Incidental disgust does not cause moral condemnation of neutral actions

References

• Avramova, Y. R., & Inbar, J. (2013). Emotion and moral judgment. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, 4(2), 169–178. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1216
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cameron, C. D., Payne, B. K., & Doris, J. M. (2013). Morality in high definition: Emotion differentiation calibrates the influence of incidental disgust on moral judgments. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 49(4), 719–725. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2013.02.014
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cannon, P. R., Schnall, S., & White, M. (2011). Transgressions and expressions: Affective facial muscle activity predicts moral judgments. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 2(3), 325–331. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550610390525
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chapman, H. A., & Anderson, A. K. (2014). Trait physical disgust is related to moral judgments outside of the purity domain. Emotion, 14(2), 341–348. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0035120
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chapman, H. A., Kim, D. A., Susskind, J. M., & Anderson, A. K. (2009). In bad taste: Evidence for the oral origins of moral disgust. Science, 323(5918), 1222–1226. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1165565
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dasgupta, N., DeSteno, D., Williams, L. A., & Hunsinger, M. (2009). Fanning the flames of prejudice: The influence of specific incidental emotions on implicit prejudice. Emotion, 9(4), 585–591. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0015961
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eskine, K. J., Kacinik, N. A., & Prinz, J. J. (2011). A bad taste in the mouth: Gustatory disgust influences moral judgment. Psychological Science, 22(3), 295–299. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797611398497
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haidt, J. (2001). The emotional dog and its rational tail: A social intuitionist approach to moral judgment. Psychological Review, 108(4), 814–834. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.108.4.814
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haidt, J., & Graham, J. (2007). When morality opposes justice: Conservatives have moral intuitions that liberals may not recognize. Social Justice Research, 20(1), 98–116. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11211-007-0034-z
   Google Scholar
• Haidt, J., & Hersh, M. A. (2001). Sexual morality: The cultures and emotions of conservatives and liberals. Journal of Applied Psychology, 31, 191–221. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2001.tb02489.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haidt, J., Koller, S. H., & Dias, M. G. (1993). Affect, culture and morality, or is it wrong to eat your dog? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65(4), 613–628. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.65.4.613
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haidt, J., McCauley, C., & Rozin, P. (1994). Individual differences in sensitivity to disgust: A scale sampling seven domains of disgust elicitors. Personality and Individual Differences, 16(5), 701–713. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(94)90212-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hewig, J., Hagemann, D., Seifert, J., Gollwitzer, M., Naumann, E., & Bartussek, D. (2005). A revised film set for the induction of basic emotions. Cognition and Emotion, 19(7), 1095–1109. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699930541000084
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horberg, E. J., Oveis, C., Keltner, D., & Cohen, A. B. (2009). Disgust and the moralization of purity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 97(6), 963–976. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0017423
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hutcherson, C. A., & Gross, J. J. (2011). The moral emotions: A social-functionalist account of anger, disgust, and contempt. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100(4), 719–737. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022408
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inbar, Y., Pizarro, D. A., & Bloom, P. (2009a). Conservatives are more easily disgusted than liberals. Cognition and Emotion, 23(4), 714–725. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699930802110007.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inbar, Y., Pizarro, D. A., & Bloom, P. (2011). Disgusting smells cause decreased liking of gay men. Emotion, 12(1), 23–27. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0023984.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inbar, Y., Pizarro, D. A., Knobe, J., & Bloom, P. (2009b). Disgust sensitivity predicts intuitive disapproval of gays. Emotion, 9(3), 435–439. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0015960.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jeffreys, H. (1961). Theory of probability. Clarendon Press.
   Google Scholar
• Jones, A., & Fitness, J. (2008). Moral hypervigilance: The influence of disgust sensitivity in the moral domain. Emotion, 8(5), 613–627. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013435
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kivikangas, M. (2017). Kuntavaalikoneiden (Yle & HS) arvokysymysten vertailua. Retrieved February 18, 2019, from https://jmatiaskivikangas.net/2017/05/05/kuntavaalikoneiden-yle-hs-arvokysymysten-vertailua/
   Google Scholar
• Kohlberg, L. (1981). Essays on moral development, Vol. I: The philosophy of moral development. Harper & Row.
   Google Scholar
• Landy, J. F., & Goodwin, G. P. (2015). Does incidental disgust amplify moral judgment? A meta-analytic review of experimental evidence. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 10(4), 518–536. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691615583128
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lang, P. J., Bradley, M. M., & Cuthbert, B. N. (2008). International affective picture system (IAPS): Affective ratings of pictures and instruction manual. Technical Report A-8. University of Florida.
   Google Scholar
• May, J. (2018). The limits of emotion in moral judgment. In K. Jones & F. Schroeter (Eds.), The many moral rationalisms (pp. 286–306). Oxford UP.
   Google Scholar
• Miller, L. C., Murphy, R., & Buss, A. H. (1981). Consciousness of body: Private and public. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 41(2), 397–406. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.41.2.397
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nichols, S. (2002). Norms with feeling: Towards a psychological account of moral judgment. Cognition, 84(2), 221–236. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-0277(02)00048-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olatunji, B. O., Puncochar, B. D., & Cox, R. (2016). Effects of experienced disgust on morally-relevant judgments. PLoS One, 11, PMC4970715. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0160357.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olatunji, B. O., Williams, N. L., Tolin, D. F., Abramowitz, J. S., Sawchuk, C. N., Lohr, J. M., & Elwood, L. S. (2007). The disgust scale: Item analysis, factor structure, and suggestions for refinement. Psychological Assessment, 19(3), 281–297. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.19.3.281
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piaget, J. (1997). The moral judgement of the child. Free Press.
   Google Scholar
• Pizarro, D., Inbar, Y., & Helion, C. (2011). On disgust and moral judgment. Emotion Review, 3(3), 267–268. https://doi.org/10.1177/1754073911402394
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prinz, J. (2006). The emotional basis of moral judgments. Philosophical Explorations, 9(1), 29–43. https://doi.org/10.1080/13869790500492466
   Google Scholar
• Rottman, J., & Kelemen, D. (2012). Aliens behaving badly: Children’s acquisition of novel purity-based morals. Cognition, 124(3), 356–360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2012.06.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Royzman, E. B., Goodwin, G. P., & Leeman, R. F. (2011). When sentimental rules collide: “Norms with feelings” in the dilemmatic context. Cognition, 121(1), 101–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2011.06.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Royzman, E. B., Leeman, R. F., & Baron, J. (2009). Unsentimental ethics: Towards a content-specific account of the moral–conventional distinction. Cognition, 112(1), 159–174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2009.04.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rozin, P., Lowery, L., Haidt, J., & Imada, S. (1999). The CAD triad hypothesis: A mapping between three moral emotions (contempt, anger, disgust) and three moral codes (community, autonomy, divinity). Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76(4), 574–586. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.76.4.574
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russell, P. S., & Giner-Sorolla, R. (2011). Moral anger, but not moral disgust, responds to intentionality. Emotion, 11(2), 233–240. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022598
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russell, P. S., & Piazza, J. (2015). Consenting to counter-normative sexual acts: Differential effects of consent on anger and disgust as a function of transgressor or consenter. Cognition and Emotion, 29(4), 634–653. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2014.930420
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schnall, S., Haidt, J., Clore, G. L., & Jordan, A. H. (2008). Disgust as embodied moral judgment. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 34(8), 1096–1109. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167208317771
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schnall, S., Haidt, J., Clore, G. L., & Jordan, A. H. (2015). Landy and Goodwin (2015) confirmed most of our findings then drew the wrong conclusions. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 10(4), 537–538. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691615589078
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turiel, E. (1983). The development of social knowledge: Morality and convention. Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Ugazio, G., Lamm, C., & Singer, T. (2012). The role of emotions for moral judgments depends on the type of emotion and moral scenario. Emotion, 12(3), 579–590. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0024611
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wheatley, T., & Haidt, J. (2005). Hypnotic disgust makes moral judgments more severe. Psychological Science, 16(10), 780–784. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2005.01614.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar