Spatial variability of selected soil properties in relation to land use and slope position in Gelana sub-watershed, Northern highlands of Ethiopia

References

• Amhara Design and Supervision Works Enterprise (ADSWE) . (2011). East Amhara development corridor integrated land use planning project soil survey thematic report . Bahir Dar. Unpublished document.
   Google Scholar
• Asmamaw, L. B. , & Mohammed, A. A. (2013). Effects of slope gradient and changes in land use/cover on selected soil physico-biochemical properties of the Gerado catchment, north-eastern Ethiopia. International Journal of Environmental Studies , 70 , 111–125.10.1080/00207233.2012.751167
   Google Scholar
• Asrat, P. , Belay, K. , & Hamito, D. (2004). Determinants of farmers’ willingness to pay for soil conservation practices in the southeastern highlands of Ethiopia. Land Degradation &. Development , 15 , 423–438. doi:10.1002/ldr.623
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Assefa, A. , & Van Keulen, H. (2009). Modelling soil nutrient dynamics under alternative farm management practices in the Northern Highlands of Ethiopia. Soil & Tillage Research , 103 , 203–215.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Assefa, A. , Winowiecki, L. A. , Vågenc, T.-G. , Langan, S. , & Smith, J. U. (2016). Spatial and temporal dynamics of soil organic carbon in landscapes of the upper Blue Nile Basin of the Ethiopian Highlands. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment , 218 , 190–208.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Awdenegest, M. , & Holden, N. M. (2008). Soil fertility in relation to slope position and agricultural land use: A case study of Umbulo Catchment in Southern Ethiopia. Environmental Management , 42 , 753–763. doi:10.1007/s00267-008-9157-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Awdenegest, M. , Melku, D. , & Fantaw, Y. (2013). Land use effects on soil quality indicators: A case study of Abo-Wonsho Southern Ethiopia. Applied and Environmental Soil Science, 9 , 1–9. doi: 10.1155/2013/784989
   Google Scholar
• Aweke, M. G. , Singh, B. R. , & Lal, R. (2014). Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen stocks under different land uses in a semi-arid watershed in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment , 188 , 256–263.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bekele, L. , Kleja, D. B. , Nilsson, I. , & Olsson, M. (2006). Soil carbon sequestration under different exotic tree species in the southwestern highlands of Ethiopia. Geoderma , 136 , 886–898.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berhane, L. , Fassil, K. , Shimbahri, M. , Ibrahim, F. , & Zenebe, A. (2016). Use of the revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) for soil and nutrient loss estimation in long-used rainfed agricultural lands. North Ethiopia, Physical Geography , 37 , 276–290. doi:10.1080/02723646.2016.1198138
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Black, C. A. , Evans, D. D. , White, J. L. , Ensminger, L. E. , & Clerk, F. E. (1965). Methods of soil analysis. Part I. Physical and mineralogical properties including statistics of measurement and sampling. Madison, Wisconsin, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Soil Science Society of America.
   Google Scholar
• Bouyoucos, G. J. (1962). Hydrometer method improved for making particle size analysis of soil. Agronomy , 54 , 464–465.10.2134/agronj1962.00021962005400050028x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Central Statistical Agency (CSA) . (2008). The 2007 population and housing census of Ethiopia. Results of Amhara region: Population size of Kebeles . Addis Ababa: Central Statistical Agency.
   Google Scholar
• Daniel, M. , Woldeamlak, B. , & Lal, R. (2015). Conservation effects on soil quality and climate change adaptability of Ethiopian watersheds. Land Degradation & Development, 27 , 1603–1621. doi: 10.1002/ldr.2376
   Google Scholar
• Dinku, D. , Sheleme, B. , Ram, N. , Walley, F. , & Tekleab, S. G. (2014). Effects of topography and land use on soil characteristics along the toposequence of Ele watershed in southern Ethiopia. Catena , 115 , 47–54.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fantaw, Y. , & Abdu, A. (2011). Soil property changes following conversion of acacia woodland into grazing and farmlands in the rift valley area of Ethiopia. Land Degradation & Development , 22 , 425–431. doi:10.1002/ldr.1022
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fantaw, Y. , Ledin, S. , & Abdu, A. (2006). Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen stocks as affected by topographic aspect and vegetation in the Bale Mountains, Ethiopia. Geoderma , 135 , 335–344.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fantaw, Y. , Ledin, S. , & Abdu, A. (2007). Changes in soil organic carbon and total nitrogen contents in three adjacent land use types in the Bale Mountains, south-eastern highlands of Ethiopia. Forest Ecology and Management , 242 , 337–342.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fantaw, Y. , Ledin, S. , & Abdu, A. (2008). Concentrations of exchangeable bases and cation exchange capacity in soils of cropland, grazing and forest in the Bale Mountains, Ethiopia. Forest Ecology and Management , 256 , 1298–1302.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Girmay, G. , & Singh, B. R. (2012). Changes in soil organic carbon stocks and soil quality: Land-use system effects in northern Ethiopia. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B, Soil & Plant Science , 62 , 519–530. doi:10.1080/09064710.2012.663786
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Habtamu, A. , Heluf, G. , Bobe, B. , & Enyew, A. (2014). Fertility status of soils under different land uses at Wujiraba watershed, North-western highlands of Ethiopia. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries , 3 , 410–419. doi:10.11648/j.aff.20140305.24
   Google Scholar
• Hurni, H. (1993). Land degradation, famine, and land resource scenarios in Ethiopia. In D. Pimentel (Ed.), World soil erosion and conservation (pp. 27–62). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.10.1017/CBO9780511735394
   Google Scholar
• Islam, K. R. , & Weil, R. R. (2000). Land use effects on soil quality in a tropical forest ecosystem of Bangladesh. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment , 79 , 9–16.10.1016/S0167-8809(99)00145-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones, J. B. (2003). Agronomic handbook: Management of crops, soils and their fertility . Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press LLC.
   Google Scholar
• Landon, J. R. (1991). Booker tropical soil manual: A handbook for soil survey and agricultural land evaluation in the tropics and subtropics . London: Longman.
   Google Scholar
• Lechisa, T. , Achalu, C. , & Alemayehu, A. (2014). Dynamics of soil fertility as influenced by different land use systems and soil depth in West Showa Zone, Gindeberet District, Ethiopia. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries , 3 , 489–494. doi:10.11648/j.aff.20140306.18
   Google Scholar
• Mekuria, W. , & Aynekulu, E. (2011). Exclosure land management for restoration of the soils in degraded communal grazing lands in northern Ethiopia. Land Degradation & Development , 24 , 528–538. doi:10.1002/ldr.1146
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) . (1998). Agro-ecological zones of Ethiopia . Addis Ababa: Natural Resources Management and Regulatory Department.
   Google Scholar
• Mohr, P. A. (1971). The geology of Ethiopia . Addis Ababa: Haile Sellassie I University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Nega, E. , & Heluf, G. (2013). Effect of land use changes and soil depth on soil organic matter, total nitrogen and available phosphorus contents of soils in Senbat watershed, Western Ethiopia. ARPN Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science , 8 (3), 206–212.
   Google Scholar
• National Meteorological Service Agency (NMSA) . (2014). Temperature and rain fall data of Mersa and Sirinka . Addis Ababa. Unpublished document.
   Google Scholar
• Olsen, S. R. , Cole, C. V. , Watanabe, F. S. , & Dean, L. A. (1954). Estimation of available phosphorous in soils by extraction with sodium bicarbonate . Washington DC: USDA, Department of Agriculture, Circular no. 939.
   Google Scholar
• Ozgoz, E. , Gunal, H. , Acir, N. , Gokmen, F. , Birol, M. , & Budak, M. (2013). Soil quality and spatial variability assessment of land use effects in a typic haplustoll. Land Degradation & Development , 24 , 277–286.10.1002/ldr.v24.3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Safadoust, A. , Doaei, N. , Mahboubi, A. A. , Mosaddeghi, M. R. , Gharabaghi, B. , Voroney, P. , & Ahrens, B. (2015). Long-term cultivation and landscape position effects on aggregate size and organic carbon fractionation on surface soil properties in semi-arid region of Iran. Arid Land Research and Management , 30 , 345–361. doi: 10.1080/15324982.2015.1016244
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shiferaw, B. , & Holden, S. T. (1998). Resource degradation and adoption of land conservation technologies in the Ethiopian Highlands: A case study in Andit Tid, North Shewa. Agricultural Economics , 18 , 233–247.10.1016/S0169-5150(98)00036-X
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shiferaw, B. , & Holden, S. T. (1999). Soil erosion and smallholders conservation decisions in the highlands of Ethiopia. World Development , 27 , 739–752.10.1016/S0305-750X(98)00159-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shimeles, D. , Lulseged, T. , & Vlek, P. L. (2012). Performance of farmland terraces in maintaining soil fertility: A case of Lake Maybar watershed in Wello, Northern Highlands of Ethiopia. Journal of Life Sciences , 6 , 1251–1261.
   Google Scholar
• Shimeles, D. , Lulseged, T. , & Vlek, P. L. (2013). Performance of exclosure in restoring soil fertility: A case of Gubalafto district in North Wello Zone, northern highlands of Ethiopia. Catena , 101 , 136–142.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tadele, A. , Aemro, T. , Yihenew, G. , Birru, Y. , Wolfgramm, B. , & Hurni, H. (2013). Soil properties and crop yields along the terraces and toposequece of Anjeni watershed, Central Highlands of Ethiopia. Journal of Agricultural Science , 5 (2), 134–144.
   Google Scholar
• Teshome, Y. , Heluf, G. , Kibebew, K. , & Sheleme, B. (2013). Impacts of land use on selected physicochemical properties of soils of Abobo Area, Western Ethiopia. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries , 2 , 177–183. doi:10.11648/j.aff.20130205.11
   Google Scholar
• Tsehaye, G. , & Mohammed, A. (2013). Effects of land-use/cover changes on soil properties in a dryland watershed of Hirmi and its adjacent agro ecosystem: Northern Ethiopia. International Journal of Geosciences Research , 1 , 45–57.
   Google Scholar
• Uzoho, B. U. , Oti, N. N. , & Ngwuta, A. (2007). Fertility status under land use types on soils of similar lithology. Journal of American Science , 3 , 20–29.
   Google Scholar
• Van Reeuwijk, L. P. (2002). Procedures for soil analysis (6th ed.). Wageningen: ISRIC, Technical Paper 9.
   Google Scholar
• Walkley, A. , & Black, C. A. (1934). An examination of Degtjareff methods for determining soil organic matter and the proposed modifications of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Science , 37 , 29–38.10.1097/00010694-193401000-00003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolde, M. , Veldkamp, E. , Mitiku, H. , Nyssena, J. , Muys, B. , & Kindeya, G. (2007). Effectiveness of exclosures to restore degraded soils as a result of overgrazing in Tigray, Ethiopia. Journal of Arid Environments , 69 , 270–284.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woldeamlak, B. , & Stroosnijder, L. (2003). Effects of agroecological land use succession on soil properties in Chemoga watershed, Blue Nile basin, Ethiopia. Geoderma , 111 , 85–98.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Worku, H. , Awdenegest, M. , & Fantaw, Y. (2012). The effects of ‘Fanya juu’ soil conservation structure on selected soil physical & chemical properties: The case of Goromti watershed, Western Ethiopia. Resources and Environment , 2 , 132–140.
   Google Scholar