Evaluation of the Effects of Intravitreal Aflibercept and Ranibizumab on Systemic Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Biomarkers in Patients with Neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration

References

• Bressler NM. Age-related macular degeneration is the leading cause of blindness. JAMA. 2004;291(15):1900–01. doi:10.1001/jama.291.15.1900.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Henry TD, Annex BH, McKendall GR, Azrin MA, Lopez JJ, Giordano FJ, Shah PK, Willerson JT, Benza RL, Berman DS, et al. The VIVA trial: vascular endothelial growth factor in ischemia for vascular angiogenesis. Circulation. 2003;107:1359–65. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000061911.47710.8A.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shibuya M. VEGF-VEGFR system as a target for suppressing inflammation and other diseases. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2015;15(2):135–44. doi:10.2174/1871530315666150316121956.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramakrishnan S, Anand V, Roy S. Vascular endothelial growth factor signaling in hypoxia and inflammation. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol. 2014;9(2):142–60. doi:10.1007/s11481-014-9531-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sproston NR, Ashworth JJ. Role of C-reactive protein at sites of inflammation and infection. Front Immunol. 2018;13(9):754. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.00754.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wong BW, Rahmani M, Luo Z, Yanagawa B, Wong D, Luo H, McManus BM. Vascular endothelial growth factor increases human cardiac microvascular endothelial cell permeability to low-density lipoproteins. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2009;28:950–57.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Papežíková I, Pekarová M, Kolářová H, Klinke A, Lau D, Baldus S, Lojek A, Kubala L. Uric acid modulates vascular endothelial function through the down regulation of nitric oxide production. Free Radic Res. 2013;47(2):82–88. doi:10.3109/10715762.2012.747677.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Budzianowski J, Pieszko K, Burchardt P, Rzeźniczak J, Hiczkiewicz J. The role of hematological indices in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Dis Markers. 2017;2017:3041565. doi:10.1155/2017/3041565.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenfeld PJ, Brown DM, Heier JS, Boyer DS, Kaiser PK, Chung CY, Kim RY, MARINA Study Group. Ranibizumab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. N Engl J Med. 2006;355:1419–31. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa054481.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown DM, Kaiser PK, Michels M, Soubrane G, Heier JS, Kim RY, Sy JP, Schneider S, ANCHOR Study Group. Ranibizumab versus verteporfin for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. N Engl J Med. 2006;355:1432–44. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa062655.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heier JS, Brown DM, Chong V, Korobelnik JF, Kaiser PK, Nguyen QD, Kirchhof B, Ho A, Ogura Y, Yancopoulos GD, et al. Intravitreal aflibercept (VEGF trap-eye) in wet age-related macular degeneration. Ophthalmology. 2012;119(12):2537–48. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2012.09.006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang X, Sawada T, Sawada O, Saishin Y, Liu P, Ohji M. Serum and plasma vascular endothelial growth factor concentrations before and after intravitreal injection of aflibercept or ranibizumab for age-related macular degeneration. Am J Ophthalmol. 2014;158(4):738–44.e1. doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2014.06.009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Avery RL, Castellarin AA, Steinle NC, Dhoot DS, Pieramici DJ, See R, Couvillion S, Nasir MA, Rabena MD, Maia M, et al. Systemic pharmacokinetics following intravitreal injections of ranibizumab, bevacizumab or aflibercept in patients with neovascular AMD. Br J Ophthalmol. 2014;98(12):1636–41. doi:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2014-305252.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Avery RL, Castellarin AA, Steinle NC, Dhoot DS, Pieramici DJ, See R, Couvillion S, Nasir MA, Rabena MD, Maia M, et al. Systemic pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intravitreal aflibercept, bevacizumab, and ranibizumab. Retina. 2017;37(10):1847–58. doi:10.1097/IAE.0000000000001493.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hirano T, Toriyama Y, Iesato Y, Imai A, Murata T. Changes in plasma vascular endothelial growth factor level after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab, aflibercept, or ranibizumab for diabetic macular edema. Retina. 2018;38(9):1801–08. doi:10.1097/IAE.0000000000002004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manresa N, Mulero J, Losada M, Zafrilla P. Effect of pegaptanib and ranibizumab on plasma and vitreous homocysteine in patients wıth exudative age-related macular degeneration. Retina. 2015;35(9):1765–71. doi:10.1097/IAE.0000000000000552.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manresa N, Mulero J, Losada M, Zafrilla P. Influence of anti-VEGF about cardiovascular biomarkers in age related macular degeneration. J Nutr Health Aging. 2015;19(2):228–31. doi:10.1007/s12603-014-0531-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fauser S, Viebahn U, Muether PS. Intraocular and systemic inflammation-related cytokines during one year of ranibizumab treatment for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Acta Ophthalmol. 2015;93(8):734–38. doi:10.1111/aos.12770.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dănulescu R, Costin D. The assessment of treatment efficacy in age related macular degeneration by evaluating the oxidative stress markers and OCT measurements. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi. 2013;117:328–33.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ferrara N, Damico L, Shams N, Lowman H, Kim R. Development of ranibizumab, an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor antigen binding fragment, as therapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Retina. 2006;26(8):859–70. doi:10.1097/01.iae.0000242842.14624.e7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu L, Lu T, Tuomi L, Jumbe N, Lu J, Eppler S, Kuebler P, Damico-Beyer LA, Joshi A. Pharmacokinetics of ranibizumab in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration: a population approach. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013;54(3):1616–24. doi:10.1167/iovs.12-10260.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ternant D, Paintaud G. Pharmacokinetics and concentration effect relationships of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies and fusion proteins. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2005;5(suppl 1):S37–S47. doi:10.1517/14712598.5.1.S37.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holash J, Davis S, Papadopoulos N, Croll SD, Ho L, Russell M, Boland P, Leidich R, Hylton D, Burova E, et al. VEGF-Trap: a VEGF blocker with potent antitumor effects. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2002;99(17):11393–98. doi:10.1073/pnas.172398299.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Costagliola C, Morescalchi F, Duse S, Romano D, Mazza G, Parmeggiani F, Bartollino S, Semeraro F. Systemic thromboembolic adverse events in patients treated with intravitreal anti-VEGF drugs for neovascular age-related macular degeneration: an update. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2019;18(9):803–15. doi:10.1080/14740338.2019.1643838.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skoda M, Stangret A, Szukiewicz D. Fractalkine and placental growth factor: a duet of inflammation and angiogenesis in cardiovascular disorders. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2018;39:116–23. doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2017.12.001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kang M, Jeong J, Lee J, Park S, Sung Y, Choi M, Kwon W, Jang S, Choi KS, Choo YS, et al. Placental growth factor (PlGF) is linked to inflammation and metabolic disorders in mice with diet-induced obesity. Endocr J. 2018;65(4):437–47. doi:10.1507/endocrj.EJ17-0363.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bisoendial RJ, Boekholdt SM, Vergeer M, Stroes ES, Kastelein JJ. C-reactive protein is a mediator of cardiovascular disease. Eur Heart J. 2010;31(17):2087–91. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehq238.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Imtiaz F, Shafique K, Mirza SS, Ayoob Z, Vart P, Rao S. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio as a measure of systemic inflammation in prevalent chronic diseases in Asian population. Int Arch Med. 2012;26;5(1):2. doi:10.1186/1755-7682-5-2.
   Google Scholar
• Feng F, Tian Y, Liu S, Zheng G, Liu Z, Xu G. Combination of PLR, MLR MWR, and tumor size could significantly increase the prognostic value for gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016;95:e3248. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000003248.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katipoğlu Z, Mirza E, Oltulu R, Katipoglu B. May monocyte/HDL cholesterol ratio (MHR) and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) be an indicator of inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with keratoconus? Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2020;28(4):632–36. doi:10.1080/09273948.2019.1611876.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yazar HA, Yazar T, Aygün A, Ş K, Kirbaş D. Evaluation of simple inflammatory blood parameters in patients with migraine. Ir J Med Sci. 2020;189(2):677–83. doi:10.1007/s11845-019-02136-y.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Catapano AL, Pirillo A, Norata GD. Vascular inflammation and low-density lipoproteins: is cholesterol the link? A lesson from the clinical trials. Br J Pharmacol. 2017;174(22):3973–85. doi:10.1111/bph.13805.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koenig W, Sund M, Frohlich M, Fischer HG, Lowel H, Doring A, Hutchinson WL, Pepys MB. C-reactive protein, a sensitive marker of inflammation, predicts future risk of coronary heart disease in initially healthy middle-aged men results from the MONICA (Monitoring Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Disease) Augsburg Cohort Study, 1984 to 1992. Circulation. 1999;99:237–42. doi:10.1161/01.cir.99.2.237.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tanriverdi Z, Gungoren F, Tascanov MB, Besli F, Altiparmak IH. Comparing the diagnostic value of the C-reactive protein to albumin ratio with other inflammatory markers in patients with stable angina pectoris. Angiology. 2020;71(4):360–65. doi:10.1177/0003319719897490.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar