Flowers and spiders in spatial stimulus-response compatibility: does affective valence influence selection of task-sets or selection of responses?

References

• Anooshian, L. J., & Hertel, P. T. (1994). Emotionality in free recall: Language specificity in bilingual memory. Cognition and Emotion, 8, 503–514. doi: 10.1080/02699939408408956
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ayçiçeǧi, A., & Harris, C. L. (2004). Brief report bilinguals’ recall and recognition of emotion words. Cognition and Emotion, 18, 977–987. doi: 10.1080/02699930341000301
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Botvinick, M., Cohen, J. D., & Carter, C. S. (2004). Conflict monitoring and anterior cingulate cortex: An update. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 8, 539–546. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2004.10.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Botvinick, M. M. (2007). Conflict monitoring and decision making: Reconciling two perspectives on anterior cingulate function. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 7, 356–366. doi: 10.3758/CABN.7.4.356
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braver, T. (2010). The variable nature of cognitive control: A dual mechanisms framework. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 16, 106–113. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2011.12.010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buetti, S., Juan, E., Rinck, M., & Kerzel, D. (2012). Affective states leak into movement execution: Automatic avoidance of threatening stimuli in fear of spider is visible in reach trajectories. Cognition and Emotion, 26, 1176–1188. doi: 10.1080/02699931.2011.640662
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cavallet, M., Chaim-Avancini, T. M., Biazoli, C. E., Bazán, P. R., de Silva, M. A., Cunha, P. J., … Gawryszewski, L. G. (2016). Influence of emotional stimulus valence on inhibitory control in adults with and without ADHD. Experimental Brain Research, 234, 3213–3223. doi: 10.1007/s00221-016-4719-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, M., & Bargh, J. A. (1999). Consequences of automatic evaluation: Immediate behavioral predispositions to approach or avoid the stimulus. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 25, 215–224. doi: 10.1177/0146167299025002007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conde, E. Q., Cavallet, M., Torro-Alves, N., Matsushima, E. H., Fraga-Filho, R. S., Jazenko, F., … Gawryszewski, L. G. (2014). Effects of affective valence on a mixed spatial correspondence task: A reply to Proctor (2013). Psychology & Neuroscience, 7, 83–90. doi: 10.3922/j.psns.2014.021
   Google Scholar
• Conde, E. F. Q., Jazenko, F., Fraga Filho, R. S., da Costa, D. H., Torro-Alves, N., Cavallet, M., & Gawryszewski, L. G. (2011). Stimulus affective valence reverses spatial compatibility effect. Psychology & Neuroscience, 4, 81–87. doi: 10.3922/j.psns.2011.1.010
   Google Scholar
• De Houwer, J., Crombez, G., Baeyens, F., & Hermans, D. (2001). On the generality of the affective Simon effect. Cognition and Emotion, 15, 189–206. doi: 10.1080/02699930125883
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eder, A. B., & Rothermund, K. (2008). When do motor behaviors (mis)match affective stimuli? An evaluative coding view of approach and avoidance reactions. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 137, 262–281. doi: 10.1037/0096-3445.137.2.262
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fitts, P. M., & Seeger, C. M. (1953). S-R compatibility: Spatial characteristics of stimulus and response codes. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 46, 199–210. doi: 10.1037/h0062827
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fritz, J., & Dreisbach, G. (2013). Conflicts as aversive signals: Conflict priming increases negative judgments for neutral stimuli. Cognitive, Affective, and Behavioral Neuroscience, 13, 311–317. doi: 10.3758/s13415-012-0147-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenwald, A. G., McGhee, D. E., & Schwartz, J. L. K. (1998). Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: The implicit association test. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 1464–1480. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.74.6.1464
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guiard, Y. (1983). The lateral coding of rotations: A study of the Simon effect with wheel-rotation responses. Journal of Motor Behavior, 15, 331–342. doi: 10.1080/00222895.1983.10735303
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hansen, C. H., & Hansen, R. D. (1988). Finding the face in the crowd: An anger superiority effect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 917–924. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.917
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hick, W. E. (1952). On the rate of gain of information. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 4, 11–26. doi: 10.1080/17470215208416600
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kleinsorge, T., & Heuer, H. (1999). Hierarchical switching in a multi-dimensional task space. Psychological Research, 62, 300–312. doi: 10.1007/s004260050060
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krieglmeyer, R., Deutsch, R., De Houwer, J., & De Raedt, R. (2010). Being moved: Valance activates approach-avoidance behaviour independently of evaluation and approach-avoidance intentions. Psychological Science, 21, 607–613. doi: 10.1177/0956797610365131
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kunde, W. (2001). Response-effect compatibility in manual choice reaction tasks. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 27, 387–394. doi: 10.1037/0096-1523.27.2.387
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lavender, T., & Hommel, B. (2007). Affect and action: Towards an event-coding account. Cognition and Emotion, 21, 1270–1296. doi: 10.1080/02699930701438152
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Logan, G. D., & Crump, M. (2011). Hierarchical control of cognitive processes: The case for skilled typewriting. In B. Ross (Ed.), The psychology of learning and motivation (Vol. 54. pp. 1–27). Burlington: Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lu, C.-H., & Proctor, R. W. (1995). The influence of irrelevant location information on performance: A review of the Simon and spatial Stroop effects. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 2, 174–207. doi: 10.3758/BF03210959
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luce, R. D. (1959). Individual choice behavior. New York: Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• MacLeod, C. M. (1991). Half a century of research on the Stroop effect: An integrative review. Psychological Bulletin, 109, 163–203. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.109.2.163
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meiran, N. (1996). Reconfiguration of processing mode prior to task performance. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 22, 1423–1442. doi: 10.1037/0278-7393.22.6.1423
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meissner, F., & Rothermund, K. (2013). Estimating the contributions of associations and recoding in the implicit association test: The ReAL model for the IAT. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 104, 45–69. doi: 10.1037/a0030734
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neumann, R., Hess, M., Schulz, S. M., & Alpers, G. W. (2005). Automatic behavioural responses to valence: Evidence that facial action is facilitated by evaluative processing. Cognition and Emotion, 19, 499–513. doi: 10.1080/02699930512331392562
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norman, D. A., & Shallice, T. (1986). Attention to action: Willed and automatic control of behaviour. In R. J. Davidson, G. E. Schwartz, & D. Shapiro (Eds.), Consciousness and self-regulation (Vol. 4, pp. 1–18). New York: Plenum.
   Google Scholar
• Osgood, C. (1952). The nature and measurement of meaning. Psychological Bulletin, 49, 172–237.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Öhman, A., Flykt, A., & Esteves, F. (2001). Emotion drives attention: Detecting the snake in the grass. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 130, 466–478. doi: 10.1037/0096-3445.130.3.466
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phaf, R. H., Mohr, S. E., Rotteveel, M., & Wicherts, J. M. (2014). Approach, avoidance, and affect: A meta-analysis of approach-avoidance tendencies in manual reaction time tasks. Frontiers in Psychology, 5, 1–16. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00378
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Proctor, R. W., & Cho, Y. (2006). Polarity correspondence: A general principle for performance of speeded binary classification tasks. Psychological Bulletin, 132, 416–442. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.132.3.416
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Proctor, R. W. (2013). Stimulus affect valence may influence mapping-rule selection but does not reverse the spatial compatibility effect: Reinterpretation of Conde et al. (2011). Psychology & Neuroscience, 6, 3–6. doi: 10.3922/j.psns.2013.1.02
   Google Scholar
• Proctor, R. W., Yamaguchi, M., Dutt, V., & Gonzalez, C. (2013). Dissociation of S-R compatibility and simon effects with mixed tasks and mappings. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 39, 593–609. doi: 10.1037/a0029923
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rogers, R. D., & Monsell, S. (1995). Costs of a predictable switch between simple cognitive tasks. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 124, 207–231. doi: 10.1037/0096-3445.124.2.207
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russell, J. A. (2003). Core affect and the psychological construction of emotion. Psychological Review, 110, 145–172. doi: 10.1037/0033-295X.110.1.145
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shaffer, L. H. (1965). Choice reaction with variable S-R mapping. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 70, 284–288. doi: 10.1037/h0022207
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Shaffer, L. H. (1966). Some effects of partial advance information on choice reaction with fixed or variable S-R mapping. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 72, 541–545. doi: 10.1037/h0023749
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Solarz, A. K. (1960). Latency on instrumental responses as a function of compatibility with the meaning of eliciting verbal signs. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 59, 239–245. doi: 10.1037/h0047274
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• van Steenbergen, H., Band, G. P. H., & Hommel, B. (2010). In the mood for adaptation: How affect regulates conflict-driven control. Psychological Science, 21, 1629–1634. doi: 10.1177/0956797610385951
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vu, K.-P. L., & Proctor, R. W. (2004). Mixing compatible and incompatible mappings: Elimination, reduction, and enhancement of spatial compatibility effects. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 57A, 539–556. doi: 10.1080/02724980343000387
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamaguchi, M., & Harwood, S. L. (2017). Threat captures attention but does not affect learning of contextual regularities. Cognition and Emotion, 31, 564–571. doi: 10.1080/02699931.2015.1115752
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamaguchi, M., Logan, G. D., & Li, V. (2013). Multiple bottlenecks in hierarchical control of action sequences: What does “response selection” select in skilled typewriting? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 39, 1059–1084. doi: 10.1037/a0030431
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamaguchi, M., & Proctor, R. W. (2006). Stimulus-response compatibility with pure and mixed mappings in a flight task environment. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 12, 207–222. doi: 10.1037/1076-898X.12.4.207
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, Y., Proctor, R. W., & Wegener, D. T. (2012). Approach–avoidance actions or categorization? A matching account of reference valence effects in affective S–R compatibility. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 48, 609–616. doi: 10.1016/j.jesp.2012.01.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar