Advanced search
Publication Cover
Urban Geography Volume 36, 2015 - Issue 3
Submit an article Journal homepage
1,074
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Belongingness and the Harlem drummers

Khadijah WhiteDepartment of Journalism and Media Studies, School of Communication and Information, Rutgers University, 4 Huntington Street, New Brunswick, NJ08901-1071, USACorrespondence[email protected]
Pages 340-358 | Received 12 Sep 2010, Accepted 05 Nov 2014, Published online: 09 Feb 2015

References

  • Agnew, John. (1993). Space, scale and culture in social science. In J. S. Duncan & D. Ley (Eds.), Place, culture, representation (pp. 251–271). New York, NY: Routledge.
  • Alderman, Derek H. (2006). Naming streets for Martin Luther King Jr.: No easy road. In R. Schein (Ed.), Landscape and race in the United States (pp. 213–236). New York, NY: Taylor and Francis.
  • Alexander, Elizabeth. (1995). “Can you be BLACK and look at this?”: Reading the Rodney King video(s). In Black Public Sphere Collective (Ed.), The black public sphere: A public culture book (pp. 81–98). Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.
  • Ashworth, G. J., & Graham, Brian. (2005). Senses of place: Senses of time. Burlington, VT: Ashgate Publishing.
  • Associated Press. (2007, August 11). Harlem development pits African drummers against new condo owners. International Herald Tribune. Retrieved April 21, 2008, from http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/08/11/america/NA-FEA-GEN-US-Harlem-Drummers.php
  • Azaryahu, Maoz. (1996). The power of commemorative street names. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 14, 311–330.
  • Baker, Houston A. (1999). Critical memory and the black public sphere. In D. Ben-Amos & L. Weissberg (Eds.), Cultural memory and the construction of identity (pp. 264–296). Detroit, MI: Wayne State University Press.
  • Bauman, Zygmunt. (2000, September). Urban battlefields of time/space wars. Politologiske Studier, 7, 1–8.
  • Billingsley, Andrew. (1999). Mighty like a river: The black church and social reform. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  • Blomely, Nicholas. (2004). Unsettling the city. New York, NY: Routledge.
  • Brown-Saracino, Japonica. (2009). A neighborhood that never changes. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
  • Churchill, Ward, & Vander Wall, Jim. (1990). The Cointelpro papers: Documents from the FBI’s secret wars against domestic dissent. Boston, MA: South End Press.
  • Clark, Eric. (2010). The order and simplicity of gentrification – A political challenge. In L. Lees, T. Slater, & E. Wyly (Eds.), The gentrification reader (pp. 24–30). New York, NY: Routledge.
  • Cohen, Anthony P. (1982). A sense of time, a sense of place: The meaning of close social association in Whalsay, Shetland. In A. P. Cohen (Ed.), Belonging: Identity and social organization in British rural cultures (pp. 1–18). Manchester: Manchester University Press.
  • Cohen, Phil. (1997). Out of the melting pot into the fire next time. In S. Westwood & J. Williams (Eds.), Imagining cities: Scripts, signs, and memories (pp. 71–84). New York, NY: Routledge.
  • Cone, James H. (1997). God of the oppressed. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books.
  • Corbould, Clare. (2007). Streets, sounds and identity in interwar Harlem. Journal of Social History, 40(4), 859–894.
  • Cresswell, Tim. (1996). In place/out of place: Geography, ideology, and transgression. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Cresswell, Tim. (2004). Place: A short introduction. Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Dobnik, Verenika. (2007, August 11). Drummers clash with new Harlem residents. USA Today. Retrieved April 1, 2008, from http://www.usatoday.com/news/topstories/2007-08-11-345187240_x.htm
  • Fraser, Nancy. (1992). Rethinking the public sphere: A contribution to the critique of actually existing democracy. In C. Calhoun (Ed.), Habermas and the public sphere (pp. 109–142). Cambridge: Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press.
  • Freeman, Lance. (2006). There goes the hood: Views of gentrification from the ground up. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.
  • Gale, Dennis E. (1984). Neighborhood revitalization and the postindustrial city: A multinational perspective. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
  • Gregory, Steven. (1995). Race, identity and political activism: The shifting contours of the African American public sphere. In Black Public Sphere Collective (Ed.), The black public sphere: A public culture book (pp. 151–168). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
  • Hammel, Daniel J. (2010). Re-establishing the rent gap: An alternative view of capitalised land rent. In L. Lees, T. Slater, & E. Wyly (Eds.), The gentrification reader (pp. 118–127). New York, NY: Routledge.
  • Hansen, Liane. (2007, September 2). Drumming up a protest in a Harlem park. National Public Radio. Retrieved April 1, 2009, from LexisNexis Academic.
  • Harvey, David (n.d.). The right to the city. 1–16. Retrieved December 10, 2013, from http://www.davidharvey.org/media/righttothecity.pdf
  • Hay, Robert. (1998). Sense of place in developmental context. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 18(1), 5–29.
  • Hidalgo, Carmen M., & Hernandez, Bernardo. (2001). Place attachment: Conceptual and empirical questions. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 21(3), 273–281.
  • Hummon, David M. (1992). Community attachment: Local sentiment and sense of place. In I. Altman & S. Low (Eds.), Place attachment (pp. 253–278). New York, NY: Plenum Press.
  • Iglesias, E. M. (2000). Global markets, racial spaces and the role of critical race theory in the struggle for community control of investments: An institutional class analysis. Villanova Law Review, 45, 1037.
  • Iveson, Kurt. (2007). Publics and the city. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
  • Iveson, Kurt. (2013). Cities within the city: Do-it-yourself urbanism and the right to the city. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 37(3), 941–956.
  • Jackson, J. B. (1995). A sense of place, a sense of time. Design Quarterly, 164, 24–27.
  • Jackson, John L. (2001). Harlemworld. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.
  • Jackson, John L. (2006). Gentrification, globalization, and georaciality. In K. M. Clarke & D. A. Thomas (Eds.), Globalization and race (pp. 108–205). Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
  • Jager, Michael. (2010). Class definition and the esthetics of gentrification: Victoriana in Melbourne. In L. Lees, T. Slater, & E. Wyly (Eds.), The gentrification reader (pp. 153–160). New York, NY: Routledge.
  • Johnson, Agnes. (2007, July 26). In Marcus Garvey Park, gentrifiers vs. drummers. Workers World. Retrieved April 1, 2009, from http://www.workers.org/2007/us/drummers-0802/
  • @kwamebrathwaiteaol.com. (2007, July 7). New white residents say “no” to black culture in Harlem – rally today. The BN Village: Blog. Retrieved April 1, 2009, from http://www.bnvillage.co.uk/1424494-post1.html
  • Lasner, Matthew, & Swett, Benjamin. (2004). Marcus Garvey Park. East Harlem.com. Retrieved May 2, 2008, from http://www.east-harlem.com/parks_mg.htm
  • Lee, Trymaine. (2008, February 17). Harlem pas de deux. New York Times, p. 1. Available May 2, 2008, from LexisNexis Academic.
  • Lees, Loretta. (2010). Super-gentrification: The case of Brooklyn Heights, New York City. In J. Brown-Saracino (Ed.), The gentrification debates (pp. 54–50). New York, NY: Routledge.
  • Lees, Loretta, Slater, Tom, & Wyly, Elvin. (Eds.). (2010). The gentrification reader. New York, NY: Routledge.
  • Lefebvre, Henri. (1996). The right to the city. In E. Kofman & E. Lebas (Eds.), Writings on cities (pp. 63–181). Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Ley, David. (1986). Alternative explanations for inner-city gentrification: A Canadian assessment. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 76, 521–535.
  • Ley, David. (1996). The new middle class and the making of the central city. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  • Ley, David. (2003). Artists, aestheticization, and the field of gentrification. Urban Studies, 40(12), 2527–2544.
  • Marcus Garvey Park Alliance. Retrieved November 28, 2013, from http://mgpalliance.org/board/
  • Massey, Doreen. (1993). Power-geometry and a progressive sense of place. In J. Bird, B. Curtis, T. Putnam, & L. Tickner (Eds.), Mapping the futures: Local cultures, global change (pp. 60–70). London: Routledge.
  • McDowell, Linda. (1997). Undoing place? A geographical reader. London: Arnold, Wiley.
  • Mee, Kathleen, & Wright, Sarah. (2009). Geographies of belonging. Environment and Planning A, 41(4), 772–779.
  • Mele, Christopher. (2000). Selling the Lower East Side: Real estate, culture, and resistance in New York City: Social justice and the fight for public space. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Mills, Charles W. (1997). The racial contract. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
  • Mitchell, Don. (2000). Cultural geography. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
  • Mitchell, Don. (2003). The right to the city: Social justice and the fight for public space. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Mitchell, Don, & Staeheli, Lynn. (2006). Clean and safe? Property redevelopment, public space, and homelessness in downtown San Diego. In S. Low & N. Smith (Eds.), The politics of public space (pp. 143–176). New York, NY: Routledge Press.
  • Moore, Kesha S. (2009). Gentrification in black face? The return of the black middle class to urban neighborhoods. Urban Geography, 30(2), 118–142.
  • Moorer, Talise D. (2007, July 26–August 1). Police ‘shakedowns’ send tremors through community. New York Amsterdam News, p. 29. Retrieved April 1, 2009, from ProQuest Ethnic NewsWatch.
  • Murray, Leslie A. (2007, July 19–25). Drummers fight for Marcus Garvey Park. New York Amsterdam News. Retrieved April 1, 2009, from ProQuest Ethnic NewsWatch.
  • New Pittsburgh Courier. [1966–1981]. (1973, September 8). Riot conditions erupt. Retrieved November 29, 2013, from http://search.proquest.com/docview/202586022?accountid=13314v
  • New York Amsterdam News I. [1962–1993]. (1973, September 8). Marcus Garvey Memorial Park. Retrieved November 29, 2013, from http://search.progquest.com/docview/226437084?accountid=13314
  • New York City Departments of Parks and Recreation. (2009). Marcus Garvey Park. NYC.GOV. Retrieved August 8, 2009, from http://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/marcusgarveypark/
  • Omi, M., & Winant, H. (2004). Racial formations. Race, Class, and Gender in the United States, 6, 13–22.
  • Perez, Gina. (2004). The near northwest side story; Migration, displacement, and Puerto Rican families. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  • Price, John. (2001, November 8). Harlem drummers send a message. New York Amsterdam News, p. 30. Retrieved April 1, 2009, from ProQuest Ethnic NewsWatch.
  • Purcell, Mark. (2002). Excavating Lefebvre: The right to the city and its urban politics of the inhabitant. GeoJournal, 58(2–3), 99–108.
  • Raboteau, Albert J. (1978). Slave religion. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  • Raboteau, Albert J. (1995). African Americans, exodus, and the American Israel. In D. G. Hackett (Ed.), Religion and American culture (pp. 79–94). New York, NY: Routledge.
  • Relph, Edward. (1976). Place and placelessness. London: Pion.
  • Schein, Richard H. (2009). Belonging through land/scape. Environment and Planning A, 41(4), 811–826.
  • Scott, Rebecca. (2007). Marcus Garvey Park/attempting to silence the drums of Harlem. Divine Rhythm News: Blog. Retrieved May 2, 2008, from http://divinerhythmnews.blogspot.com/2007/07/marcus-garvey-parkattempting-to-silence.html
  • Sibley, David. (2002). Geographies of exclusion: Society and difference in the west. New York, NY: Routledge.
  • Smith, Neil. (1979a). Gentrification and capital: Theory, practice and ideology in Society Hill. Antipode, 11(3), 24–35.
  • Smith, Neil. (1979b). Toward a theory of gentrification: A back to the city movement by capital not people. Journal of the American Planning Association, 45(4), 538–548.
  • Smith, Neil. (1996). The new urban frontier: Gentrification and the revanchist city. London: Routledge.
  • Smith, Neil. (2010). Building the frontier myth. In The new urban frontier (pp. 12–18). New York, NY: Routledge. In J. Brown-Saracino (Ed.), The gentrification debates (pp. 113–118). New York, NY: Routledge.
  • Soja, Edward W. (1989). Postmodern geographies: The reassertion of space in critical social theory. London: Verso.
  • Solorzano, D., Ceja, M., & Yosso, T. (2000). Critical race theory, racial microaggressions, and campus racial climate: The experiences of African American college students. Journal of Negro Education, 69(1/2), 60–73.
  • Stevens, J. (2007, January 2). [HAA] FW: Stopping the drums in Harlem/from Agnes Johnson/per telephone call. Blog. Retrieved May 2, 2008, from http://harlemaa.org/pipermail/members_harlemaa.org/2007-July/000812.html
  • Taylor, Monique. (1991). Home to Harlem: Black identity and the gentrification of Harlem (Unpublished doctor of philosophy). Harvard University, Cambridge, MA.
  • Taylor, Monique. (2002). Harlem between heaven and hell. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Tuan, Yi-Fu. (1977). Space and place. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Tyner, James A. (2007). Urban revolutions and the spaces of black radicalism. In K. McKittrick & C. Woods (Eds.), Black geographies and the politics of place (pp. 218–232). Cambridge, MA: South End Press.
  • Urry, John. (1995). Consuming places. New York, NY: Routledge.
  • Warde, Alan. (1991). Gentrification as consumption: Issues of class and gender. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 9(2), 223–232.
  • W.A.T.E.R. 17/ Anonymous. (2007, October 18–24). Talking drums heard from Marcus Garvey Park. New York Amsterdam News, p. 5. Retrieved April 1, 2009, from ProQuest Ethnic NewsWatch.
  • Watson, Sophie. (2006). City publics: The (dis)enchantments of urban encounters. London: Routledge.
  • Western, John. (1993). Ambivalent attachments to place in London: Twelve Barbadian families. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 11, 147–170.
  • Westwood, Sallie, & Williams, John. (1997). Imagining cities. In S. Westwood & J. Williams (Eds.), Imagining cities: Scripts, signs, memory (pp. 1–17). London: Routledge.
  • Williams, Timothy. (2008, July 6). An old sound in Harlem draws new neighbors’ ire. New York Times. Retrieved November 28, 2013, from http://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/06/nyregion/06drummers.html?pagewanted=2&_r=0&sq=marcus%20garvey&st=nyt&scp=1
  • Wilson, Bobby. (2002). Critically understanding race-connected practices: A reading of W.E.B. Du Bois and Richard Wright. The Professional Geographer, 54, 31–41.
  • Wilson, Bobby M. (2012). Capital’s need to sell and black economic development. Urban Geography, 33(7), 961–978.
  • Wilson, David, & Grammenos, Dennis. (2005). Gentrification, discourse, and the body: Chicago’s Humboldt Park. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 23(2), 295–312.
  • Wilson, William J. (1987). The truly disadvantaged. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
  • Woods, Clyde. (2007). Sittin’on top of the world: The challenges of blues and hip hop geography. In K. McKittrick & C. Woods (Eds.), Black geographies and the politics of place (pp. 46–81). Cambridge, MA: South End Press.
  • Zukin, Sharon. (2010). Gentrification as market and place. In J. Brown-Saracino (Ed.), The gentrification debates, a reader (pp. 37–44). New York, NY: Routledge.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Order Reprints Request Corporate Permissions

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

Request Academic Permissions

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.

Related research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.