871–882. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2006.07.029
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fan, L., Xu, Q., Wang, X. X., Zhang, F., Yang, Y. P., & Liu, X. P. (2016). Neural correlates of task-irrelevant first and second language emotion words: Evidence from the emotional face-word Stroop task. Frontier in Psychology, 7, 1–13.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gong, X., Huang, Y. X., Wang, Y., & Luo, Y. J. (2011). Revision of the Chinese facial affective picture system. Chinese Mental Health Journal, 25, 40–46.
   Google Scholar
• Grabovac, B., & Pléh, C. (2014). Emotional activation measured using the emotional Stroop task in early Hungarian-Serbian bilinguals from Serbia. Acta Linguistica Hungarica, 61, 423–441. doi: 10.1556/ALing.61.2014.4.3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haas, B. W., Omura, K., Constable, R. T., & Canli, T. (2006). Interference produced by emotional conflict associated with anterior cingulate activation. Cognitive, Affective, and Behavioral Neuroscience, 6, 152–156. doi: 10.3758/CABN.6.2.152
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris, C. L. (2004). Bilingual speakers in the lab: Psychophysiological measures of emotional reactivity. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 25, 223–247. doi: 10.1080/01434630408666530
   Google Scholar
• Harris, C. L., Ayçiçegi, A., & Gleason, J. B. (2003). Taboo words and reprimands elicit greater autonomic reactivity in a first language than in a second language. Applied Psycholinguistics, 24, 561–578. doi: 10.1017/S0142716403000286
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris, C. L., Gleason, J. B., & Ayçiçegi, A. (2006). When is a first language more emotional? Psychophysiological evidence from bilingual speakers. In A. Pavlenko (Ed.), Bilingual minds: Emotional experience, expression, and representation (pp. 257–283). Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
   Google Scholar
• Hoosain, R., & Osgood, C. E. (1983). Processing times for English and Chinese words. Perception and Psychophysics, 34, 573–577. doi: 10.3758/BF03205913
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kissler, J., Herbert, C., Winkler, I., & Junghofer, M. (2009). Emotion and attention in visual word processing – an ERP study. Biological Psychology, 80, 75–83. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2008.03.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kroll, J. F., & Stewart, E. (1994). Category interference in translation and picture naming: Evidence for asymmetric connections between bilingual memory representations. Journal of Memory and Language, 33, 149–174. doi: 10.1006/jmla.1994.1008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuchinke, L., Jacobs, A. M., Grubich, C., Võ, M. L.-H., Conrad, M., & Herrmann, M. (2005). Incidental effects of emotional valence in single word processing: An fMRI study. NeuroImage, 28, 1022–1032. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.06.050
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, Y., Liang, N. Y., Wang, D. J., Zhang, S. Y., Yang, T. Y., Jie, C. Y., & Sun, W. (1990). A dictionary of the frequency of commonly used modern Chinese words (alphabetical sequence section). Beijing: Astronautic Publishing House.
   Google Scholar
• Marian, V., Blumenfeld, H. K., & Kaushanskaya, M. (2007). The Language Experience and Proficiency Questionnaire (LEAP-Q): Assessing language profiles in bilinguals and multilinguals. Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research, 50, 940–967. doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2007/067)
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marian, V., & Kaushanskaya, M. (2004). Self-construal and emotion in bicultural bilinguals. Journal of Memory and Language, 51, 190–201. doi: 10.1016/j.jml.2004.04.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ong, E., Hussain, S., Chow, Y., & Thompson, C. (2017, March). Variations in bilingual processing of positive and negative information. Presentation presented at the 6th annual international conference on cognitive and behavioral psychology, Singapore.
   Google Scholar
• Park, I. H., Park, H. J., Chun, J. W., Kim, E. Y., & Kim, J. J. (2008). Dysfunctional modulation of emotional interference in the medial prefrontal cortex in patients with schizophrenia. Neuroscience Letters, 440, 119–124. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2008.05.094
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pavlenko, A. (2012). Affective processing in bilingual speakers: Disembodied cognition? International Journal of Psychology, 47, 405–428. doi: 10.1080/00207594.2012.743665
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rubin, D. C., & Friendly, M. (1986). Predicting which words get recalled: Measures of free recall, availability, goodness, emotionality, and pronunciability for 925 nouns. Memory and Cognition, 14, 79–94. doi: 10.3758/BF03209231
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruthruff, E., Allen, P. A., Lien, M. C., & Grabbe, J. (2008). Visual word recognition without central attention: Evidence for greater automaticity with greater reading ability. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 15, 337–343. doi: 10.3758/PBR.15.2.337
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shen, Y. M., Xue, S., Wang, K. C., & Qiu, J. (2013). Neural time course of emotional conflict control: An ERP study. Neuroscience Letters, 541, 34–38. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2013.02.032
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stenberg, G., Wiking, S., & Dahl, M. (1998). Judging words at face value: Interference in a word processing task reveals automatic processing of affective facial expressions. Cognition and Emotion, 12, 755–782. doi: 10.1080/026999398379420
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stroop, J. R. (1935). Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 18, 643–662. doi: 10.1037/h0054651
   Google Scholar
• Sutton, T., Altarriba, J., Gianico, J., & Basnight-Brown, D. (2007). The automatic access of emotion: Emotional Stroop effects in Spanish–English bilingual speakers. Cognition and Emotion, 21, 1077–1090. doi: 10.1080/02699930601054133
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tzelgov, J., Henik, A., & Leiser, D. (1990). Controlling Stroop interference: Evidence from a bilingual task. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 16, 760–771.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Võ, M. L.-H., Jacobs, A. M., Kuchinke, L., Hofmann, M. J., Concrad, M., Schacht, A., & Hutzler, F. (2008). The coupling of emotion and cognition in the eye: Introducing the pupil old/new effect. Psychophysiology, 45, 130–140. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2008.00745.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winskel, H. (2013). The emotional Stroop task and emotionality rating of negative and neutral words in late Thai–English bilinguals. International Journal of Psychology, 48, 1090–1098. doi: 10.1080/00207594.2013.793800
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xue, S., Ren, G., Kong, X., Liu, J., & Qiu, J. (2015). Electrophysiological correlates related to the conflict adaptation effect in an emotional conflict task. Neuroscience Letters, 584, 219–223. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2014.10.019
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu, X. R., Zhang, H. J., Wu, T. T., Luo, W. B., & Luo, Y. J. (2010). Emotional conflict occurs at an early stage: Evidence from the emotional face-word Stroop task. Neuroscience Letters, 478, 1–4. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2010.04.036
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar