Effects of Menthol-Containing Artificial Tears on Tear Stimulation and Ocular Surface Integrity in Normal and Dry Eye Rat Models

References

• Stevenson W, Chauhan SK, Dana R. Dry eye disease: an immune-mediated ocular surface disorder. Arch Ophthalmol. 2012;130:90–100. doi:10.1001/archophthalmol.2011.364.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shimazaki-Den S, Dogru M, Higa K, Shimazaki J. Symptoms, visual function, and mucin expression of eyes with tear film instability. Cornea. 2013;32:1211–18. doi:10.1097/ICO.0b013e318295a2a5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Research in dry eye: report of the research subcommittee of the international dry eye workshop(2007). Ocul Surf. 2007;5:179–93. doi:10.1016/S1542-0124(12)70086-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hirata H, Mizerska K, Marfurt CF, Rosenblatt MI. Hyperosmolar tears induce functional and structural alterations of corneal nerves: electrophysiological and anatomical evidence toward neurotoxicity. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2015;56:8125–40. doi:10.1167/iovs.15-18383.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Igarashi T, Fujimoto C, Suzuki H, Ono M, Iijima O, Takahashi H, Takahashi H. Short-time exposure of hyperosmolarity triggers interleukin-6 expression in corneal epithelial cells. Cornea. 2014;33:1342–47. doi:10.1097/ICO.0000000000000256.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luo L, Li DQ, Pflugfelder SC. Hyperosmolarity-induced apoptosis in human corneal epithelial cells is mediated by cytochrome c and MAPK pathways. Cornea. 2007;26:452–60. doi:10.1097/ICO.0b013e318030d259.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu H, Begley C, Chen M, Bradley A, Bonanno J, McNamara NA, Nelson JD, Simpson T. A link between tear instability and hyperosmolarity in dry eye. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2009;50:3671–79. doi:10.1167/iovs.08-2689.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koh S, Maeda N, Hori Y, Inoue T, Watanabe H, Hirohara Y, Mihashi T, Fujikado T, Tano Y. Effects of suppression of blinking on quality of vision in borderline cases of evaporative dry eye. Cornea. 2008;27:275–78. doi:10.1097/ICO.0b013e31815be9c8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simmons PA, Carlisle-Wilcox C, Vehige JG. Comparison of novel lipid-based eye drops with aqueous eye drops for dry eye: a multicenter, randomized controlled trial. Clin Ophthalmol. 2015;9:657–64. doi:10.2147/OPTH.S74849.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yokoi N, Sonomura Y, Kato H, Komuro A, Kinoshita S. Three percent diquafosol ophthalmic solution as an additional therapy to existing artificial tears with steroids for dry-eye patients with sjogren’s syndrome. Eye (Lond). 2015;29:1204–12. doi:10.1038/eye.2015.125.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kinoshita S, Awamura S, Nakamichi N, Suzuki H, Oshiden K, Yokoi N. A multicenter, open-label, 52-week study of 2% rebamipide (OPC-12759) ophthalmic suspension in patients with dry eye. Am J Ophthalmol. 2014;157:576–83. doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2013.11.010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chung SH, Lim SA, Tchach H. Efficacy and safety of carbomer-based lipid-containing artificial tear formulations in patients with dry eye syndrome. Cornea. 2016;35:181–86. doi:10.1097/ICO.0000000000000660.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Belmonte C, Acosta MC, Gallar J. Neural basis of sensation in intact and injured corneas. Exp Eye Res. 2004;78:513–25. doi:10.1016/j.exer.2003.09.023.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robbins A, Kurose M, Winterson BJ, Meng ID. Menthol activation of corneal cool cells induces TRPM8-mediated lacrimation but not nociceptive responses in rodents. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012;53:7034–42. doi:10.1167/iovs.12-10025.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dartt DA. Neural regulation of lacrimal gland secretory processes: relevance in dry eye diseases. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2009;28:155–77. doi:10.1016/j.preteyeres.2009.04.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kurose M, Meng ID. Dry eye modifies the thermal and menthol responses in rat corneal primary afferent cool cells. J Neurophysiol. 2013;110:495–504. doi:10.1152/jn.00222.2013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hirata H, Meng ID. Cold-sensitive corneal afferents respond to a variety of ocular stimuli central to tear production: implications for dry eye disease. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2010;51:3969–76. doi:10.1167/iovs.09-4744.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee H, Hattori T, Park EY, Stevenson W, Chauhan SK, Dana R. Expression of toll-like receptor 4 contributes to corneal inflammation in experimental dry eye disease. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012;53:5632–40. doi:10.1167/iovs.12-9547.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi KE, Song JS, Kang B, Eom Y, Kim HM. Immediate effect of 3% diquafosol ophthalmic solution on tear MUC5AC concentration and corneal wetting ability in normal and experimental keratoconjunctivitis sicca rat models. Curr Eye Res. 2016;28:1–6.
   Google Scholar
• Eom Y, Song JS, Lee DY, Kim MK, Kang BR, Heo JH, Lee HK, Kim HM. Effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticle exposure on the ocular surface: an animal study. Ocul Surf. 2016;14:224–32. doi:10.1016/j.jtos.2015.12.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ichijima H, Ohashi J, Cavanagh HD. Effect of contact-lens-induced hypoxia on lactate dehydrogenase activity and isozyme in rabbit cornea. Cornea. 1992;11:108–13. doi:10.1097/00003226-199203000-00003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Markoulli M, Papas E, Petznick A, Holden B. Validation of the flush method as an alternative to basal or reflex tear collection. Curr Eye Res. 2011;36:198–207. doi:10.3109/02713683.2010.542867.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eom Y, Song JS, Lee HK, Kang B, Kim HC, Lee HK, Kim HM. The effect of ambient titanium dioxide microparticle exposure to the ocular surface on the expression of inflammatory cytokines in the eye and cervical lymph nodes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2016;57:6580–90. doi:10.1167/iovs.16-19944.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hirata H, Oshinsky ML. Ocular dryness excites two classes of corneal afferent neurons implicated in basal tearing in rats: involvement of transient receptor potential channels. J Neurophysiol. 2012;107:1199–209. doi:10.1152/jn.00657.2011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hirata H, Fried N, Oshinsky ML. Quantitative characterization reveals three types of dry-sensitive corneal afferents: pattern of discharge, receptive field, and thermal and chemical sensitivity. J Neurophysiol. 2012;108:2481–93. doi:10.1152/jn.00523.2012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parra A, Madrid R, Echevarria D, Del Olmo S, Morenilla-Palao C, Acosta MC, Gallar J, Dhaka A, Viana F, Belmonte C. Ocular surface wetness is regulated by TRPM8-dependent cold thermoreceptors of the cornea. Nat Med. 2010;16:1396–99. doi:10.1038/nm.2264.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Macpherson LJ, Hwang SW, Miyamoto T, Dubin AE, Patapoutian A, Story GM. More than cool: promiscuous relationships of menthol and other sensory compounds. Mol Cell Neurosci. 2006;32:335–43. doi:10.1016/j.mcn.2006.05.005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karashima Y, Damann N, Prenen J, Talavera K, Segal A, Voets T, Nilius B. Bimodal action of menthol on the transient receptor potential channel TRPA1. J Neurosci. 2007;27:9874–84. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2221-07.2007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xiao B, Dubin AE, Bursulaya B, Viswanath V, Jegla TJ, Patapoutian A. Identification of transmembrane domain 5 as a critical molecular determinant of menthol sensitivity in mammalian TRPA1 channels. J Neurosci. 2008;28:9640–51. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2772-08.2008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kovács I, Luna C, Quirce S, Mizerska K, Callejo G, Riestra A, Fernández-Sánchez L, Meseguer VM, Cuenca N, Merayo-Lloves J, et al. Abnormal activity of corneal cold thermoreceptors underlies the unpleasant sensations in dry eye disease. Pain. 2016;157:399–417. doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000455.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De C. TRP channels as cellular sensors. Nature. 2003;426:517–24. doi:10.1038/nature02196.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Story GM, Peier AM, Reeve AJ, Eid SR, Mosbacher J, Hricik TR, et al. ANKTM1, a TRP-like channel expressed in nociceptive neurons, is activated by cold temperatures. Cell. 2003;112:819–29. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00158-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Acosta MC, Belmonte C, Gallar J. Sensory experiences in humans and single unit activity in cats evoked by polymodal stimulation of the cornea. J Physiol. 2001;534:511–25. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7793.2001.t01-1-00511.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cwiklik L. Tear film lipid layer: a molecular level view. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2016;1858:2421–30. doi:10.1016/j.bbamem.2016.02.020.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tiffany JM. Composition and biophysical properties of the tear film: knowledge and uncertainty. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1994;350:231–38.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Terakado K, Yogo T, Kohara Y, Soeta S, Nezu Y, Harada Y, Hara Y, Amasaki H, Tagawa M. Conjunctival expression of the P2Y2 receptor and the effects of 3% diquafosol ophthalmic solution in dogs. Vet J. 2014;202:48–52. doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.022.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marko CK, Menon BB, Chen G, Whitsett JA, Clevers H, Gipson IK. Spdef null mice lack conjunctival goblet cells and provide a model of dry eye. Am J Pathol. 2013;183:35–48. doi:10.1016/j.ajpath.2013.03.017.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Argueso P, Balaram M, Spurr-Michaud S, Keutmann HT, Dana MR, Gipson IK. Decreased levels of the goblet cell mucin MUC5AC in tears of patients with sjogren syndrome. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2002;43:1004–11.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uchino Y, Uchino M, Yokoi N, Dogru M, Kawashima M, Okada N, Inaba T, Tamaki S, Komuro A, Sonomura Y, et al. Alteration of tear mucin 5AC in office workers using visual display terminals: the Osaka study. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014;132:985–92. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.1008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang J, Yan X, Li H. Analysis of the correlations of mucins, inflammatory markers, and clinical tests in dry eye. Cornea. 2013;32:928–32. doi:10.1097/ICO.0b013e3182801622.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stephens DN, McNamara NA. Altered mucin and glycoprotein expression in dry eye disease. Optom Vis Sci. 2015;92:931–38. doi:10.1097/OPX.0000000000000664.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paz HB, Tisdale AS, Danjo Y, Spurr-Michaud SJ, Argüeso P, Gipson IK. The role of calcium in mucin packaging within goblet cells. Exp Eye Res. 2003;77:69–75. doi:10.1016/S0014-4835(03)00084-8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toshida H, Nguyen DH, Beuerman RW, Murakami A. Evaluation of novel dry eye model: preganglionic parasympathetic denervation in rabbit. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2007;48:4468–75. doi:10.1167/iovs.06-1486.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jayanthi E, Kalaiselvi S, Padma VV, Bhuvanesh NS, Dharmaraj N. Solvent assisted formation of ruthenium(iii) and ruthenium(ii) hydrazone complexes in one-pot with potential in vitro cytotoxicity and enhanced LDH, NO and ROS release. Dalton Trans. 2016;45:1693–707. doi:10.1039/C5DT03849A.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernson VS, Pettersson B. The toxicity of menthol in short-term bioassays. Chem Biol Interact. 1983;46:233–46. doi:10.1016/0009-2797(83)90031-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar