Determinants for positive and negative experiences of interpersonal touch: context matters

References

• Ackerley, R., Backlund Wasling, H., Liljencrantz, J., Olausson, H., Johnson, R. D., & Wessberg, J. (2014). Human C-tactile afferents are tuned to the temperature of a skin-stroking caress. The Journal of Neuroscience, 34(8), 2879–2883. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2847-13.2014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ackerley, R., Carlsson, I., Wester, H., Olausson, H., & Backlund Wasling, H. (2014). Touch perceptions across skin sites: Differences between sensitivity, direction discrimination and pleasantness. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 8, 54. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00054
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• App, B., McIntosh, D. N., Reed, C. L., & Hertenstein, M. J. (2011). Nonverbal channel use in communication of emotion: How may depend on why. Emotion, 11(3), 603–617. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0023164
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Argyle, M., & Dean, J. (1965). Eye-contact, distance and affiliation. Sociometry, 28(3), 289–304. https://doi.org/10.2307/2786027
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Aron, A., Aron, E. N., & Smollan, D. (1992). Inclusion of other in the self scale and the structure of interpersonal closeness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63(4), 596–612. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.63.4.596
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bailenson, J. N., & Yee, N. (2005). Digital chameleons. Psychological Science, 16(10), 814–819. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2005.01619.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beßler, R., Bendas, J., Sailer, U., & Croy, I. (2020). The “longing for interpersonal touch picture questionnaire”: Development of a new measurement for touch perception. International Journal of Psychology, n/a(n/a), https://doi.org/10.1002/ijop.12616
   Google Scholar
• Brandstätter, H. (1994). Well-being and motivational person-environment fit: A time-sampling study of emotions. European Journal of Personality, 8(2), 75–93. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.2410080202
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
   Google Scholar
• Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2019). Reflecting on reflexive thematic analysis. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 11(4), 589–597. https://doi.org/10.1080/2159676X.2019.1628806
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Case, L. K., Liljencrantz, J., McCall, M. V., Bradson, M., Necaise, A., Tubbs, J., Olausson, H., Wang, B., & Bushnell, M. C. (2021). Pleasant deep pressure: Expanding the social touch hypothesis. Neuroscience, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.07.050
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Case, L. K., Madian, N., McCall, M. V., Bradson, M. L., Liljencrantz, J., Goldstein, B., Alasha, V. J., & Zimmerman, M. S. (2023). Aβ-CT affective touch: Touch pleasantness ratings for gentle stroking and deep pressure exhibit dependence on A-fibers. Eneuro, 10(5), ENEURO.0504-22.2023–22.2023. https://doi.org/10.1523/ENEURO.0504-22.2023
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chartrand, T. L., & Bargh, J. A. (1999). The chameleon effect: The perception-behavior link and social interaction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76(6), 893–910. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.76.6.893
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, X., Barnes, C. J., Childs, T. H. C., Henson, B., & Shao, F. (2009). Materials’ tactile testing and characterisation for consumer products’ affective packaging design. Materials & Design, 30(10), 4299–4310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2009.04.021
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen, J. (1977). Chapter 9—F tests of variance proportions in multiple regression/correlation analysis. In J. Cohen (Ed.), Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (pp. 407–453). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-179060-8.50014-1
   Google Scholar
• Croy, I., Luong, A., Triscoli, C., Hofmann, E., Olausson, H., & Sailer, U. (2016). Interpersonal stroking touch is targeted to C tactile afferent activation. Behavioural Brain Research, 297, 37–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2015.09.038
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Debrot, A., Schoebi, D., Perrez, M., & Horn, A. (2014). Stroking your beloved one's white bear: Responsive touch by the romantic partner buffers the negative effect of thought suppression on daily mood. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 33(1), 75–97. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2014.33.1.75
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Debrot, A., Schoebi, D., Perrez, M., & Horn, A. B. (2013). Touch as an interpersonal emotion regulation process in couples’ daily lives. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 39(10), 1373–1385. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167213497592
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dunbar, R. I. (2010). The social role of touch in humans and primates: Behavioural function and neurobiological mechanisms. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 34(2), 260–268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2008.07.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eckstein, M., Mamaev, I., Ditzen, B., & Sailer, U. (2020). Calming effects of touch in human, animal, and robotic interaction—scientific state-of-the-art and technical advances. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.555058
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eisinga, R., te Grotenhuis, M., & Pelzer, B. (2013). The reliability of a two-item scale: Pearson, Cronbach, or Spearman-Brown? International Journal of Public Health, 58(4), 637–642. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-012-0416-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eitam, B., Kennedy, P. M., & Tory Higgins, E. (2013). Motivation from control. Experimental Brain Research, 229(3), 475–484. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-012-3370-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekman, G., Hosman, J., & Lindstroem, B. (1965). Roughness, smoothness, and preference: A study of quantitative relations in individual subjects. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 70(1), 18–26. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0021985
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ellingsen, D. M., Leknes, S., Loseth, G., Wessberg, J., & Olausson, H. (2016). The neurobiology shaping affective touch: Expectation, motivation, and meaning in the multisensory context. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 1986. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01986
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Essick, G. K., McGlone, F., Dancer, C., Fabricant, D., Ragin, Y., Phillips, N., Jones, T., & Guest, S. (2010). Quantitative assessment of pleasant touch. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 34(2), 192–203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2009.02.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Etzi, R., Spence, C., & Gallace, A. (2014). Textures that we like to touch: An experimental study of aesthetic preferences for tactile stimuli. Consciousness and Cognition, 29, 178–188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2014.08.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Buchner, A., & Lang, A. G. (2009). Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behavior Research Methods, 41(4), 1149–1160. https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.41.4.1149
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fisher, J. D., Rytting, M., & Heslin, R. (1976). Hands touching hands: Affective and evaluative effects of an interpersonal touch. Sociometry, 39(4), 416–421. https://doi.org/10.2307/3033506
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gallace, A., & Spence, C. (2010). The science of interpersonal touch: An overview. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 34(2), 246–259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2008.10.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gentsch, A., Panagiotopoulou, E., & Fotopoulou, A. (2015). Active interpersonal touch gives rise to the social softness illusion. Current Biology, 25(18), 2392–2397. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2015.07.049
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldberg, M. A., & Katz, B. (1990). The effect of nonreciprocated and reciprocated touch on power/dominance perception. Journal of Social Behavior & Personality, 5(5), 379–386.
   Google Scholar
• Guest, S., Dessirier, J. M., Mehrabyan, A., McGlone, F., Essick, G., Gescheider, G., Fontana, A., Xiong, R., Ackerley, R., & Blot, K. (2011). The development and validation of sensory and emotional scales of touch perception. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 73(2), 531–550. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-010-0037-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gwosdow, A. R., Stevens, J. C., Berglund, L. G., & Stolwijk, J. A. J. (1986). Skin friction and fabric sensations in neutral and warm environments. Textile Research Journal, 56(9), 574–580. https://doi.org/10.1177/004051758605600909
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hassenzahl, M. (2010). Experience design: Technology for all the right reasons (Vol. 3). Morgan & Claypool Publishers. https://doi.org/10.2200/S00261ED1V01Y201003HCI008
   Google Scholar
• Hassenzahl, M., Diefenbach, S., & Göritz, A. (2010). Needs, affect, and interactive products – Facets of user experience. Interacting with Computers, 22(5), 353–362. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intcom.2010.04.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hassenzahl, M., Wiklund-Engblom, A., Bengs, A., Hägglund, S., & Diefenbach, S. (2015). Experience-oriented and product-oriented evaluation: Psychological need fulfillment, positive affect, and product perception. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 31(8), 530–544. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2015.1064664
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hauser, S. C., McIntyre, S., Israr, A., Olausson, H., & Gerling, G. J. (2019). Uncovering human-to-human physical interactions that underlie emotional and affective touch communication, 407–412. https://doi.org/10.1109/WHC.2019.8816169
   Google Scholar
• Henley, N. (1970). The politics of touch. Know, Incorporated.
   Google Scholar
• Hertenstein, M. J., Holmes, R., McCullough, M., & Keltner, D. (2009). The communication of emotion via touch. Emotion, 9(4), 566. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0016108
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hertenstein, M. J., Keltner, D., App, B., Bulleit, B. A., & Jaskolka, A. R. (2006). Touch communicates distinct emotions. Emotion, 6(3), Article 528. https://doi.org/10.1037/1528-3542.6.3.528
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hertenstein, M. J., Verkamp, J. M., Kerestes, A. M., & Holmes, R. M. (2006). The communicative functions of touch in humans, nonhuman primates, and rats: A review and synthesis of the empirical research. Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs, 132(1), 5–94. https://doi.org/10.3200/MONO.132.1.5-94
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heslin, R., & Alper, T. (1983). Touch: A bonding gesture. In J. M. Wiemann, & R. P. Harrison (Eds.), Nonverbal interaction (pp. 47–75). Sage Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Hilbe, J. M. (2009). Logistic regression models (pp. 42–44). CRC Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hollins, M., Faldowski, R., Rao, S., & Young, F. (1993). Perceptual dimensions of tactile surface texture: A multidimensional scaling analysis. Perception & Psychophysics, 54(6), 697–705. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03211795
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howell, R. T., Chenot, D., Hill, G., & Howell, C. J. (2011). Momentary happiness: The role of psychological need satisfaction. Journal of Happiness Studies, 12(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-009-9166-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jablonski, N. (2021). Social and affective touch in primates and its role in the evolution of social cohesion. Neuroscience, 464, 117–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.11.024
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jakubiak, B. (2022). Affectionate touch in satisfying and dissatisfying romantic relationships. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 39(8), 2287–2315. https://doi.org/10.1177/02654075221077280
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jakubiak, B., Debrot, A., Kim, J., & Impett, E. (2021). Approach and avoidance motives for touch are predicted by attachment and predict daily relationship well-being. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 38(1), 256–278. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407520961178
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jakubiak, B. K., Fuentes, J. D., & Feeney, B. C. (2021). Individual and relational differences in desire for touch in romantic relationships. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 38. https://doi.org/10.1177/02654075211003331
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones, S. E. (1999). Communicating with touch. In L. K. Guerrero, J. A. DeVito, & M. L. Hecht (Eds.), The nonverbal communication reader: Classic and contemporary readings (pp. 192–201).
   Google Scholar
• Jones, S. E., & Yarbrough, A. E. (1985). A naturalistic study of the meanings of touch. Communication Monographs, 52(1), 19–56. https://doi.org/10.1080/03637758509376094
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karsh, N., & Eitam, B. (2015). I control therefore I do: Judgments of agency influence action selection. Cognition, 138, 122–131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2015.02.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keizer, A., Heijman, J. O., & Dijkerman, H. C. (2022). Do transdiagnostic factors influence affective touch perception in psychiatric populations? Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 43, 125–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2021.09.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klöcker, A., Oddo, C. M., Camboni, D., Penta, M., & Thonnard, J.-L. (2014). Physical factors influencing pleasant touch during passive fingertip stimulation. PLoS One, 9(7), e101361. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0101361
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klöcker, A., Wiertlewski, M., Théate, V., Hayward, V., & Thonnard, J.-L. (2013). Physical factors influencing pleasant touch during tactile exploration. PLoS One, 8(11), e79085. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079085
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krahé, C., Fotopolou, A., Hammond, C., Banissy, M. J., Koukoutsakis, A., & Jenkinson, P. M. (2023). The meaning of touch: Relational and individual variables shape emotions and intentions associated with imagined social touch. OSF. https://osf.io/qt53j/.
   Google Scholar
• Krahe, C., von Mohr, M., Gentsch, A., Guy, L., Vari, C., Nolte, T., & Fotopoulou, A. (2018). Sensitivity to CT-optimal, affective touch depends on adult attachment style. Scientific Reports, 8(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-32865-6
   Google Scholar
• Krohne, H. W., Egloff, B., Kohlmann, C.-W., & Tausch, A. (1996). Untersuchungen mit einer deutschen Version der ‘Positive and Negative Affect Schedule’ (PANAS). [Investigations with a German version of the positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS).]. Diagnostica, 42(2), 139–156.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuo, C.-L., Duan, Y., & Grady, J. (2018). Unconditional or conditional logistic regression model for age-matched case–control data? Frontiers in Public Health, 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2018.00057
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, C. R., Chen, A., & Tye, K. M. (2021). The neural circuitry of social homeostasis: Consequences of acute versus chronic social isolation. Cell, 184(6), 1500–1516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2021.02.028
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lenz, E., Hassenzahl, M., & Diefenbach, S. (2017). Aesthetic interaction as fit between interaction attributes and experiential qualities. New Ideas in Psychology, 47, 80–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.newideapsych.2017.03.010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, C. (2013). Little’s test of missing completely at random. The Stata Journal: Promoting Communications on Statistics and Stata, 13(4), 795–809. https://doi.org/10.1177/1536867X1301300407
   Google Scholar
• Linley, P. A., Maltby, J., Wood, A. M., Osborne, G., & Hurling, R. (2009). Measuring happiness: The higher order factor structure of subjective and psychological well-being measures. Personality and Individual Differences, 47(8), 878–884. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2009.07.010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, D., Piao, Y., Ma, R., Zhang, Y., Guo, W., Zuo, L., Liu, W., Song, H., & Zhang, X. (2021). Actor and partner effects of touch: Touch-induced stress alleviation is influenced by perceived relationship quality of the couple. Frontiers in Psychology, https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.661438
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lo, C., Chu, S. T., Penney, T. B., & Schirmer, A. (2021). 3D hand-motion tracking and bottom-up classification sheds light on the physical properties of gentle stroking. Neuroscience, 464, 90–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.09.037
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Löken, L. S., Wessberg, J., Morrison, I., McGlone, F., & Olausson, H. (2009). Coding of pleasant touch by unmyelinated afferents in humans. Nature Neuroscience, 12(5), 547–548. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.2312
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ly, V., Wang, K. S., Bhanji, J., & Delgado, M. R. (2019). A reward-based framework of perceived control. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2019.00065
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mackinnon, A., Jorm, A. F., Christensen, H., Korten, A. E., Jacomb, P. A., & Rodgers, B. (1999). A short form of the positive and negative affect schedule: Evaluation of factorial validity and invariance across demographic variables in a community sample. Personality and Individual Differences, 27(3), 405–416. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(98)00251-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Major, D. R. (1895). On the affective tone of simple sense-impressions. The American Journal of Psychology, 7(1), 57–77. https://doi.org/10.2307/1412037
   Google Scholar
• Malterud, K. (2012). Systematic text condensation: A strategy for qualitative analysis. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, 40(8), 795–805. https://doi.org/10.1177/1403494812465030
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marschallek, B. E., Löw, A., & Jacobsen, T. (2023). You can touch this! Brain correlates of aesthetic processing of active fingertip exploration of material surfaces. Neuropsychologia, 182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2023.108520
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matthews, G. A., & Tye, K. M. (2019). Neural mechanisms of social homeostasis. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1457(1), 5–25. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.14016
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGlone, F., Wessberg, J., & Olausson, H. (2014). Discriminative and affective touch: Sensing and feeling. Neuron, 82(4), 737–755. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2014.05.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McIntyre, S., Hauser, S. C., Kusztor, A., Boehme, R., Moungou, A., Isager, P. M., Homman, L., Novembre, G., Nagi, S. S., Israr, A., Lumpkin, E. A., Abnousi, F., Gerling, G. J., & Olausson, H. (2022). The language of social touch is intuitive and quantifiable. Psychological Science, 33(9), 1477–1494. https://doi.org/10.1177/09567976211059801
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morrison, I. (2023). Touching to connect, explore, and explain: How the human brain makes social touch meaningful. The Senses and Society, 92–109. https://doi.org/10.1080/17458927.2023.2200065
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nguyen, T., Heslin, R., & Nguyen, M. L. (1975). The meanings of touch: Sex differences. Journal of Communication, 25(3), 92–103. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1975.tb00610.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okamoto, S., Nagano, H., & Yamada, Y. (2013). Psychophysical dimensions of tactile perception of textures. IEEE Transactions on Haptics, 6(1), 81–93. https://doi.org/10.1109/TOH.2012.32
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Packheiser, J., Malek, I. M., Reichart, J. S., Katona, L., Luhmann, M., & Ocklenburg, S. (2022). The association of embracing with daily mood and general life satisfaction: An ecological momentary assessment study. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10919-022-00411-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pampel, F. C. (2000). Logistic regression: A primer. SAGE Publications. https://books.google.no/books?id=lfzSqxFceq0C.
   Google Scholar
• Partala, T., & Kallinen, A. (2012). Understanding the most satisfying and unsatisfying user experiences: Emotions, psychological needs, and context. Interacting with Computers, 24(1), 25–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intcom.2011.10.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pawling, R., Cannon, P. R., McGlone, F. P., & Walker, S. C. (2017). C-tactile afferent stimulating touch carries a positive affective value. PLoS One, 12(3), e0173457. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0173457
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reis, H. T., Sheldon, K. M., Gable, S. L., Roscoe, J., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). Daily well-being: The role of autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26(4), 419–435. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167200266002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reis, H. T., & Wheeler, L. (1991). In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Studying social interaction with the Rochester interaction record (Vol. 24, pp. 269–318). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2601(08)60332-9
   Google Scholar
• Ripin, R., & Lazarsfeld, P. F. (1937). The tactile-kinaesthetic perception of fabrics with emphasis on their relative pleasantness. Journal of Applied Psychology, 21(2), 198–224. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0058436
   Google Scholar
• Rodriguez, M., & Kross, E. (2023). Sensory emotion regulation. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 27(4), 379–390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2023.01.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rubin, D. B. (1987). Multiple imputation for nonresponse in surveys. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470316696
   Google Scholar
• Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55(1), 68–78. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.68
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saarinen, A., Harjunen, V., Jasinskaja-Lahti, I., Jääskeläinen, I. P., & Ravaja, N. (2021). Social touch experience in different contexts: A review. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 131, 360–372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.09.027
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sailer, U., Hausmann, M., & Croy, I. (2020). Pleasantness only? Experimental Psychology, 67(4), 224–236. https://doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000492
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sailer, U., & Leknes, S. (2022). Meaning makes touch affective. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 44, 101099. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2021.101099
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schirmer, A., Cham, C., Lai, O., Le, T. S., & Ackerley, R. (2023). Stroking trajectory shapes velocity effects on pleasantness and other touch percepts. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 49(1), 71–86. https://doi.org/10.1037/xhp0001079
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schirmer, A., Cham, C., Zhao, Z., & Croy, I. (2023). What makes touch comfortable? An examination of touch giving and receiving in two cultures. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 49. https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672221105966
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schirmer, A., Chiu, M. H., & Croy, I. (2021). More than one kind: Different sensory signatures and functions divide affectionate touch. Emotion (Washington, D.C.), 21(6), 1268–1280. https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0000966
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schirmer, A., Croy, I., & Ackerley, R. (2023). What are C-tactile afferents and how do they relate to “affective touch”? Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 151, 105236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105236
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schneider, E., Hopf, D., Aguilar-Raab, C., Scheele, D., Neubauer, A. B., Sailer, U., Hurlemann, R., Eckstein, M., & Ditzen, B. (2023). Cylicins are a structural component of the sperm calyx being indispensable for male fertility in mice and human. eLife, 12. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.86100
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sened, H., Levin, C., Shehab, M., Eisenberger, N., & Shamay-Tsoory, S. (2023). I wanna hold your hand: Handholding is preferred over gentle stroking for emotion regulation. PLoS One, 18(4), e0284161. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0284161
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheldon, K. M., Elliot, A. J., Kim, Y., & Kasser, T. (2001). What is satisfying about satisfying events? Testing 10 candidate psychological needs. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80(2), 325. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.80.2.325
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sommer, R. (1969). Personal space; the behavioral basis of design. Prentice-Hall. https://books.google.no/books?id=Iil-AAAAMAAJ.
   Google Scholar
• Sorokowska, A., Saluja, S., Sorokowski, P., Frackowiak, T., Karwowski, M., Aavik, T., Akello, G., Alm, C., Amjad, N., Anjum, A., Asao, K., Atama, C., Duyar, D., Ayebare, R., Batres, C., Bendixen, M., Bensafia, A., Bizumic, B., Boussena, M., … Croy, I. (2021). Affective interpersonal touch in close relationships: A cross-cultural perspective. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 47(12), 1705–1721. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167220988373
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suarez, E., Pérez, C. M., Rivera, R., & Martínez, M. N. (2017). Applications of regression models in epidemiology. Applications of Regression Models in Epidemiology, 165–126. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119212515.ch11
   Google Scholar
• Suvilehto, J. T., Glerean, E., Dunbar, R. I. M., Hari, R., & Nummenmaa, L. (2015). Topography of social touching depends on emotional bonds between humans. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(45), 13811–13816. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1519231112
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suvilehto, J. T., Nummenmaa, L., Harada, T., Dunbar, R. I. M., Hari, R., Turner, R., Sadato, N., & Kitada, R. (2019). Cross-cultural similarity in relationship-specific social touching. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 286(1901), 20190467. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.0467
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Triscoli, C., Croy, I., Olausson, H., & Sailer, U. (2017). Touch between romantic partners: Being stroked is more pleasant than stroking and decelerates heart rate. Physiology & Behavior, 177, 169–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.05.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vallbo, Å, Löken, L., & Wessberg, J. (2016). Sensual touch: A slow touch system revealed with microneurography. In H. Olausson, J. Wessberg, I. Morrison, & F. McGlone (Eds.), Affective touch and the neurophysiology of CT afferents (pp. 1–30). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6418-5_1
   Google Scholar
• Vallbo, Å, Olausson, H., & Wessberg, J. (1999). Unmyelinated afferents constitute a second system coding tactile stimuli of the human hairy skin. Journal of Neurophysiology, 81(6), 2753–2763. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.1999.81.6.2753
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verrillo, R. T., Bolanowski, S. J., & McGlone, F. P. (1999). Subjective magnitude of tactile roughness. Somatosensory & Motor Research, 16(4), 352–360. https://doi.org/10.1080/08990229970401
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• von Mohr, M., Kirsch, L. P., & Fotopoulou, A. (2021). Social touch deprivation during COVID-19: Effects on psychological wellbeing and craving interpersonal touch. Royal Society Open Science, 8(9), 210287. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.210287
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(6), 1063–1070. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wijaya, M., Lau, D., Horrocks, S., McGlone, F., Ling, H., & Schirmer, A. (2020). The human “feel” of touch contributes to its perceived pleasantness. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 46(2), 155–171. https://doi.org/10.1037/xhp0000705
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson, T. D., Lisle, D. J., Schooler, J. W., Hodges, S. D., Klaaren, K. J., & LaFleur, S. J. (1993). Introspecting about reasons can reduce post-choice satisfaction. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 19(3), 331–339. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167293193010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar