591
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

The Effects of Training Load During Dietary Intervention Upon Fat Loss: A Randomized Crossover Trial

Pages 990-1000 | Received 07 Apr 2022, Accepted 21 Jun 2022, Published online: 23 Aug 2022

References

  • Abrahin, O., Moraes-Ferreira, R., Cortinhas-Alves, E. A., & Guerreiro, J. F. (2021). Is resistance training alone an antihypertensive therapy? A meta-analysis. Journal of Human Hypertension, 35(9), 769–775. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41371-021-00582-9
  • Ahtiainen, J. P., Pakarinen, A., Alen, M., Kraemer, W. J., & Häkkinen, K. (2003). Muscle hypertrophy, hormonal adaptations and strength development during strength training in strength-trained and untrained men. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 89(6), 555–563. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-003-0833-3
  • Amrhein, V., Trafimow, D., & Greenland, S. (2019). Inferential statistics as descriptive statistics: There is no replication crisis if we don’t expect replication. The American Statistician, 73(Suppl. 1), 262–270. https://doi.org/10.1080/00031305.2018.1543137
  • Avila, J. J., Gutierres, J. A., Sheehy, M. E., Lofgren, I. E., & Delmonico, M. J. (2010). Effect of moderate intensity resistance training during weight loss on body composition and physical performance in overweight older adults. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 109(3), 517–525. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-010-1387-9
  • Baechle, T. R., & Earle, R. W. (2008). Essentials of strength training and conditioning (3rd ed.). Human Kinetics.
  • Bates, D., Mächler, M., Bolker, B., & Walker, S. (2015). Fitting linear mixed-effects models using lme4. Journal of Statistical Software, 67(1), 1–48. https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v067.i01
  • Brunelli, D. T., Finardi, E. A. R., Bonfante, I. L. P. Gáspari, A. F., Sardeli, A. V., Souza, T. M. F., Chacon–Mikahil, M. P. T., & Cavaglieri, C. R. (2019). Acute low- compared to high-load resistance training to failure results in greater energy expenditure during exercise in healthy young men. PLoS One, 14(11), e0224801. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0224801
  • Carlson, L., Gschneidner, D., Steele, J., & Fisher, J. P. (2022). Short-term supervised virtual training maintains intensity of effort and represents an efficacious alternative to traditional studio-based, supervised strength training. Physiology & Behavior, 249, Article 113748. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.113748
  • Choi, P. Y. (2003). Muscle matters: Maintaining visible differences between women and men. Sexualities, Evolution & Gender, 5(2), 71–81. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616660310001632554
  • Cumming, G. (2014). The new statistics: Why and how. Psychological Science, 25(1), 7–29. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797613504966
  • Dankel, S. J., Jessee, M. B., Mattocks, K. T., Mouser, J. G., Counts, B. R., Buckner, S. L., & Loenneke, J. P. (2017). Training to fatigue: The answer for standardization when assessing muscle hypertrophy? Sports Medicine, 47(6), 1021–1027. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0633-7
  • Dempster, P. H., & Aitkens, S. U. (1995). A new air displacement method for the determination of human body composition. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 27(12), 221–227. https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199512000-00017
  • Dhurandhar, E. J., Kaiser, K. A., Dawson, J. A., Alcorn, A. S., Keating, K. D., & Allison, D. B. (2015). Predicting adult weight change in the real world: A systematic review and meta-analysis accounting for compensatory changes in energy intake or expenditure. International Journal of Obesity, 39(8), 1181–1187. https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2014.184
  • Donnelly, J. E., Sharp, T., Houmard, J. Carlson, M. G., Hill, J. O., Whatley, J. E., & Israel, R. G. (1993). Muscle hypertrophy with large-scale weight loss and resistance training. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 58(4), 333–335. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/58.4.561
  • Donnelly, J. E., Blair, S. N., Jakicic, J. M., Manore, M. M., Rankin, J. W., & SMITH, B. K. (2009). American college of sports medicine position stand. Appropriate physical activity intervention strategies for weight loss and prevention of weight regain for adults. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 41(2), 459–471. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181949333
  • Dwan, K., Li, T., Altman, D. G., & Elbourne, D. (2019). CONSORT 2010 statement: Extension to randomised crossover trials. BMJ, 366, Article l4378. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l4378
  • Dworkin, S. L. (2001). “Holding back”: Negotiating a glass ceiling on women’s muscular strength. Sociological Perspectives, 44(3), 333–350. https://doi.org/10.1525/sop.2001.44.3.333
  • Farinatti, P. T. V., Simão, R., Monteiro, W. D., & Fleck, S. J. (2009). Influence of exercise order on oxygen uptake during strength training in young women. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 23(3), 1037–1044. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181a2b3e4
  • Fisher, J. P., Carlson, L., Steele, J., & Smith, D. (2014). The effects of pre-exhaustion, exercise order, and rest intervals in a full-body resistance training intervention. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 39(11), 1265–1270. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2014-0162
  • Fisher, J. P., Carlson, L., & Steele, J. (2016). The effects of breakdown set resistance training on muscular performance and body composition in young men and women. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 30(5), 1425–1432. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001222
  • Fisher, J., Sales, A., Carlson, L., & Steele, J. (2017). A comparison of the motivational factors between crossfit participants and other resistance exercise modalities: A pilot study. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 57(9), 1227–1234. https://doi.org/10.23736/S0022-4707.16.06434-3
  • Fisher, J., Steele, J., & Smith, D. (2017). High-and low-load resistance training: Interpretation and practical application of current research findings. Sports Medicine, 47(3), 393–400. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0602-1
  • Fisher, J. P., Steele, J., Androulakis-Korakakis, P., Smith, D., Gentil, P., & Giessing, J. (2020). The strength-endurance continuum revisited: A critical commentary of the recommendation of different loading ranges for different muscular adaptations. Journal of Trainology, 9(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.17338/trainology.9.1_1
  • Fisher, J. P., Steele, J., & Smith, D. (2022). Intensity of effort and momentary failure in resistance training: Are we asking a binary question for a continuous variable? Journal of Sport and Health Science. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2022.03.002
  • Gallardo-Gómez, D., Del Pozo-Cruz, J., Noetel, M., Álvarez-Barbosa, F., Alfonso-Rosa, R. M., & Del Pozo Cruz, B. (2022). Optimal dose and type of exercise to improve cognitive function in older adults: A systematic review and Bayesian model-based network meta-analysis of RCTs. Ageing Research Reviews, 76, Article 101591. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2022.101591
  • Gardner, M. J., & Altman, D. G. (1986). Confidence intervals rather than P values: Estimation rather than hypothesis testing. BMJ, 292(6522), 746–750. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.292.6522.746
  • Gordon, B. R., McDowell, C. P., Lyons, M., & Herring, M. P. (2017). The effects of resistance exercise training on anxiety: A meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis of randomized controlled trials. Sports Medicine, 47(12), 2521–2532. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-017-0769-0
  • Gordon, B. R., McDowell, C. P., Hallgren, M., Meyer, J. D., Lyons, M., & Herring, M. P. (2018). Association of efficacy of resistance exercise training with depressive symptoms: Meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis of randomized clinical trials. JAMA Psychiatry, 75(6), 566–576. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.0572
  • Hunter, G. R., Byrne, N. M., Sirikul, B., Fernández, J. R., Zuckerman, P. A., Darnell, B. E., & Gower, B. A. (2008). Resistance training conserves fat-free mass and resting energy expenditure following weight loss. Obesity, 16(5), 1045–1051. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2008.38
  • Lenth, R. V. (2021). emmeans: Estimated marginal means, aka least-squares means (R package version 1.6.1) [Computer software]. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/emmeans/index.html
  • LeSuer, D. A., McCormick, J. H., Mayhew, J. L., Wasserstein, R. L., & Arnold, M. D. (1997). The accuracy of prediction equations for estimating 1-RM performance in the bench press, squat, and deadlift. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 11(4), 211–213. https://journals.lww.com/nsca-jscr/Abstract/1997/11000/The_Accuracy_of_Prediction_Equations_for.1.aspx
  • Longland, T. M., Oikawa, S. Y., Mitchell, C. J., Devries, M. C., & Phillips, S. M. (2016). Higher compared with lower dietary protein during an energy deficit combined with intense exercise promotes greater lean mass gain and fat mass loss: A randomized trial. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 103(3), 738–746. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.115.119339
  • Lopez, P., Radaelli, R., Taaffe, D. R., Newton, R. U., Galvão, D. A., Trajano, G. S., Teodoro, J. L., KRAEMER, W. J., HÄKKINEN, K., & Pinto, R. S. (2021). Resistance training load effects on muscle hypertrophy and strength gain: Systematic review and network meta-analysis. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 53(6), 1206–1216. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000002585
  • MacKenzie-Shalders, K., Kelly, J. T., So, D., Coffey, V. G., & Byrne, N. M. (2020). The effect of exercise interventions on resting metabolic rate: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Sports Sciences, 38(14), 1635–1649. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2020.1754716
  • Martino, E., Fisher, J. P., Wink, B., Smith, D., & Steele, J. (2021). “Lift big-get big”: The impact of images of hyper-muscular bodies and training information. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 92(3), 500–513. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2020.1752357
  • McShane, B. B., Gal, D., Gelman, A., Robert, C., & Tackett, J. L. (2019). Abandon statistical significance. The American Statistician, 73(Suppl. 6522), 746–750. https://doi.org/10.1080/00031305.2018.1527253
  • Miller, T., Mull, S., Aragon, A. A., Krieger, J., & Schoenfeld, B. J. (2018). Resistance training combined with diet decreases body fat while preserving lean mass independent of resting metabolic rate: A randomized trial. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 28(1), 46–54. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2017-0221
  • Nagamatsu, L. S., Handy, T. C., Hsu, C. L. Voss, M., & Liu-Ambrose, T. (2012). Resistance training improves cognitive and functional brain plasticity in seniors with probable MCI: A 6-month randomized controlled trial. Archives of Internal Medicine, 172(8), 666–668. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2012.379
  • Pedersen, T. L. (2020). Patchwork: The composer of plots (R Package Version 1.0) [Computer software]. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=patchwork
  • Pinheiro, J. C., & Bates, D. M. (2000). Linear mixed-effects models: Basic concepts and examples. Chapter in Mixed-effects Models in S and S-Plus (pp. 3–56). Springer.
  • Ratamess, N. A., Alvar, B. A., Evetoch, T. K., & Housh, T. J. (2009). Progression models in resistance training for healthy adults. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 41(3), 687–708. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181915670
  • Schoenfeld, B., Fisher, J., Grgic, J., Haun, C., Helms, E., Phillips, S., Steele, J., & Vigotsky, A. (2021). Resistance training recommendations to maximize muscle hypertrophy in an athletic population: Position stand of the IUSCA. International Journal of Strength and Conditioning, 1(1), 1–30. https://doi.org/10.47206/ijsc.v1i1.81
  • Scott, C. B., Leighton, B. H., Ahearn, K. J., & McManus, J. J. (2011). Aerobic, anaerobic, and excess postexercise oxygen consumption energy expenditure of muscular endurance and strength: 1-set of bench press to muscular fatigue. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25(4), 903–908. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181c6a128
  • Shojaa, M., von Stengel, S., Kohl, M., Schoene, D., & Kemmler, W. (2020). Effects of dynamic resistance exercise on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: A systematic review and meta-analysis with special emphasis on exercise parameters. Osteoporosis International, 31(8), 1427–1444. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-020-05441-w
  • Srikanthan, P., & Karlamangla, A. S. (2014). Muscle mass index as a predictor of longevity in older adults. The American Journal of Medicine, 127(6), 769–775. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2014.02.007
  • Steele, J., Fisher, J., Giessing, J., & Gentil, P. (2017). Clarity in reporting terminology and definitions of set endpoints in resistance training. Muscle & Nerve, 56(3), 368–374. https://doi.org/10.1002/mus.25557
  • Tsutsumi, T., Don, B. M., Zaichkowsky, L. D., Takenaka, K., Oka, K., & Ohno, T. (1998). Comparison of high and moderate intensity of strength training on mood and anxiety in older adults. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 87(3), 1003–1011. https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.1998.87.3.1003
  • Whisenant, M. J., Panton, L. B., East, W. B., & Broeder, C. E. (2003). Validation of submaximal prediction equations for the 1 repetition maximum bench press test on a group of collegiate football players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 17(2), 221–227. https://doi.org/10.1519/1533-4287(2003)017<0221:vospef>2.0.co;2
  • Wickham, H. (2016). ggplot2: Elegant graphics for data analysis. Springer.
  • Wilkinson, G. N., & Rogers, C. E. (1973). Symbolic description of factorial models for analysis of variance. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series C Applied Statistics, 22(3), 392–399. https://doi.org/10.2307/2346786

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.