Exposure Therapy with a First-Generation, Latino Transgender Man: A Dialectical Behavior and Feminist Therapy Framework

References

• American Psychological Association, APA Task Force on Race and Ethnicity Guidelines in Psychology. (2019). Race and ethnicity guidelines in psychology: Promoting responsiveness and equity. Retrieved from http://www.apa.org/about/policy/race-and-ethnicity-in-psychology.pdf
   Google Scholar
• American Psychological Association. (2015). Guidelines for psychological practice with transgender and gender nonconforming people. The American Psychologist, 70(9), 832–864. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0039906
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benuto, L. T., & Bennett, N. (2015). Using prolonged exposure therapy to treat post-traumatic stress disorder a Latina female with a complex trauma history. International Journal of Psychology and Psychological Therapy, 15(1), 143–153.
   Google Scholar
• Benuto, L. T., Bennett, N. M., & Casas, J. B. (2020). Minority participation in randomized controlled trials for prolonged exposure therapy: A systemic review of the literature. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 33(4), 420–431. https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.22539
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brooks, V. R. (1981). Minority stress and lesbian women. Lexington Books.
   Google Scholar
• Burnes, T. R., Dexter, M. M., Richmond, K., Singh, A. A., & Cherrington, A. (2016). The experiences of transgender survivors of trauma who undergo social and medical transition. Traumatology, 22(1), 75–84. https://doi.org/10.1037/trm0000064
   Google Scholar
• Carter, R. T. (2007). Racism and psychological and emotional injury: Recognizing and assessing race-based traumatic stress. The Counseling Psychologist, 35(1), 13–105. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000006292033
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang, S. C., Singh, A., & Dickey, L. M. (2018). A clinician’s guide to gender-affirming care: Working with transgender & gender nonconforming clients. New Harbinger Publications, Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Cohen, J. N. (2008). Using feminist, emotion-focused, and developmental approaches to enhance cognitive-behavioral therapies for posttraumatic stress disorder related to childhood sexual abuse. Psychotherapy, 45(2), 227–246. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-3204.45.2.227
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen, J. M., Norona, J. C., Yadavia, J. E., & Borsari, B. (2021). Affirmative dialectical behavior therapy skills training with sexual minority veterans. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 28(1), 77–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpra.2020.05.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cole, E. R. (2009). Intersectionality and research in psychology. The American Psychologist, 64(3), 170–180. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0014564
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coleman, E., Bockting, W., Botzer, M., Cohen-Kettenis, P., DeCuypere, G., Feldman, J., Fraser, L., Green, J., Knudson, G., Meyer, W. J., Monstrey, S., Adler, R. K., Brown, G. R., Devor, A. H., Ehrbar, R., Ettner, R., Eyler, E., Garofalo, R., Karasic, D. H., … Zucker, K. (2012). Standards of care for the health of transsexual, transgender, and gender-nonconforming people, version 7. International Journal of Transgenderism, 13(4), 165–232. https://doi.org/10.1080/15532739.2011.700873
   Google Scholar
• Collins, P. H. (2012). Social inequality, power, and politics. The Journal of Speculative Philosophy, 26(2), 442. https://doi.org/10.5325/jspecphil.26.2.0442
   Google Scholar
• Crenshaw, K. (1989). Demarginalizing the intersection of race and sex: A Black feminist critique of antidiscrimination doctrine, feminist theory and antiracist politics. University of Chicago Legal Forum, 1989, 139–167.
   Google Scholar
• Elder, A. B. (2016). Experiences of older transgender and gender nonconforming adults in psychotherapy: A qualitative study. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity, 3(2), 180–186. https://doi.org/10.1037/sgd0000154
   Google Scholar
• Evans, K. M., Kincade, E. A., & Seem, S. R. (2011). Feminist Therapy: A social and individual change model. Introduction to feminist therapy: Strategies for social and individual change (pp. 13–24). SAGE Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Evans, K. M., Kincade, E. A., Marbley, A. F., & Seem, S. R. (2005). Feminism and Feminist Therapy: Lessons from the Past and Hopes for the Future. Journal of Counseling & Development, 83(3), 269–277. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6678.2005.tb00342.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foa, E. B., Hembree, E. A., Cahill, S. P., Rauch, S. A. M., Riggs, D. S., Feeny, N. C., & Yadin, E. (2005). Randomized trial of prolonged exposure for posttraumatic stress disorder with and without cognitive restructuring: Outcome at academic and community clinics. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 73(5), 953–964. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.73.5.953
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foa, E. B., Hembree, E. A., & Rothbaum, B. O. (2007). Treatments that work. Prolonged exposure therapy for PTSD: Emotional processing of traumatic experiences: Therapist guide. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780195308501.001.0001
   Google Scholar
• Foa, E. B., & Kozak, M. J. (1986). Emotional processing of fear: Exposure to corrective information. Psychological Bulletin, 99(1), 20–35.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenspan, M. (1986). Should therapists be personal? Self-disclosure and therapeutic distance in feminist therapy. Women & Therapy, 5(2–3), 5–17. https://doi.org/10.1300/J015V05N02_02
   Google Scholar
• Harned, M. S., Korslund, K. E., Foa, E. B., & Linehan, M. M. (2012). Treating PTSD in suicidal and self-injuring women with borderline personality disorder: Development and preliminary evaluation of a Dialectical Behavior Therapy Prolonged Exposure Protocol. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 50(6), 381–386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2012.02.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harned, M. S., & Schmidt, S. C. (2019). Integrating post-traumatic stress disorder treatment into dialectical behaviour therapy: Clinical application and implementation of the DBT prolonged exposure protocol. In M. A. Swales (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of dialectical behaviour therapy (p. 797–814). Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hendricks, M. L., & Testa, R. J. (2012). A conceptual framework for clinical work with transgender and gender nonconforming clients: An adaptation of the Minority Stress Model. Professional Psychology, 43(5), 460–467. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0029597
   Google Scholar
• Holmes, S. C., Facemire, V. C., & DaFonseca, A. (2016). Expanding criterion A for posttraumatic stress disorder: Considering the deleterious impact of oppression. Traumatology, 22(4), 314–321. https://doi.org/10.1037/trm0000104
   Google Scholar
• Keating, L., & Muller, R. T. (2020). LGBTQ + based discrimination is associated with PTSD symptoms, dissociation, emotion dysregulation, and attachment insecurity among LGBTQ + adults who have experienced trauma. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 21(1), 124–141. https://doi.org/10.1080/15299732.2019.1675222
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lange, T. M. (2020). Trans-affirmative narrative exposure therapy (TA-NET): A therapeutic approach for targeting minority stress, internalized stigma, and trauma reactions among gender diverse adults. Practice Innovations, 5(3), 230–245. https://doi.org/10.1037/pri0000126
   Google Scholar
• Linehan, M. M. (1993). Cognitive-behavioral treatment of borderline personality disorder. Guilford.
   Google Scholar
• Linehan, M. M. (2015). DBT skills training manual (2nd ed.). Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Linehan, M. M. (2020). Building a life worth living: A memoir. Random House.
   Google Scholar
• Marshall, G. N., Schell, T. L., & Miles, J. N. V. (2009). Ethnic differences in posttraumatic distress: Hispanics’ symptoms differ in kind and degree. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 77(6), 1169–1178. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0017721
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyer, I. H. (2003). Prejudice, social stress, and mental health in lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations: Conceptual issues and research evidence. Psychological Bulletin, 129(5), 674–697. https://doi.org/10/ctz7wp
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reisner, S. L., Hughto, J. M. W., Gamarel, K. E., Keuroghlian, A. S., Mizock, L., & Pachankis, J. E. (2016). Discriminatory experiences associated with posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms among transgender adults. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 63(5), 509–519. https://doi.org/10.1037/cou0000143
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schneider, A., Conrad, D., Pfeiffer, A., Elbert, T., Kolassa, I.-T., & Wilker, S. (2018). Stigmatization is associated with increased PTSD risk after traumatic stress and diminished likelihood of spontaneous remission – A study with East-African Conflict survivors. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 9, 423. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00423
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sherman, A. D. F., Poteat, T. C., Budhathoki, C., Kelly, U., Clark, K. D., & Campbell, J. C. (2020). Association of depression and post-traumatic stress with polyvictimization and emotional transgender and gender diverse community connection among Black and Latinx transgender women. LGBT Health, 7(7), 358–366. https://doi.org/10.1089/lgbt.2019.0336
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shipherd, J. C., Berke, D., & Livingston, N. A. (2019). Trauma recovery in the transgender and gender diverse community: Extensions of the Minority Stress Model for treatment planning. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 26(4), 629–646. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpra.2019.06.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shipherd, J. C., Maguen, S., Skidmore, W. C., & Abramovitz, S. M. (2011). Potentially traumatic events in transgender sample: Frequency and associated symptoms. Traumatology, 17(2), 56–67. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534765610395614
   Google Scholar
• Sloan, C. A., Berke, D. S., & Shipherd, J. C. (2017). Utilizing a dialectical framework to inform conceptualization and treatment of clinical distress in transgender individuals. Professional Psychology, 48(5), 301–309. https://doi.org/10.1037/pro0000146
   Google Scholar
• Tebbe, E. A., & Moradi, B. (2016). Suicide risk in trans populations: An application of minority stress theory. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 63(5), 520–533. https://doi.org/10.1037/cou0000152
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Testa, R. J., Habarth, J., Peta, J., Bockting, W., & Balsam, K. (2015). Development of the gender minority stress and resilience measure. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity, 2(1), 65–77. https://doi.org/10.1037/sgd0000081
   Google Scholar
• Tishelman, A., & Neumann-Mascis, A. (2018). Gender-related trauma. In C. Keo-Meier & D. Ehrensaft (Eds.), The gender affirmative model: An interdisciplinary approach to supporting transgender and gender expansive children (pp. 85–100). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000095-006
   Google Scholar
• Tucker, R. P., Testa, R. J., Simpson, T. L., Shipherd, J., Blosnich, J. R., & Lehavot, K. (2018). Hormone therapy, gender affirmation surgery, and their association with recent suicidal ideation and depression symptoms in transgender veterans. Psychological Medicine, 48(14), 2329–2336. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291717003853
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar