New early Barstovian (middle Miocene) vertebrates from the upper Torreya Formation, eastern Florida panhandle

LITERATURE CITED

• Auffenberg , W. 1958 . A new family of Miocene salamanders from the Texas Coastal Plain. . Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences , 21 : 169 – 176 .
   Google Scholar
• Banks , J. E. and Hunter , M. E. 1973 . Post-Tampa, pre-Chipola sediments exposed in Liberty, Gadsden, Leon, and Wakulla Counties, Florida. Transactions . Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies , 23 : 355 – 363 .
   Google Scholar
• Barnosky , A. D. 1986 . Arikareean, Hemingfordian, and Barstovian mammals from the Miocene Colter Formation, Jackson Hole, Teton County, Wyoming. . Bulletin of the Carnegie Museum of Natural History , 26 : 1 – 69 .
   Google Scholar
• Baskin , J. A. 1980 . Evolutionary reversal in Mylagaulus (Mammalia: Rodentia) from the late Miocene of Florida. . American Midland Naturalist , 104 : 155 – 162 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Black , C. C. 1963 . A review of the North American Tertiary Sciuridae. . Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology , 130 : 109 – 248 .
   Google Scholar
• Black , C. C. and Wood , A. E. 1956 . Variation and tooth replacement in a Miocene mylagaulid rodent. . Journal of Paleontology , 30 : 672 – 684 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brodkorb , P. 1963 . Miocene birds from the Hawthorne Formation. . Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences , 26 : 159 – 167 .
   Google Scholar
• Bryant , J. D. 1990 . Vertebrate paleontology and multidimensional stratigraphy of the Dogtown Member of the Torreya Formation (Miocene), eastern Florida panhandle 168 Master's thesis, University of Florida
   Google Scholar
• Bryant , J. D. , MacFadden , B. J. and Mueller , P. A. In press. Improved chronologic resolution of the Hawthorn and Alum Bluff groups in northern Florida: implications for Miocene chronostratigraphy. Geological Society of America Bulletin
   Google Scholar
• Colbert , E. H. 1932 . Aphelops from the Hawthorn Formation of Florida. . Florida Geological Survey Bulletin , 10 : 53 – 58 .
   Google Scholar
• Cook , H. J. 1922 . A Pliocene fauna from Yuma County, Colorado, with notes on the closely related Snake Creek beds, from Nebraska. . Proceedings of the Colorado Museum of Natural History , 4 ( 2 ) : 3 – 15 .
   Google Scholar
• Cope , E. D. 1867 . An addition to the vertebrate fauna of the Miocene period, with a synopsis of the extinct Cetacea of the United States. . Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia , 1867 : 138 – 156 .
   Google Scholar
• Cope , E. D. 1873 . On some new extinct mammalia from the Tertiary of the plains. . Paleontological Bulletin , 14 : 1 – 2 .
   Google Scholar
• Cope , E. D. 1878a . A new genus of Oreodontidae. . American Naturalist , 12 : 58
   Google Scholar
• Cope , E. D. 1878b . Description of new extinct vertebrata from the upper Tertiary and Dakota formations. . Bulletin of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories , 4 : 379 – 396 .
   Google Scholar
• Domning , D. P. 1989 . “ Fossil sirenians from the Suwanee River, Florida and Georgia ” . In Miocene Paleontology and Stratigraphy of the Su-wannee River Basin of North Florida and South Georgia , Southeastern Geological Society Guidebook 30 Edited by: Morgan , G. S. 54 – 60 .
   Google Scholar
• Downs , T. 1956 . The Mascall Fauna from the Miocene of Oregon. . University of California Publications in Geological Sciences , 31 : 199 – 354 .
   Google Scholar
• Engesser , B. 1979 . Relationships of some insectivores and rodents from the Miocene of North America and Europe. . Bulletin of the Carnegie Museum of Natural History , 14 : 1 – 68 .
   Google Scholar
• Estes , R. 1963 . Early Miocene salamanders and lizards from Florida. . Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences , 26 : 234 – 256 .
   Google Scholar
• Estes , R. 1981 . “ Gymnophiona, Caudata ” . In Handbuch der Palaeoherpetologie, Teil 2 Edited by: Wellnhofer , P. 1 – 115 . Stuttgart, , Germany : Gustav Fischer Verlag .
   Google Scholar
• Evander , R. L. 1985 . Middle Miocene horses of North America 433 New York : Columbia University . Ph.D. dissertation
   Google Scholar
• Filhol , H. 1888 . Description de quelques mammifères nouveaux trouvés à Sansan. . Bulletin de la Société philomatique de Paris , 7 : 24 – 25 .
   Google Scholar
• Forsten , A. 1975 . The fossil horses of the Texas Gulf Coastal Plain: a revision. . Pearce-Sellards Series , 22 : 1 – 86 .
   Google Scholar
• Frick , C. 1937 . Horned ruminants of North America. . Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History , 69 : 1 – 669 .
   Google Scholar
• Galusha , T. 1975 . Stratigraphy of the Box Butte Formation, Nebraska . Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History , 156 : 1 – 68 .
   Google Scholar
• Gazin , C. L. 1930 . A Tertiary Vertebrate fauna from the upper Cuyama drainage basin, California. . Carnegie Institute of Washington Publications , 404 : 55 – 76 .
   Google Scholar
• Grateloup , J. P. S. 1840 . Description d'un fragment de mâchoire fossile, d'un genre nouveau de reptile (saurien), de taille gigantesque, voisin de l'Iguanodon, trouvé dans le Grès marin, à Léognan, près Bordeaux (Gironde). . Actes de l'Académie nationale des sciences, belles-lettres et arts de Bordeaux , 2 : 201 – 210 .
   Google Scholar
• Holman , J. A. 1977 . Amphibians and reptiles from the Gulf Coast Miocene of Texas. . Herpetologica , 33 : 391 – 403 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holman , J. A. 1979 . A review of North American Tertiary snakes. Publications of the Museum, Michigan State University . Paleontological Series , 1 : 200 – 260 .
   Google Scholar
• Huddlestun , P. F. 1988 . A revision of the lithostratigraphic units of the coastal plain of Georgia: the Miocene through Holocene. . Georgia Geologic Survey Bulletin , 104 : 1 – 162 .
   Google Scholar
• Huddlestun , P. F. and Hunter , M. E. 1982 . “ Stratigraphic revision of the Torreya Formation of Florida ” . In Miocene of the Southeastern United States , Florida State Geological Survey Special Publication 25 Edited by: Scott , T. M. and Upchurch , S. B. 210
   Google Scholar
• Hulbert , R. C. Jr. 1988 . Calippus Protohippus (Mammalia, Perissodactyla, Equidae) from the Miocene (Barstovian-early Hemphillian) of the Gulf Coastal Plain. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum . Biological Sciences , 32 : 221 – 340 .
   Google Scholar
• Hulbert , R. C. Jr. and MacFadden , B. J. 1991 . Morphological transformation and cladogenesis at the base of the adaptive radiation of Miocene horses. . American Museum of Natural History Novitates , 3000 : 1 – 61 .
   Google Scholar
• James , G. T. 1963 . Paleontology and nonmarine stratigraphy of the Cuyama Valley Badlands, California. Part 1. Geology, faunal interpretations, and systematic descriptions of Chiroptera, Insectivora, and Rodentia. . University of California Publications in Geological Sciences , 45 : 1 – 170 .
   Google Scholar
• Kellogg , R. 1923 . Description of two squalodonts recently discovered in the Calvert Cliffs, Maryland; notes on the shark-toothed cetaceans. . Proceedings of the United States National Museum , 62 : 1 – 69 .
   Google Scholar
• Leidy , J. 1857 . Notices of extinct Vertebrata discovered by Dr. F. V. Hayden, during the expedition to the Sioux country under the command of Lieutenant G. K. Warren. . Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia , 8 : 311 – 312 .
   Google Scholar
• Lindsay , E. H. 1972 . Small mammal fossils from the Bar-stow Formation, California. . University of California Publications in Geological Sciences , 93 : 1 – 104 .
   Google Scholar
• Lindsay , E. H. 1974 . The Hemingfordian mammal fauna of the Vedder locality, Branch Canyon Formation, Santa Barbara County, California. Part II: Rodentia (Eomyidae and Heteromyidae). . PaleoBios , 16 : 1 – 20 .
   Google Scholar
• Loomis , F. B. 1924 . Miocene Oreodonts in the American Museum. . Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History , 51 : 1 – 37 .
   Google Scholar
• MacFadden , B. J. 1980 . An early Miocene land mammal (Oreodonta) from a marine limestone in northern Florida. . Journal of Paleontology , 54 : 93 – 101 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacFadden , B. J. , Bryant , J. D. and Mucllcr , P. A. 1991 . Sr-isotopic, paleomagnetic, and biostratigraphic calibration of horse evolution: evidence from the Miocene of Florida. . Geology , 19 : 242 – 245 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maximilian . 1839 . Nova acta physico-medica Academiae caesareae . Leopoldino-Carolinae , 19 ( 1 ) : 368 [Name may also be cited as Wied or as Wied-Neuwied.]
   Google Scholar
• Meyer , H. v. 1844 . Ueber die fossilen Knochen aus dem Tertiär-Gebilde des Cerro de San Isidro bei Madrid. . Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geognosie, Geologie, und Petrefaktenkunde , 1844 : 289 – 310 .
   Google Scholar
• Morea , M. F. 1981 . The Massacre Lake Local Fauna (Mammalia, Hemingfordian) from northwestern Washoe County, Nevada 247 Riverside : University of California . Ph.D. dissertation
   Google Scholar
• Morgan , G. S. 1989 . “ Miocene vertebrate faunas from the Suwannee River Basin of north Florida and south Georgia ” . In Miocene Paleontology and Stratigraphy of the Suwannee River Basin of North Florida and South Georgia , Southeastern Geological Society Guidebook 30 Edited by: Morgan , G. S. 26 – 53 .
   Google Scholar
• Morgan , G. S. and Pratt , A. E. 1988 . “ An early Miocene (late Hemingfordian) vertebrate fauna from Brooks Sink, Bradford County, Florida ” . In Heavy Mineral Mining in Northeast Florida and an Examination of the Hawthorne Formation and Post-Hawthorne Clastic Sediments , Southeastern Geological Society Guidebook 29 Edited by: Pirkle , F. L. and Reynolds , J. G. 53 – 69 .
   Google Scholar
• Olsen , S. J. 1963 . An upper Miocene fossil locality in north Florida. . Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences , 24 : 308 – 314 .
   Google Scholar
• Olsen , S. J. 1964a . The stratigraphic importance of a lower Miocene vertebrate fauna from Florida. . Journal of Paleontology , 38 : 477 – 482 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olsen , S. J. 1964b . Vertebrate correlations and Miocene stratigraphy of north Florida fossil localities. . Journal of Paleontology , 38 : 600 – 604 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olsen , S. J. 1968 . Miocene vertebrates and north Florida shorelines. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology . Palaeoecology , 5 : 127 – 134 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osborn , H. F. 1918 . Equidae of the Oligocene, Miocene, and Pliocene of North America, Iconographic Type Revision. Memoirs of the American Museum of Natural History . New Series , 2 ( 1 ) : 1 – 330 .
   Google Scholar
• Pratt , A. E. 1989 . Taphonomy of the micro vertebrate fauna from the early Miocene Thomas Farm locality, Florida (U.S.A.). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology . Palaeoecology , 76 : 125 – 151 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pratt , A. E. and Petkewich , R. M. 1989 . Fossil vertebrates from the Marks Head Formation (Lower Miocene) of southeastern Georgia (abstract). . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 9 : 35A
   Google Scholar
• Prothero , D. R. and Manning , E. M. 1987 . Miocene rhinoceroses from the Texas Gulf Coastal Plain. . Journal of Paleontology , 61 : 388 – 423 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Puri , H. S. and Vernon , R. O. 1959 . Summary of the geology of Florida and a guidebook to the classic exposures. . Florida Geological Survey Special Publication , 5 : 1 – 255 .
   Google Scholar
• Scott , T. M. 1988 . The lithostratigraphy of the Hawthorn Group (Miocene) of Florida. . Florida Geological Survey Bulletin , 59 : 1 – 148 .
   Google Scholar
• Sellards , E. H. 1916 . Fossil vertebrates from Florida; a new Miocene fauna; new Pliocene species; the Pleistocene fauna. Florida State Geological Survey Eighth Annual Report 77 – 210 .
   Google Scholar
• Simpson , G. G. 1930 . Tertiary land mammals of Florida. . Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History , 59 : 149 – 211 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simpson , G. G. 1932a . Miocene land mammals from Florida. . Florida State Geological Survey Bulletin , 10 : 7 – 42 .
   Google Scholar
• Simpson , G. G. 1932b . Fossil Sirenia of Florida and evolution of the Sirenia. . Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History , 59 : 419 – 503 .
   Google Scholar
• Skinner , M. F. , Skinner , S. M. and Gooris , R. J. 1977 . Stratigraphy and biostratigraphy of late Cenozoic deposits in central Sioux County, western Nebraska. . Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History , 158 : 263 – 370 .
   Google Scholar
• Taylor , E. H. and Hesse , C. J. 1943 . A new salamander from the upper Miocene beds of San Jacinto County, Texas. . American Journal of Science , 241 : 185 – 193 .
   Google Scholar
• Tedford , R. H. 1981 . Mammalian biochronology of the late Cenozoic basins of New Mexico. . Geological Society of America Bulletin , 92 : 1008 – 1022 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tedford , R. H. and Hunter , M. E. 1984 . Miocene marinenon-marine correlations, Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plains, North America. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology . Palaeoecology , 47 : 129 – 151 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tedford , R. H. , Skinner , M. F. , Fields , R. W. , Rensberger , J. M. , Whistler , D. P. , Galusha , T. , Taylor , B. E. , MacDonald , J. R. and Webb , S. D. 1987 . “ Faunal succession and biochronology of the Arikareean through Hemphillian interval (late Oligocene through earliest Pliocene Epochs) in North America ” . In Cenozoic Mammals of North America: Geochronology and Biostratigraphy Edited by: Woodburne , M. O. 153 – 210 . Berkeley : University of California Press .
   Google Scholar
• Voorhies , M. R. 1974 . Late Miocene terrestrial mammals, Echols County, Georgia. . Southeastern Geology , 15 : 223 – 235 .
   Google Scholar
• Webb , S. D. 1966 . A relict species of the burrowing rodent, Mylagaulus, from the Pliocene of Florida. . Journal of Mammalogy , 47 : 401 – 412 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Webb , S. D. and Hulbert , R. C. Jr. 1986 . “ Systematics and evolution of Pseudhipparion (Mammalia, Equidae) from the late Neogene of the Gulf Coastal Plain and the Great Plains; ” . In Vertebrates, Phylogeny, and Philosophy , Contributions to Geology, University of Wyoming, Special Paper 3 Edited by: Flanagan , K. M. and Lilli-graven , J. A. 237 – 272 .
   Google Scholar
• Webb , S. D. , MacFadden , B. J. and Baskin , J. A. 1981 . Geology and paleontology of the Love Bone Bed from the late Miocene of Florida. . American Journal of Science , 281 : 513 – 544 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson , R. W. 1960 . Early Miocene rodents and insectivores from northeastern Colorado. University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions . Vertebrata , 7 : 1 – 92 .
   Google Scholar
• Wood , A. E. 1932 . New heteromyid rodents from the Miocene of Florida. . Bulletin of the Florida State Geological Survey , 10 : 43 – 52 .
   Google Scholar
• Wood , A. E. 1935 . Evolution and relationships of the heteromyid rodents with new forms from the Tertiary of western North America. . Annals of the Carnegie Museum , 24 : 73 – 262 .
   Google Scholar
• Wood , A. E. 1936 . The Cricetid rodents described by Leidy and Cope from the Tertiary of North America. . American Museum Novitates , 822 : 1 – 8 .
   Google Scholar
• Woodburne , M. O. 1969 . Systematics, biogeography, and evolution of Cynorca Dyseohyus (Tayassuidae). . Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History , 141 : 271 – 356 .
   Google Scholar
• Woodburne , M. O. , Tedford , R. H. and Swisher , C. C. III . 1990 . Lithostratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the Barstow Formation, Mojave Desert, southern California. . Geological Society of America Bulletin , 102 : 459 – 477 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wright , D. B. and Eshelman , R. E. 1987 . Miocene Tayassuidae (Mammalia) from the Chesapeake Group of the mid-Atlantic coast and their bearing on marine-non-marine correlation. . Journal of Palaeontology , 61 : 604 – 620 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar