References
- Ansari, T. L., & Derakshan, N. (2011a). The neural correlates of impaired inhibitory control in anxiety. Neuropsychologia, 49(5), 1146–1153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.01.019
- Ansari, T. L., & Derakshan, N. (2011b). The neural correlates of cognitive effort in anxiety: Effects on processing efficiency. Biological Psychology, 86(3), 337–348. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsycho.2010.12.013
- Ansari, T. L., Derakshan, N., & Richards, A. (2008). Effects of anxiety on task switching: Evidence from the mixed antisaccade task. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 8(3), 229–238. https://doi.org/10.3758/CABN.8.3.229
- Armstrong, T., & Olatunji, B. O. (2012). Eye tracking of attention in the affective disorders: A meta-analytic review and synthesis. Clinical Psychology Review, 32(8), 704–723. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2012.09.004
- Bar-Haim, Y., Lamy, D., Pergamin, L., Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J., & Van Ijzendoorn, M. H. (2007). Threat-related attentional bias in anxious and nonanxious individuals: A meta-analytic study. Psychological Bulletin, 133(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.1
- Behrens, B., Swetlitz, C., Pine, D. S., & Pagliaccio, D. (2019). The screen for child anxiety related emotional disorders (SCARED): informant discrepancy, measurement invariance, and test–retest Reliability. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 50(3), 473–482. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-018-0854-0
- Berggren, N., Richards, A., Taylor, J., & Derakshan, N. (2013). Affective attention under cognitive load: Reduced emotional biases but emergent anxiety-related costs to inhibitory control. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 7, 188. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00188
- Birmaher, B., Khetarpal, S., Brent, D., Cully, M., Balach, L., Kaufman, J., & Neer, S. M. (1997). The screen for child anxiety related emotional disorders (SCARED): Scale construction and psychometric characteristics. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 36(4), 545–553. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199704000-00018
- Bishop, S. J. (2009). Trait anxiety and impoverished prefrontal control of attention. Nature Neuroscience, 12(1), 92–98. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.2242
- Chechko, N., Wehrle, R., Erhardt, A., Holsboer, F., Czisch, M., & Sämann, P. G. (2009). Unstable prefrontal response to emotional conflict and activation of lower limbic structures and brainstem in remitted panic disorder. PloS one, 4(5), e5537. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0005537
- Comte, M., Cancel, A., Coull, J. T., Schön, D., Reynaud, E., Boukezzi, S., Rousseau, P.-F., Robert, G., Khalfa, S., Guedj, E., Blin, O., Weinberger, D. R., & Fakra, E. (2015). Effect of trait anxiety on prefrontal control mechanisms during emotional conflict. Human Brain Mapping, 36(6), 2207–2214. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.22765
- Cosi, S., Canals, J., Hernández-Martinez, C., & Vigil-Colet, A. (2010). Parent–child agreement in SCARED and its relationship to anxiety symptoms. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 24(1), 129–133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2009.09.008
- Cox, R. W. (1996). AFNI: Software for analysis and visualization of functional magnetic resonance neuroimages. Computers and Biomedical Research, 29(3), 162–173. https://doi.org/10.1006/cbmr.1996.0014
- Cox, R. W., Chen, G., Glen, D. R., Reynolds, R. C., & Taylor, P. A. (2017). FMRI clustering in AFNI: False-positive rates redux. Brain Connectivity, 7(3), 152–171. https://doi.org/10.1089/brain.2016.0475
- Derakshan, N., Ansari, T. L., Shoker, L., Hansard, M., & Eysenck, M. W. (2009). Anxiety and inhibition: An investigation using the antisaccade task. Experimental Psychology, 56(1), 48–55. https://doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169.56.1.48
- Derakshan, N., & Eysenck, M. W. (2009). Anxiety, processing efficiency, and cognitive performance. European Psychologist, 14(2), 168–176. https://doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040.14.2.168
- Derakshan, N., & Koster, E. H. W. (2010). Processing efficiency in anxiety: Evidence from eye-movements during visual search. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 48(12), 1180–1185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2010.08.009
- Derakshan, N., Smyth, S., & Eysenck, M. W. (2009). Effects of state anxiety on performance using a task-switching paradigm: An investigation of attentional control theory. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 16(6), 1112–1117. https://doi.org/10.3758/PBR.16.6.1112
- Ernst, M. (2014). The triadic model perspective for the study of adolescent motivated behavior. Brain and Cognition, 89, 104–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2014.01.006
- Etkin, A., Egner, T., Peraza, D. M., Kandel, E. R., & Hirsch, J. (2006). Resolving emotional conflict: A role for the rostral anterior cingulate cortex in modulating activity in the amygdala. Neuron, 51(6), 871–882. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2006.07.029
- Eysenck, M. W., & Derakshan, N. (2011). New perspectives in attentional control theory. Personality and Individual Differences, 50(7), 955–960. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2010.08.019
- Eysenck, M. W., Derakshan, N., Santos, R., & Calvo, M. G. (2007). Anxiety and cognitive performance: attentional control theory. Emotion, 7(2), 336. doi: 10.1037/1528-3542.7.2.336
- Eysenck, M., Payne, S., & Derakshan, N. (2005). Trait anxiety, visuospatial processing, and working memory. Cognition & Emotion, 19(8), 1214–1228. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699930500260245
- Fales, C. L., Barch, D. M., Burgess, G. C., Schaefer, A., Mennin, D. S., Braver, T. S., & Gray, J. R. (2008). Anxiety and cognitive efficiency: Differential modulation of transient and sustained neural activity during a working memory task. Cognitive, Affective, and Behavioral Neuroscience, 8(3), 239–253. https://doi.org/10.3758/CABN.8.3.239
- Ferneyhough, E., Kim, M. K., Phelps, E. A., & Carrasco, M. (2013). Anxiety modulates the effects of emotion and attention on early vision. Cognition & Emotion, 27(1), 166–176. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2012.689953
- Gilboa-Schechtman, E., Foa, E. B., & Amir, N. (1999). Attentional biases for facial expressions in social phobia: The face-in-the-crowd paradigm. Cognition and Emotion, 13(3), 305–318. https://doi.org/10.1080/026999399379294
- Gold, A. L., Abend, R., Britton, J. C., Behrens, B., Farber, M., Ronkin, E., Chen, G., Leibenluft, E., & Pine, D. S. (2020). Age differences in the neural correlates of anxiety disorders: An fMRI study of response to learned threat. American Journal of Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2019.19060650
- Gold, A. L., Shechner, T., Farber, M. J., Spiro, C. N., Leibenluft, E., Pine, D. S., & Britton, J. C. (2016). Amygdala–cortical connectivity: Associations with anxiety, development, and threat. Depression and Anxiety, 33(10), 917–926. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.22470
- Gourtzelidis, P., Tzagarakis, C., Lewis, S. M., Crowe, D. A., Auerbach, E., Jerde, T. A., Uğurbil, K., & Georgopoulos, A. P. (2005). Mental maze solving: Directional fMRI tuning and population coding in the superior parietal lobule. Experimental Brain Research, 165(3), 273–282. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-005-2298-6
- Graziano, M. S., Taylor, C. S., & Moore, T. (2002). Complex movements evoked by microstimulation of precentral cortex. Neuron, 34(5), 841–851. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0896-6273(02)00698-0
- Haas, S. A., Amso, D., & Fox, N. A. (2017). The effects of emotion priming on visual search in socially anxious adults. Cognition and Emotion, 31(5), 1041–1054. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2016.1180281
- Hadwin, J. A., Donnelly, N., French, C. C., Richards, A., Watts, A., & Daley, D. (2003). The influence of children's self-report trait anxiety and depression on visual search for emotional faces. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 44(3), 432–444. https://doi.org/10.1111/1469-7610.00133
- Hadwin, J. A., Donnelly, N., Richards, A., French, C. C., & Patel, U. (2009). Childhood anxiety and attention to emotion faces in a modified stroop task. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 27(2), 487–494. https://doi.org/10.1348/026151008X315503
- Hamzei, F., Dettmers, C., Rijntjes, M., Glauche, V., Kiebel, S., Weber, B., & Weiller, C. (2002). Visuomotor control within a distributed parieto-frontal network. Experimental Brain Research, 146(3), 273–281. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-002-1139-0
- Holland, D., Kuperman, J. M., & Dale, A. M. (2010). Efficient correction of inhomogeneous static magnetic field-induced distortion in echo planar imaging. Neuroimage, 50(1), 175–183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.11.044
- Insel, T., Cuthbert, B., Garvey, M., Heinssen, R., Pine, D. S., Quinn, K., & Wang, P. (2010). Research domain criteria (RDoC): Toward a new classification framework for research on mental disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry, 167, 748–751. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2010.09091379
- Jarcho, J. M., Romer, A. L., Shechner, T., Galvan, A., Guyer, A. E., Leibenluft, E., Pine, D. S., & Nelson, E. E. (2015). Forgetting the best when predicting the worst: Preliminary observations on neural circuit function in adolescent social anxiety. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 13, 21–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2015.03.002
- Kanske, P., & Kotz, S. A. (2011). Emotion speeds up conflict resolution: A new role for the ventral anterior cingulate cortex? Cerebral Cortex, 21(4), 911–919. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhq157
- Kaufman, J., Birmaher, B., Brent, D., Rao, U. M. A., Flynn, C., Moreci, P., Williamson, D., & Ryan, N. (1997). Schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia for school-age children-present and lifetime version (K-SADS-PL): Initial reliability and validity data. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 36(7), 980–988. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199707000-00021
- King, P. E., & Finn, A. N. (2017). A test of attention control theory in public speaking: Cognitive load influences the relationship between state anxiety and verbal production. Communication Education, 66(2), 168–182. https://doi.org/10.1080/03634523.2016.1272128
- Kircanski, K., White, L. K., Tseng, W.-L., Wiggins, J. L., Frank, H. R., Sequeira, S., Zhang, S., Abend, R., Towbin, K. E., Stringaris, A., Pine, D. S., Leibenluft, E., & Brotman, M. A. (2018). A latent variable approach to differentiating neural mechanisms of irritability and anxiety in youth. JAMA Psychiatry, 75(6), 631–639. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.0468
- Krueger, R. F., Kotov, R., Watson, D., Forbes, M. K., Eaton, N. R., Ruggero, C. J., Simms, L. J., Widiger, T. A., Achenbach, T. M., Bach, B., Bagby, R. M., Bornovalova, M. A., Carpenter, W. T., Chmielewski, M., Cicero, D. C., Clark, L. A., Conway, C., DeClercq, B., DeYoung, C. G., … Zimmermann, J. (2018). Progress in achieving quantitative classification of psychopathology. World Psychiatry, 17(3), 282–293. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20566
- Ladouceur, C. D., Dahl, R. E., Birmaher, B., Axelson, D. A., & Ryan, N. D. (2006). Increased error-related negativity (ERN) inchildhood anxiety disorders: ERP and source localization. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47(10), 1073–1082. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01654.x
- Luna, B., Padmanabhan, A., & O’Hearn, K. (2010). What has fMRI told us about the development of cognitive control through adolescence? Brain and Cognition, 72(1), 101–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2009.08.005
- MacNamara, A., & Proudfit, G. H. (2014). Cognitive load and emotional processing in generalized anxiety disorder: Electrocortical evidence for increased distractibility. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 123(3), 557–565. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0036997
- Mogg, K., Philippot, P., & Bradley, B. P. (2004). Selective attention to angry faces in clinical social phobia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 113(1), 160–165. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.113.1.160
- Moran, T. P., & Moser, J. S. (2015). The color of anxiety: Neurobehavioral evidence for distraction by perceptually salient stimuli inanxiety. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 15(1), 169–179. doi: 10.3758/s13415-014-0314-7
- Najmi, S., Amir, N., Frosio, K. E., & Ayers, C. (2015). The effects of cognitive load on attention control in subclinical anxiety and generalised anxiety disorder. Cognition and Emotion, 29(7), 1210–1223. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2014.975188
- Nyström, P., Falck-Ytter, T., & Gredebäck, G. (2016). The TimeStudio project: An open source scientific workflow system for the behavioral and brain sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 48(2), 542–552. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-015-0616-x
- Owen, M. J. (2014). New approaches to psychiatric diagnostic classification. Neuron, 84(3), 564–571. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2014.10.028
- Piepho, H.-P. (2004). An algorithm for a letter-based representation of all pairwise comparisons. Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics, 13(2), 456–466. https://doi.org/10.1198/1061860043515
- Rizzolatti, G., & Matelli, M. (2003). Two different streams form the dorsal visual system: Anatomy and functions. Experimental Brain Research, 153(2), 146–157. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-003-1588-0
- Salum, G. A., Mogg, K., Bradley, B. P., Gadelha, A., Pan, P., Tamanaha, A. C., Moriyama, T., Graeff-Martins, A. S., Jarros, R. B., Polanczyk, G., do Rosário, M. C., Leibenluft, E., Rohde, L. A., Manfro, G. G., & Pine, D. S. (2013). Threat bias in attention orienting: Evidence of specificity in a large community-based study. Psychological Medicine, 43(4), 733–745. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291712001651
- Shechner, T., Britton, J. C., Pérez-Edgar, K., Bar-Haim, Y., Ernst, M., Fox, N. A., Leibenluft, E., & Pine, D. S. (2012). Attention biases, anxiety, and development: Toward or away from threats or rewards? Depression and Anxiety, 29(4), 282–294. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.20914
- Shulman, E. P., Smith, A. R., Silva, K., Icenogle, G., Duell, N., Chein, J., & Steinberg, L. (2016). The dual systems model: Review, reappraisal, and reaffirmation. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 17, 103–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2015.12.010
- Silverman, W. K., & Field, A. P. (eds.). (2011). Anxiety disorders in children and adolescents (pp. 293–312). Cambridge University Press.
- Singmann, H., Bolker, B., Westfall, J., Aust, F., & Ben-Shachar, M. S. (2019). afex: Analysis of factorial experiments. R package version 0.25-1. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=afex
- Smith, A. R., Nelson, E. E., Kircanski, K., Rappaport, B. I., Do, Q. B., Leibenluft, E., Pine, D. S., & Jarcho, J. M. (2020). Social anxiety and age are associated with neural response to social evaluation during adolescence. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 42, 100768. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2020.100768
- Suslow, T., Dannlowski, U., Lalee-Mentzel, J., Donges, U.-S., Arolt, V., & Kersting, A. (2004). Spatial processing of facial emotion in patients with unipolar depression: A longitudinal study. Journal of Affective Disorders, 83(1), 59–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2004.03.003
- Swartz, J. R., Phan, K. L., Angstadt, M., Klumpp, H., Fitzgerald, K. D., & Monk, C. S. (2014). Altered activation of the rostral anterior cingulate cortex in the context of emotional face distractors in children and adolescents with anxiety disorders. Depression and Anxiety, 31(10), 870–879. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.22289
- Vytal, K., Cornwell, B., Arkin, N., & Grillon, C. (2012). Describing the interplay between anxiety and cognition: From impaired performance under low cognitive load to reduced anxiety under high load. Psychophysiology, 49(6), 842–852. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.2012.01358.x
- Vytal, K. E., Cornwell, B. R., Arkin, N. E., Letkiewicz, A. M., & Grillon, C. (2013). The complex interaction between anxiety and cognition: Insight from spatial and verbal working memory. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 7, 93. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00093
- Walkenhorst, E., & Crowe, S. F. (2009). The effect of state worry and trait anxiety on working memory processes in a normal sample. Anxiety, Stress, & Coping, 22(2), 167–187. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615800801998914
- White, L. K., Degnan, K. A., Henderson, H. A., Pérez-Edgar, K., Walker, O. L., Shechner, T., Leibenluft, E., Bar-Haim, Y., Pine, D. S., & Fox, N. A. (2017). Developmental relations among behavioral inhibition, anxiety, and attention biases to threat and positive information. Child Development, 88(1), 141–155. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12696
- Yu, Q., & Shim, W. M. (2017). Occipital, parietal, and frontal cortices selectively maintain task-relevant features of multi-feature objects in visual working memory. Neuroimage, 157, 97–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.05.055